scholarly journals Validation of an Adapted Version of the Statistical Anxiety Scale in English and Its Relationship to Attitudes Toward Statistics

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402110013
Author(s):  
Monique O’Bryant ◽  
Prathiba Natesan Batley ◽  
Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Statistics Anxiety ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Attitudes Toward Statistics

The aims of this study were to validate an instrument that measured statistics anxiety and to examine how attitudes toward statistics predict statistics anxiety using the Attitudes Toward Statistics (ATS) Scale for a sample of 323 undergraduate social science majors enrolled in colleges and universities in the United States. A confirmatory factor analysis suggested retaining a revised two-factor model of the Statistical Anxiety Scale (SAS) to measure statistics anxiety, namely, help and interpretation anxiety ([Formula: see text] = 49.37, df = 38.13, p = .105, comparative fit index [CFI] = .959, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = .035, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .076). An examination of discriminant validity of the scores of the SAS with scores of the ATS subscales revealed that statistics anxiety and attitudes toward statistics are distinct constructs. Structural equational modeling was used to determine whether attitude toward course and attitude toward field were predictors of examination anxiety and asking for help anxiety. Of the two factors of the ATS scale, attitudes toward field and attitudes toward course, the latter predicted examination anxiety better than the former did, although both were moderate predictors of examination anxiety. We recommend that statistics educators consider the role of statistics anxiety as well as attitudes toward statistics and the field when designing their pedagogical approach.

scholarly journals Factorial Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Stigma (AAQ-S) in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Trigueros ◽  
Noelia Navarro-Gómez ◽  
José M. Aguilar-Parra ◽  
Adolfo J. Cangas
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Gender Invariance ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Psychometric Instrument ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Acceptance And Action Questionnaire ◽  
Fit Index

The objective of the present study was to validate and adapt the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Stigma (AAQ-S) to the Spanish context. Method: The study included the participation of 1212 subjects, with an average age of 17.12 years old. Results: The confirmatory factorial analysis revealed a number of adequate fit indices for the new version of the scale χ2/df = 3.24; Comparative Fit Index = 0.96; Incremental Fit Index = 0.96; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.060; Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.035, in which the factorial structures displayed gender invariance. The two factors comprise the scale both exhibited high internal consistency (+0.90) and temporal stability. Conclusion: The Spanish version of the AAQ-S proved to be a robust and adequate psychometric instrument. In this sense, future lines of research focused on determining the role of psychological flexibility in stigma and the processes of change at the base of interventions could benefit substantially from the use of AAQ-S.

A Structural Model of Adverse Childhood Experiences as Antecedents of Rumination Leading to Lower Hope

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051986819
Author(s):  
Ricky T. Muñoz ◽  
Heather Hanks
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Psychology Literature

Hope is well established within the positive psychology literature as a construct associated with psychological well-being. Recent research has also linked experiences of childhood trauma with lower hope into adulthood. Snyder’s hope theory explains this link by suggesting that rumination, as a byproduct of trauma, limits survivors’ ability to focus on present day goals, thereby lowering hope. To test this proposed link between childhood trauma and lower hope, we conducted two studies using independent samples of adults living in the United States (Study 1: N’ = 258; Study 2: N’ = 374). Per Snyder, the studies modeled childhood trauma as a driver of rumination leading to lower hope. The results of Study 1 indicated that a “full mediation” model, directly representing Snyder’s theory, produced good fit ( χ2 = 254.02, p > .001; df = 131); root mean square error approximation (RMSEA) = .06 (90% confidence interval [CI]: .049, .072); standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = .055; comparative fit index (CFI): .927. A subsequent bootstrapping analysis ( N = 5,000) validated the full mediation model. Study 2 provided identical results, indicating again that a full mediation model of the variables produced good fit. The data from both studies was consistent with Snyder’s understanding of the link between trauma and lower hope. The article concludes with a discussion of the studies’ implications, particularly how the data supports interventions, such as meditation, that may work to help buffer the ruminating impacts of childhood trauma.

scholarly journals The Arabic Version of the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale: Factorial Validity and Measurement Invariance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Amira Mohammed Ali ◽  
Amin Omar Hendawy ◽  
Ohoud Ahmad ◽  
Haleama Al Sabbah ◽  
Linda Smail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Validity Tests

University students experience high levels of stress due to university transition, academic commitments, and financial matters. Higher stress perceptions along with limited coping resources endanger mental health for a considerable number of students and may ruin their performance. The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (10 items), PSS-10, in a sample of 379 female Emeriti students. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in two factors with eigenvalues of 3.88 and 1.19, which explained 60.6% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed good model fits of two correlated factors (Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.962, Tucker–Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.950, standardized root-mean-square residual (SRMR) = 0.0479, and root mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.067). Internal consistency of the PSS-10 and its positive and negative subscales was acceptable (coefficient α = 0.67, 0.79, and 0.86, respectively). Multigroup analysis revealed that the PSS-10 holds invariance across different groups of age, marital status, and financial status (average monthly expenditure). Convergent and concurrent validity tests signify the importance of considering scores of subscales of the PSS-10 along with its total score.

Translating and validating the Health Literacy Questionnaire into Urdu: a robust nine-dimension confirmatory factor model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsan Saleem ◽  
Kathryn J Steadman ◽  
Richard H Osborne ◽  
Adam La Caze
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Fit Statistics ◽  
Health Literacy Questionnaire

Abstract Pakistani migrants are one of the fastest-growing communities in Australia, and the majority speak Urdu at home. There is a lack of information regarding the health literacy of this population. This study aimed to translate the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) into Urdu and to explore its psychometric properties. A structured standardized procedure was followed to translate and validate HLQ into Urdu. Data were collected from 202 Pakistani migrants residing in Australia. The HLQ-Urdu was well understood by the respondents. The structural properties of HLQ-Urdu were close to the original HLQ. Data for all HLQ scales met pre-specified criteria for fit in the one-factor CFA model. The composite reliability was high, ranging from 0.84 to 0.91. A strict nine-factor CFA model was also fitted to the data with no cross-loadings or correlated residuals allowed, which showed excellent model fit statistics [χ2WLSMV = 1266.022 (df = 866, p = 0.000), comparative fit index  = 0.995, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.994, root mean square error of approximation = 0.050 and standardized root mean square residual = 0.069]. The Urdu version of HLQ showed robust psychometric properties. This HLQ-Urdu tool is now ready to be used to assess health literacy in Pakistani migrants in Australia. Availability of health literacy tools in migrant languages may help healthcare providers better understand the health literacy needs of migrant communities.

scholarly journals The psychometric properties of the Barkin index of maternal functioning (BIMF) for the Iranian population

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Jennifer L. Barkin ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽  
Fatemeh Karami ◽  
Solmaz Ghanbari-Homayi
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Maternal Functioning ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Reliability Methods ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Intra Class Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background Mothers’ capability for childcare and compatibility with the maternal role represent important challenges in postpartum care. Given the significance of evaluating maternal functioning, and the lack of adequate standard instruments in Iran for this purpose, the present study was aimed at translating and conducting a psychometric assessment of the Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF) for Iranian women. Methods The instrument was translated into Persian using the Backward Forward method. The study included 530 women in the postpartum period admitted to healthcare centers in Tabriz, Iran; they were selected through the cluster sampling method. Face, content, and construct (through exploratory and confirmatory analyses) validity were presently examined. Reliability of the questionnaire was determined using the internal consistency and test-retest reliability methods. Results Two factors (mom’s needs and competency), emerged based on exploratory factor analysis. The x2/df ratio was less than 5, and the values of the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) and the Root Mean Square Residual (RMR) were less than 0.08 and 0.1, respectively, verifying the model validity. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were calculated as 0.88 and 0.85, respectively, indicating reliability. Conclusion The Persian version of the BIMF is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the postpartum functioning of Iranian mothers.

Reliability and validity of the Statistical Anxiety Scale among students in Singapore and Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. H. Chew ◽  
Denise B. Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Statistics Anxiety ◽  
Psychology Programs ◽  
James Cook ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Attitudes Toward Statistics ◽  
Positive Correlations

Given the negative relationships between statistics anxiety and statistics achievement, it is important for researchers and instructors to have a reliable and valid measure to identify students with statistics anxiety. The purpose of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of Vigil-Colet, Lorenzo-Seva, and Condon's (2008) Statistical Anxiety Scale (SAS) among students in Singapore and Australia. Unlike the commonly used Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale, the SAS provides a specific measure of statistics anxiety. Participants were 197 undergraduates (79.2% female) in the James Cook University Psychology programs at the Singaporean (70.1%) and Australian (29.9 %) campuses. Acceptable internal consistency reliabilities, ranging from 0.88 to 0.95 for the three factors of the SAS, were found in the current study. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that a modified three-factor model best describe the data. Scores on the SAS shared positive correlations with another measure of statistics anxiety, and negative correlations with a measure of attitudes toward statistics. The results provided support for the use of the SAS among Singaporean and Australian psychology undergraduates.

scholarly journals Characterizing Cross-Culturally Relevant Metrics of Stigma Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Across 8 Sub-Saharan African Countries and the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (7) ◽  
pp. 690-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jura L Augustinavicius ◽  
Stefan D Baral ◽  
Sarah M Murray ◽  
Kevon Jackman ◽  
Qian-Li Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Overcoming stigma affecting gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) is a foundational element of an effective response to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic. Quantifying the impact of stigma mitigation interventions necessitates improved measurement of stigma for MSM around the world. In this study, we explored the underlying factor structure and psychometric properties of 13 sexual behavior stigma items among 10,396 MSM across 8 sub-Saharan African countries and the United States using cross-sectional data collected between 2012 and 2016. Exploratory factor analyses were used to examine the number and composition of underlying stigma factors. A 3-factor model was found to be an adequate fit in all countries (root mean square error of approximation = 0.02–0.05; comparative fit index/Tucker-Lewis index = 0.97–1.00/0.94–1.00; standardized root mean square residual = 0.04–0.08), consisting of “stigma from family and friends,” “anticipated health-care stigma,” and “general social stigma,” with internal consistency estimates across countries of α = 0.36–0.80, α = 0.72–0.93, and α = 0.51–0.79, respectively. The 3-factor model of sexual behavior stigma cut across social contexts among MSM in the 9 countries. These findings indicate commonalities in sexual behavior stigma affecting MSM across sub-Saharan Africa and the United States, which can facilitate efforts to track progress on global stigma mitigation interventions.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale Psychometric Properties with a Sample of Greek Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Lavidas ◽  
Dionysios Manesis ◽  
Vasilios Gialamas
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Statistics Anxiety ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The purpose of this study was to adapt the Statistics Anxiety Rating Scale (STARS) for a Greek student population. The STARS was administered to 890 Tertiary Education students in two Greek universities. It was performed a cross-validation study to examine the factorial structure and the psychometric properties with a series of confirmatory factor analyses. Results revealed a correlated six first-order factor model which provided the best fit to the data compared to a six-factor model with one superordinate factor. All six factors of the Greek version of the STARS presented convergent and discriminant validity and were internally consistent. Implications and limitations are discussed.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Millennials and Brand Loyalty: Mediating Brand Loyalty Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Dhameeth, S. Gehan ◽  
Ochi, Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
The Relationship

<p><em>The purpose of this study is to identify factors (brand elements) that mediate between Millennials and brand loyalty, and to test a theoretical model that includes these mediating factors in describing the relationship between millennials and brand loyalty. The study focused on the key factors that we identified and hypothesized to mediate the relationship between millennials and brand loyalty. The quantitative study surveyed two hundred and fifty-three (n=253) respondents randomly drawn. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test a model of the relationship between the mediating factors, millennials and brand loyalty. All model fit parameters were well within acceptable bounds. The Comparative Fit Index (CFI) was 0.999, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was 0.018, and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) was 0.022. However, we believe that the model is over-fitting the data, and this is not surprising given that there are 22 variables and 253 data points. These results show promise, but require further investigation in a second phase of the inquiry. This study limited itself to surveying millennials, brand loyalty, and the seven mediating factors we identified and hypothesized to play a role in mediating between them. Based on this study, brand management strategies are proposed.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Factorial Structure of the EOCL-1 Scale to Assess Executive Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ramos-Galarza ◽  
Jorge Cruz-Cárdenas ◽  
Mónica Bolaños-Pasquel ◽  
Pamela Acosta-Rodas
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Behavioral Observation ◽  
Behavioral Activity ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Fit Index

The process of assessing executive functions through behavioral observation scales is still under theoretical and empirical construction. This article reports on the analysis of the factorial structure of the EOCL-1 scale that assesses executive functions, as proposed by the theory developed by Luria, which has not been previously considered in this type of evaluation. In this scale, the executive functions taken into account are error correction, internal behavioral and cognition regulatory language, limbic system conscious regulation, decision making, future consideration of consequences of actions, goal-directed behavior, inhibitory control of automatic responses, creation of new behavioral repertoires, and cognitive–behavioral activity verification. A variety of validity and reliability analyses were carried out, with the following results: (a) an adequate internal consistency level of executive functions between α = 0.70 and α = 0.83, (b) significant convergent validity with a scale that assesses frontal deficits between r = −0.07 and r = 0.28, and (c) the scale’s construct validity that proposes a model with an executive central factor comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.93, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.04 (LO.04 and HI.04), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.04, and x2(312) = 789.29, p = 0.001. The findings are discussed based on previous literature reports and in terms of the benefits of using a scale to assess the proposed executive functions.

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