scholarly journals Influence of maternal ethnic–racial identity on children’s internalizing symptom trajectories

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 204380871989802
Author(s):  
Vanja Lazarevic ◽  
Geneva Toledo ◽  
Jillian Lee Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
School Age ◽  
Immigrant Mothers ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Identity Elements

We investigate the impact of maternal ethnic–racial identity on child internalizing trajectories in immigrant and U.S.-born Latinx families. Data from N=1,076 Latinx mothers’ reports at child ages 1, 3, 5, and 9 years were used. For children of U.S.-born mothers, but not immigrant mothers, greater levels of maternal ethnic–racial identity were associated with lower levels of internalizing symptoms at age 3, yet attenuated decreases in internalizing symptoms over time. Thus, mother’s ethnic–racial identity was a protective factor for children at preschool age but became less protective through school age. Our results suggest that incorporating ethnic–racial identity elements, particularly for U.S.-born mothers of toddlers to preschoolers, may be an important consideration when designing interventions for Latinx families.

scholarly journals Anger in infancy and its implications: History of attachment in mother–child and father–child relationships as a moderator of risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 1353-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Brock ◽  
Grazyna Kochanska
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Age ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
School Age ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
Car Seat ◽  
Early School ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early School Age ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parent Child

AbstractGrowing research has documented distinct developmental sequelae in insecure and secure parent–child relationships, supporting a model of early attachment as moderating future developmental processes rather than, or in addition to, a source of direct effects. We explored maladaptive developmental implications of infants’ anger proneness in 102 community families. Anger was assessed in infancy through observations in the Car Seat episode and parents’ ratings. Children's security with parents was assessed in the Strange Situation paradigm at 15 months. At preschool age, child negativity (defiance and negative affect) was observed in interactions with the parent, and at early school age, oppositionality was rated by parents and teachers. Security was unrelated to infant anger; however, it moderated associations between infant anger and future maladaptive outcomes, such that highly angry infants embarked on a negative trajectory in insecure, but not in secure, parent–child dyads. For insecure, but not secure, mother–child dyads, infants’ mother-rated anger predicted negativity at preschool age. For insecure, but not secure, father–child dyads, infants’ anger in the Car Seat predicted father- and teacher-rated oppositional behavior at early school age. Results highlight the developmentally complex nature of the impact of attachment, depending on the relationship with mother versus father, type of measure, and timing of effects.

scholarly journals The Impact of COPD in Trends of Urinary Tract Infection Hospitalizations in Spain, 2001–2018: A Population-Based Study Using Administrative Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3979
Author(s):  
Javier de Miguel-Diez ◽  
Romana Albaladejo-Vicente ◽  
Domingo Palacios-Ceña ◽  
David Carabantes-Alarcon ◽  
José Javier Zamorano-Leon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

(1) Background: To examine trends in incidence and outcomes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among men and women with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to identify the predictors for in-hospital mortality (IHM). (2) Methods: We included patients (aged ≥40 years) who were hospitalized with UTIs between 2001 and 2018. Data were collected from the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database. (3) Results: We identified 748,458 UTI hospitalizations, 6.53% with COPD. The UTIs incidence increased over time. It was 1.55 times higher among men COPD patients than among non-COPD men (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.55; 95% CI 1.53–1.56). The opposite happened in women with COPD compared to non-COPD women (IRR 0.30; 95% CI 0.28–0.32). IHM was higher in men with COPD than non-COPD men (5.58% vs. 4.47%; p < 0.001) and the same happened in women (5.62% vs. 4.92%; p < 0.001). The risk of dying increased with age and comorbidity, but the urinary catheter was a protective factor among men (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.64–0.89). Multivariable analysis showed a significant reduction in the IHM over time for men and women with COPD. Suffering from COPD only increased the risk of IHM among men (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.01–1.13). (4) Conclusions: The incidence of UTIs increased over time. Suffering COPD increased the risk of IHM among men, but not among women.

scholarly journals Developmental Patterning of Irritability Enhances Prediction of Psychopathology in Pre-adolescence: Improving RDoC with Developmental Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine S. F. Damme ◽  
Lauren S. Wakschlag ◽  
Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan ◽  
Elizabeth S. Norton ◽  
Vijay A. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
School Age ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Impact

AbstractResearch has demonstrated the transdiagnostic importance of irritability in psychopathology pathways but the contribution of developmentally-unfolding patterns has only recently been explored. To address this question, irritability patterns of 110 youth from a large and diverse early childhood cohort were assessed at preschool age and at school age (∼2.5 years later) with a dimensional irritability scale designed to capture the normal:abnormal spectrum. Participants then returned at Pre-adolescence (∼6 years later) for an assessment with a structured clinical interview (internalizing/externalizing symptoms) and a magnetic resonance imaging scan. When only preschool age irritability was considered, this was a transdiagnostic predictor of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. However, a model including both preschool and school age irritability provided a more nuanced picture. A high preschool and decreasing school age profile of irritability predicted elevated pre-adolescence internalizing symptoms, potentially reflecting emerging coping/internalizing behavior in pre-adolescence. In contrast, a stable irritability profile across these timepoints predicted increased pre-adolescence externalizing symptoms. Further, preschool irritability (a period of rapid growth) did not predict pre-adolescent gray matter volume abnormality, an indicator of transdiagnostic clinical risk. However, irritability at school age (when gray matter volume growth is largely finished) demonstrated an interactive effect among regions; increased school age irritability predicted reduced volume in pre-adolescence emotional regions (e.g., amygdala, medial orbitofrontal cortex) and increased volume in other regions (e.g., cerebellum). Expanding the impact of RDoC’s approach yielding transdiagnostic phenotypes and multiple units of analysis, a developmentally informed approach provides critical new insights into the complex unfolding of mechanisms underlying emerging psychopathology.

scholarly journals Internalizing symptoms and loneliness: Direct effects of mindfulness and protection against the negative effects of peer victimization and exclusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Clear ◽  
Melanie J. Zimmer-Gembeck ◽  
Amanda L. Duffy ◽  
Bonnie L. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

Drawing from dispositional mindfulness research and stress and coping theories, we tested whether adolescents’ dispositional mindfulness was associated with perceptions of peer victimization and exclusion and internalizing symptoms. We further explored the role of dispositional mindfulness as a protective factor buffering the impact of peer victimization and exclusion (PVE) on internalizing symptoms. Participants were 361 (40% boys) adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years ( M = 14.9, SD = 1.4) who completed a questionnaire to assess dispositional mindfulness, perceptions of PVE, social anxiety and depressive symptoms, and loneliness. As expected, more frequent experience of PVE was associated with reporting more symptoms of social anxiety, depression, and loneliness. Further, adolescents who reported higher dispositional mindfulness also reported fewer symptoms of social anxiety, depression, and loneliness, even after controlling for gender and experiences of PVE. Dispositional mindfulness was not protective against (i.e., did not buffer) the effects of PVE on internalizing symptoms. Instead, we found that PVE had a stronger association with symptoms of social anxiety, depression, and loneliness when mindfulness was high relative to when it was medium or low. Yet, victimization was associated with greater social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and loneliness at all levels of mindfulness.

scholarly journals Environmental Awareness of Children Aged 6—10 Years from the Standpoint of Dialectical Thinking

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
E.V. Lidskaya ◽  
M.O. Mdivani
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Dialectical Thinking ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
The Impact

The article presents results of an empirical research of cognitive, affective (emotional) and behavioral components of ecological consciousness in 323 children of preschool and primary school age (6—10 years).It was found that preschool age children underestimate the impact of nature on man, but at the same time overestimate the human impact on nature. Children of this age attributed greater importance to being emotionally close with nature than children of primary school age. When choosing between the industrial, social or natural environment, children of both age groups give preference to the natural environment, leaving the industrial one the least preferred. The outcomes of this research were used to analyze the development of dialectical thinking (actions of transformation and association) in children of these age groups. As it was revealed, dialectical thinking in children of preschool age is predominantly visual. In primary school children, the visual form is replaced by conceptual and symbolic thinking, although still in an underdeveloped form. The article concludes that the first two years of school education have little influence on the development of dialectical thinking in the part that concerns actions of transformation.

scholarly journals Results of the study of intellectual abilities of children training on the program "Mental arithmetics"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.С. Вострецова ◽  
Т.В. Романова
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
School Age ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
The Impact

Актуальность статьи обусловлена популярностью ментальной арифметики в системе дополнительного образования среди детей дошкольного возраста и младшего школьного возраста и ее влияния на интеллектуальные способности детей. В статье рассматривается история происхождения, развития и применения программы «Ментальная арифметика», изучены и выделены исследования зарубежных ученых о влиянии занятий ментальной арифметикой на когнитивныеспособности детей дошкольного возраста. Авторами подробно описана программа «Ментальная арифметика» (SmartyKids), представлены результаты корреляционного анализа интеллектуальных способностей (по методике МЭДИС) детей, обучающихся по программе «Ментальная арифметика» после обучения двух ступеней. Авторами описаны достоинства программы «Ментальная арифметика» (из опыта работы педагогов, отзывов родителей и детей). Статья предназначена для педагогов-психологов, педагогов дошкольных учреждений, педагогов системы дополнительного образования. The relevance of the article is due to the popularity of mental arithmetic in the system of additional education among children of preschool age and primary school age and its influence on the intellectual abilities of children. The article examines the history of the origin, development and application of the program «Mental arithmetic», studied and highlighted the studies of foreign scientists on the impact of mental arithmetic on the cognitive abilities of preschool children. The authors describe in detail the program «Mental arithmetic» (SmartyKids), present the results of the correlation analysis of intellectual abilities (according to the MEDIS method) of children enrolled in the program «Mental arithmetic» after learning at two levels. The authors describe the benefits of the Mental Arithmetic program (from teacher experience, parent and child feedback). The article is intended for educational psychologists, teachers of preschool institutions, teachers of the additional education system.

scholarly journals Latent trajectories of internalizing symptoms from preschool to school age: A multi-informant study in a high-risk sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 657-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette M. Klein ◽  
Andrea Schlesier-Michel ◽  
Yvonne Otto ◽  
Lars O. White ◽  
Anna Andreas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Early Adversity ◽  
School Age ◽  
Hormone Regulation ◽  
Stress Hormone ◽  
Maternal Psychopathology ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Growth Mixture Modelling

AbstractRecent proposals suggest early adversity sets in motion particularly chronic and neurobiologically distinct trajectories of internalizing symptoms. However, few prospective studies in high-risk samples delineate distinct trajectories of internalizing symptoms from preschool age onward. We examined trajectories in a high-risk cohort, oversampled for internalizing symptoms, several preschool risk/maintenance factors, and school-age outcomes. Parents of 325 children completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire on up to four waves of data collection from preschool (3–5 years) to school age (8–9 years) and Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment interviews at both ages. Multi-informant data were collected on risk factors and symptoms. Growth mixture modelling identified four trajectory classes of internalizing symptoms with stable low, rising low-to-moderate, stable moderate, and stable high symptoms. Children in the stable high symptom trajectory manifested clinically relevant internalizing symptoms, mainly diagnosed with anxiety disorders/depression at preschool and school age. Trajectories differed regarding loss/separation experience, maltreatment, maternal psychopathology, temperament, and stress-hormone regulation with loss/separation, temperament, maternal psychopathology, and stress-hormone regulation (trend) significantly contributing to explained variance. At school age, trajectories continued to differ on symptoms, disorders, and impairment. Our study is among the first to show that severe early adversity may trigger a chronic and neurobiologically distinct internalizing trajectory from preschool age onward.

scholarly journals Disrupting the Behavioral Health Consequences of Racial Discrimination: A Longitudinal Investigation of Racial Identity Profiles and Alcohol-Related Problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-717
Author(s):  
Riana Elyse Anderson ◽  
Daniel B. Lee ◽  
Meredith O. Hope ◽  
Kyle Nisbeth ◽  
Kiana Bess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Black People ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Black African ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Public Regard

Researchers have documented the negative associations between racial discrimination and alcohol use for young Black people, yet fewer researchers have examined these associations longitudinally and with racial identity as a protective factor. We use data from the Flint Adolescent Study (465 Black/African Americans) to investigate the relationship between discrimination and alcohol-related problems over time, and how that relationship differs with varying trajectories of racial identity (i.e., private and public regard). Among those reporting persistently moderate levels of private regard and high levels of public regard in late adolescence through emerging adulthood, increases in racial discrimination were associated with increases in alcohol-related problems over time. Findings suggest that regard for one’s racial group may function protectively in the health strategies employed in response to discriminatory events. More longitudinal research is needed to delineate how varying racial pride operates with regard to long-term discrimination and behavioral health.

The Therapist’s Reaction to a Patient’s Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Martin Wurst ◽  
Isabella Kunz ◽  
Gregory Skipper ◽  
Manfred Wolfersdorf ◽  
Karl H. Beine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Retrospective Nature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background: A substantial proportion of therapists experience the loss of a patient to suicide at some point during their professional life. Aims: To assess (1) the impact of a patient’s suicide on therapists distress and well-being over time, (2) which factors contribute to the reaction, and (3) which subgroup might need special interventions in the aftermath of suicide. Methods: A 63-item questionnaire was sent to all 185 Psychiatric Clinics at General Hospitals in Germany. The emotional reaction of therapists to patient’s suicide was measured immediately, after 2 weeks, and after 6 months. Results: Three out of ten therapists suffer from severe distress after a patients’ suicide. The item “overall distress” immediately after the suicide predicts emotional reactions and changes in behavior. The emotional responses immediately after the suicide explained 43.5% of the variance of total distress in a regression analysis. Limitations: The retrospective nature of the study is its primary limitation. Conclusions: Our data suggest that identifying the severely distressed subgroup could be done using a visual analog scale for overall distress. As a consequence, more specific and intensified help could be provided to these professionals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document