scholarly journals Situational ethics in a feminist ethnography on commercial surrogacy in Russia: Negotiating access and authority when recruiting participants through institutional gatekeepers

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 205979911983185
Author(s):  
Christina Weis
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Feminist Ethnography ◽  
Commercial Surrogacy ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Advisory Boards ◽  
Situational Ethics ◽  
Ethical Choices ◽  
Procedural Ethics

In this article, I discuss methodological and ethical dilemmas when recruiting participants with the help of medical and institutional gatekeepers during my ethnographic fieldwork on commercial surrogacy in St Petersburg, Russia. Based on four case studies, I argue for the use of situational ethics. Solid up-front ethics that are approved by institutional advisory boards are important to ensure that the researcher has done their best to identify potential ethical issues prior to data collection and offer deontological safeguards. However, as empirical researchers, we are familiar with the unanticipated that is bound to happen once we commence data collection. In such cases, when the proposed and approved ethical conduct is no longer suited and researchers must make new ethical choices, situational ethics that take the immediate context into consideration are crucial. I further argue that situational ethics must not only be an extension of procedural ethics when the latter are no longer suited but an alternative to procedural ethics in order to make the research empowering, reciprocal and transformative of existing disadvantaging power relations. With this article, I contribute to the growing literature that argues in favour of situational ethics.

scholarly journals Ethically important moments as data: reflections from ethnographic fieldwork in prisons

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Real World ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Research Ethics Committees ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Ethics Of Research ◽  
Procedural Ethics ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

Qualitative researchers often face unpredictable ethical issues during fieldwork. These may be regarded as ethical dilemmas that need to be ‘solved’, but Guillemin and Gillam’s concept of ‘ethically important moments’ provides an alternative framing. Using examples, their concept is developed to suggest that ethical issues in the conduct of research can illuminate and supplement other fieldwork data. Far from being problematic, the dissonance between the procedural ethics of research ethics committees and real-world research can provide opportunities for a more subtle and nuanced understanding of the field.

Ethical Choices in Aesthetic Medicine and Beyond

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Lopez-Moriarty
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Dilemma ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
Aesthetic Medicine ◽  
Professional Careers ◽  
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery ◽  
Ethical Choices ◽  
The Aesthetic

Practitioners will likely encounter significant ethical dilemmas during their professional careers. As these issues arise, practitioners will be required to analyze ethical issues and evaluate available choices. This case study discusses such an ethical dilemma in the context of aesthetic plastic surgery. The aesthetic provider is confronted with the question of whether or not to provide an ethically questionable procedure. The thought process discussed here can be extended beyond aesthetic medicine to all practitioners facing ethical dilemmas. An analysis of the principles of bioethics was undertaken. The principles of bioethics were then applied to the dilemma faced by the practitioner. Finally, a practical, 4-step system was constructed to be incorporated by the practitioner to guide in making ethically sound decisions.

scholarly journals Ethical Dilemmas Using Social Media in Qualitative Social Research: A Case Study of Online Participant Observation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kath Hennell ◽  
Mark Limmer ◽  
Maria Piacentini
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Qualitative Social Research ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Social media platforms that enable users to create and share online content with others are used increasingly in social research. This article explores the complex ethical issues associated with using social media for data collection, drawing on a study of the alcohol consumption practices of young people. It aims to contribute to debates about the practical and ethical challenges facing researchers using social media as a data collection tool, and to demonstrate how a reflexive approach to the research and the context in which the research takes place is critically important for supporting and enabling an ethical approach. The article concludes by recommending that researchers who face ethical dilemmas associated with the use of social media maintain an ongoing dialogue with their relevant ethics committees and other researchers to identify potential solutions and to share their findings.

scholarly journals The ‘problem’ of undesigned relationality: Ethnographic fieldwork, dual roles and research ethics

Ethnography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Bell
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Procedural Ethics ◽  
The Ideal

Perhaps the most unique feature of ethnographic fieldwork is the distinctive form of relationality it entails, where the ethnographer's identity as a researcher is not fixed in the way typical of most other forms of research. In this paper, I explore how this ‘undesigned relationality’ is understood, both in procedural ethics frameworks and by the different disciplines that have come to claim a stake in the ‘method’ itself. Demonstrating that the ethical issues it entails are primarily conceptualized via the lens of the ‘dual role’, I use this as a means of exploring the ideal relationship between researcher and subject that procedural ethics frameworks are premised upon. I go on to explore the epistemological differences in ways that ethnographers themselves understand and respond to the multiple forms of relationality that characterize fieldwork and the challenge this poses to the possibility of a pan-disciplinary consensus on ethnographic research ethics.

scholarly journals The researcher’s participant roles in ethical data collection of Autistic interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S.Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Collection Process ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Participant Roles

The method of participant-observation is fundamental to ethnomethodological, ethnographic video-based fieldwork. Collecting data of the embodied interactions of non-speaking Autistic individuals surfaces questions that are central to the nature of video-based fieldwork: What are the technical and interactional challenges of navigating the researcher’s multiple participant roles during data collection? What are ethical issues that arise with emergent participant roles during data collection? Grounded in two contrasting pieces of data—one of two siblings in a display of intimacy, and another of a student displaying distress—this paper examines the multiple participant roles the EMCA researcher navigates moment-by-moment during the data collection process. Studying these roles unearths participant orientations to the camera, the complex interactional work undertaken by the researcher, and ethical dilemmas when the positionality of the researcher becomes blurred.

Ethical Issues in Private Practice: A Phenomenological Investigation of Music Therapy Business Owners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Wilhelm ◽  
Lindsey Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Music Therapists

Abstract As a music therapy private practice is both a business and a healthcare service, it should adhere to ethical standards from both disciplines. However, this topic has rarely been examined in the music therapy literature. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore ethical dilemmas experienced by music therapy business owners (MTBOs) in their private practice and how MTBOs avoid or address ethical dilemmas. Utilizing convenience and snowball sampling techniques, 21 MTBOs in the United States were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. To answer the two areas of inquiry, we identified three themes and 12 subthemes: (1) Ethical issues related to client welfare, (2) Ethical issues related to business relationships and operation, and (3) Strategies to address or avoid ethical dilemmas. MTBOs also shared how they ensure ethical behavior in themselves, with their employees or independent contractors, and when interacting with professionals outside the private practice. These findings provide a better understanding of MTBOs’ lived experiences of ethics in their private practice and may benefit other music therapists who are in private practice or are wanting to go into private practice. Limitations and recommendations for further research are provided.

scholarly journals Ethical Issues around Death and Withdrawal of Life Support in Neonatal Intensive Care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuti Pant
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Brain Injured ◽  
Discharge Against Medical Advice

AbstractAmongst all the traumatic experiences in a human life, death of child is considered the most painful, and has profound and lasting impact on the life of parents. The experience is even more complex when the death occurs within a neonatal intensive care unit, particularly in situations where there have been conflicts associated with decisions regarding the redirection of life-sustaining treatments. In the absence of national guidelines and legal backing, clinicians are faced with a dilemma of whether to prolong life-sustaining therapy even in the most brain-injured infants or allow a discharge against medical advice. Societal customs, vagaries, and lack of bereavement support further complicate the experience for parents belonging to lower socio-economic classes. The present review explores the ethical dilemmas around neonatal death faced by professionals in India, and suggests some ways forward.

ETHICAL ISSUES IN PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS IN PAKISTAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (07) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Nanik Ram ◽  
Immamuddin Khoso ◽  
Muhammad Bachal Jamali ◽  
Faiz.M. Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Members

This research addressed the ethical issues in Private Commercial Banks in Pakistan. Data were collected from 500 respondents/Customers from cross sectional data by using simple random technique and data were analyses by using SPSS-18 version. A structural questionnaire was used as basic tool for data collection, analysis, validity and reliability. It was revealed that private commercial banks are not caring for the customers specially, four old Banks UBL, HBL, MCB, ABL. It was further concluded that most of the staff members who interact with the customers is non MBAs so that’s why their attitude towards the customers are not friendly.

Handling Ethical Dilemmas in Multidisciplinary Teams

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Thistlethwaite ◽  
Wendy Hawksworth
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Secondary Health Care

This chapter explores the concept and practice of teamwork and interprofessional collaboration in the support and treatment of clients with mental health problems. Mental health care provision is complex, ethically challenging, and frequently delivered via mental health care teams (MHCT) in both primary and secondary health care settings. We consider how such teams may work together optimally using values-based and client-centered approaches. We discuss the nature of and reasons for conflict arising in multidisciplinary MHCTs, focusing on ethical dilemmas that occur where there is diversity amongst team members in respect of personal, professional, and/or organizational values. The specific ethical issues discussed are: boundary issues; receiving gifts; confidentiality, and involuntary treatment and restraint. Three case studies are used to provide examples of values in action.

scholarly journals Fundamentos del método científico

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H Badii ◽  
A. R. Pazhakh ◽  
José Luis Abreu Quintero ◽  
R Foroughbakhch
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Subject Material

Palabras claves: Ciencia, ECOEE, investigación, métodosResumen. El objetivo de esta obra no radica en realizar una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura en el tema, sino, sentar las bases del método científico, notando los aspectos filosóficos e éticos de la ciencia. Se presentan los conceptos y definiciones fundamentales relacionados con la metodología de la investigación científica. Se maneja el concepto de la toma de los datos válidos como un requisito básico en cualquier trabajo científico. Se pone a disposición del lector un modelo denominado el ECOEE que es una herramienta poderosa para establecer puntos de comparación e discusión entre los resultados de diferentes trabajos científicos. Finalmente, ofrece unas sugerencias de que hacer o no hacer en cuanto a realizar un trabajo de investigación.Key words: ECOEE, methods, research, Science Abstract.The aim of this paper is not to conduct a thorough literature search on the subject material, but to stress the fundamentals of the scientific methodology along with the philosophical and ethical issues thereof. The basic concepts and definitions in relation to research methodology are presented. The concept of data collection as a basic requisite in any scientific work is discussed. The ECOEE model as a strong tool in establishing different points of view and comparison among the results of different scientific works are laid out. Finally, some tips and suggestions are given as what to do or to avoid in conducting scientific research.

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