scholarly journals Dynamic Stability Assessment of the Lower Limbs of Karate Kyokushin Master Class Athletes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967114S0021
Author(s):  
Tomasz Jurkiewicz ◽  
Daria Mejnartowicz ◽  
Marcin Plenzler ◽  
Anna Mierzwińska ◽  
Marcin Popieluch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Training History ◽  
Left Limb ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
Karate Athletes

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the level of stability of the lower limbs in dynamic conditions in Karate Kyokushin master class athletes. We compared the results of the karate athletes with the control group. In the analysis, both the dominant (kicking) limb and non-dominant (supporting) one were taken into account. Methods: The study involved 22 Karate Kyokushin master class athletes (13 men and 9 women aged 26.5 ± 3.9). This group consisted mainly of European Championships medalists in various weight categories. Their average training history was 14.6 ± 5.1 years. The control group consisted of 18 healthy, active volunteers (14 men and 4 women aged 21.4 ± 1.2). The measurements of dynamic stabilography were made with the Biodex Balance System (BBS) device. The dispersion of sway in the A/P (anterior/posterior) plane, M/L (medial/lateral) plane and overall stability indicator (OSI) were analyzed. The measurements were made with one leg position on the lower right and left limb successively and consisted of three 30-second repetitions at the second stiffness level of the stabilographic platform. For the purpose of further material development, persons declaring the right lower limb as the dominant one were selected in order to make the test and the control group more homogeneous. The results were analyzed statistically using the U-Mann-Whitney test assuming the significance threshold of p≤0.05. To assess the correlation, the Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. Results: The analysis of the results showed a statistically significant difference in the overall stability indicator (OSI) of a non-dominant (supporting) limb between the test and the control groups. The abovementioned dependence concerning the overall indicator was affected mainly by stability parameters obtained in the A/P sagittal plane. A correlation between the training history and the overall stability indicator (OSI) in both limbs of karate athletes was also demonstrated. Namely, the increase in training experience of the athlete correlated with the increase in the stability level of both legs. Other results showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusion: 1. Kyokushin Karate master class athletes are characterized by lower level of stability of a non-dominant (supporting) lower limb in comparison with the control group. 2. The more training history experience the athlete has gained, the higher stability level in both lower limbs they have.

scholarly journals The Effect of Corrective Feedback Exercise on Knee Kinematics and EMG of Lower Limbs of Female Wushu Players

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Rashidi ◽  
Abdolrasoul Daneshjoo ◽  
Seyed Kazem Mousavi Sadati
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Feedback Correction

Introduction: Recent studies have examined the risk factors associated with lower limb injuries. This study aimed to explore the effect of 12 sessions of feedback corrective exercises on the kinematic indicators of the knee and the Electromyography Activity (EMG) of the muscles of the lower limbs of female wushu players. The present study has a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test/post-test design and a control group. Materials and Methods: In this study, 16 female wushu players were selected by the available sampling method and placed in two groups of exercise and control. The exercise group performed feedback correction exercises for 12 sessions. Before and after the knee varus exercises, we measured, pelvic drop, and EMG of the lower limb muscles of both groups     in the SLS movement. The independent two-sample t-test was used to examine intergroup differences and the two-group correlated t-test was used to compare intra group sizes. To analyze the statistical data, SPSS V. 23 was used (P≤0.05) Results: The results showed a significant difference in knee varus between the experiment group and the control group in the pre-test and there was a significant difference between the pelvic drop in the pre-test and post-test of the experiment group compared with the control. The angle of the knee varus in the exercise group showed a significant difference with the control group. The EMG results of the muscles in the pre-test and post-test were significantly different. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, the feedback correction exercise may improve motion control in wushu players. It also improved neuromuscular weakness in the subjects. According to the results and based on less muscle activity during movements, this exercise will reduce fatigue and the risk of injury.

Computed tomography angiography and microsurgical flaps for traumatic wounds: What is the added value?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lucas Sousa Macedo ◽  
Renato Polese Rusig ◽  
Gustavo Bersani Silva ◽  
Alvaro Baik Cho ◽  
Teng Hsiang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Microsurgical flaps are widely used to treat complex traumatic wounds of upper and lower limbs. Few studies have evaluated whether the vascular changes in preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) influence the selection of recipient vessel and type of anastomosis and the microsurgical flaps outcomes including complications. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate if preoperative CTA reduces the occurrence of major complications (revision of the anastomosis, partial or total flap failure, and amputation) of the flaps in upper and lower limb trauma, and to describe and analyze the vascular lesions of the group with CTA and its relationship with complications. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken with all 121 consecutive patients submitted to microsurgical flaps for traumatic lower and upper limb, from 2014 to 2020. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with preoperative CTA (CTA+) and patients not submitted to CTA (CTA–). The presence of postoperative complications was assessed and, within CTA+, we also analyzed the number of patent arteries on CTA and described the arterial lesions. RESULTS: Of the 121 flaps evaluated (84 in the lower limb and 37 in the upper limb), 64 patients underwent preoperative CTA. In the CTA+ group, 56% of patients with free flaps for lower limb had complete occlusion of one artery. CTA+ patients had a higher rate of complications (p = 0.031), which may represent a selection bias as the most complex limb injuries and may have CTA indicated more frequently. The highest rate of complications was observed in chronic cases (p = 0.034). There was no statistically significant difference in complications in patients with preoperative vascular injury or the number of patent arteries. CONCLUSIONS: CTA should not be performed routinely, however, CTA may help in surgical planning, especially in complex cases of high-energy and chronic cases, since it provides information on the best recipient artery and the adequate level to perform the microanastomosis, outside the lesion area.

scholarly journals Motor disability in patients with multiple sclerosis: transcranial magnetic stimulation study

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anssam Bassem Mohy ◽  
Aqeel Kareem Hatem ◽  
Hussein Ghani Kadoori ◽  
Farqad Bader Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Motor Evoked Potential ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conduction Time ◽  
Motor Disability

Abstract Background Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive procedure used in a small targeted region of the brain via electromagnetic induction and used diagnostically to measure the connection between the central nervous system (CNS) and skeletal muscle to evaluate the damage that occurs in MS. Objectives The study aims to investigate whether single-pulse TMS measures differ between patients with MS and healthy controls and to consider if these measures are associated with clinical disability. Patients and methods Single-pulse TMS was performed in 26 patients with MS who hand an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 0 and 9.5 and in 26 normal subjects. Different TMS parameters from upper and lower limbs were investigated. Results TMS disclosed no difference in all MEP parameters between the right and left side of the upper and lower limbs in patients with MS and controls. In all patients, TMS parameters were different from the control group. Upper limb central motor conduction time (CMCT) was prolonged in MS patients with pyramidal signs. Upper and lower limb CMCT and CMCT-f wave (CMCT-f) were prolonged in patients with ataxia. Moreover, CMCT and CMCT-f were prolonged in MS patients with EDSS of 5–9.5 as compared to those with a score of 0–4.5. EDSS correlated with upper and lower limb cortical latency (CL), CMCT, and CMCT-f whereas motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude not. Conclusion TMS yields objective data to evaluate clinical disability and its parameters correlated well with EDSS.

scholarly journals Unilateral and Bilateral Strength Asymmetry among Young Elite Athletes of Various Sports

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Maros Kalata ◽  
Tomas Maly ◽  
Mikulas Hank ◽  
Jakub Michalek ◽  
David Bujnovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strength Asymmetry ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Objective Type

Background and objective: Type of physical activity may influence morphological and muscular asymmetries in the young population. However, less is known about the size of this effect when comparing various sports. The aim of this study was to identify the degree of bilateral asymmetry (BA) and the level of unilateral ratio (UR) between isokinetic strength of knee extensors (KE) and flexors (KF) among athletes of three different types of predominant locomotion in various sports (symmetric, asymmetric and hybrid). Material and methods: The analyzed group consisted of young elite athletes (n = 50). The maximum peak muscle torque of the KE and KF in both the dominant (DL) and non-dominant (NL) lower limb during concentric muscle contraction at an angular velocity of 60°·s−1 was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: Data analysis showed a significant effect of the main factor (the type of sport) on the level of monitored variables (p = 0.004). The type of sport revealed a significant difference in the bilateral ratio (p = 0.01). The group of symmetric and hybrid sports achieved lower values (p = 0.01) of BA in their lower limb muscles than those who played asymmetric sports. The hybrid sports group achieved higher UR values (p = 0.01) in both lower limbs. Conclusions: The results indicate that sports with predominantly symmetrical, asymmetrical, and hybrid types of locomotion affected the size of the BA, as well as the UR between KE and KF in both legs in young athletes. We recommend paying attention to regular KE and KF strength diagnostics in young athletes and optimizing individual compensatory exercises if a higher ratio of strength asymmetry is discovered.

Deficits in anticipatory inhibition of postural muscle activity associated with load release while standing in individuals with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 1996-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehito Tomita ◽  
Yoshiki Fukaya ◽  
Kenji Totsuka ◽  
Yuri Tsukahara
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Limb Muscles ◽  
Postural Muscle ◽  
Load Release

This study aimed to determine whether individuals with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (SDCP) have deficits in anticipatory inhibition of postural muscle activity. Nine individuals with SDCP (SDCP group, 3 female and 6 male, 13–24 yr of age) and nine age- and sex-matched individuals without disability (control group) participated in this study. Participants stood on a force platform, which was used to measure the position of the center of pressure (CoP), while holding a light or heavy load in front of their bodies. They then released the load by abducting both shoulders. Surface electromyograms were recorded from the rectus abdominis, erector spinae (ES), rectus femoris (RF), medial hamstring (MH), tibialis anterior (TA), and gastrocnemius (GcM) muscles. In the control group, anticipatory inhibition before load release and load-related modulation of the inhibition were observed in all the dorsal muscles recorded (ES, MH, and GcM). In the SDCP group, similar results were obtained in the trunk muscle (ES) but not in the lower limb muscles (MH and GcM), although individual differences were seen, especially in MH. Anticipatory activation of the ventral lower limb muscles (RF and TA) and load-related modulation of the activation were observed in both participant groups. CoP path length during load release was longer in the SDCP group than in the control group. The present findings suggest that individuals with SDCP exhibit deficits in anticipatory inhibition of postural muscles at the dorsal part of the lower limbs, which is likely to result in a larger disturbance of postural equilibrium.

scholarly journals Value of Entheseal Ultrasonography and Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein in the Preclinical Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. CMAMD.S4461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Mohamed Farouk ◽  
Afaf Abdel Alim Mostafa ◽  
Sahar S. Youssef ◽  
Moataz Mohammed Samy Elbeblawy ◽  
Naglaa Youssef Assaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preclinical Diagnosis ◽  
Group Ii

Objective To evaluate the utility of entheseal ultrasonography and serum COMP in the preclinical diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis. Methods 60 psoriatic patients were divided into: 30 patients with psoriasis (group I) and 30 patients with psoriatic arthritis as control (group II). They underwent independent clinical and ultrasonographic examination of both lower limbs at the calcaneal insertions of Achilles tendons. Psoriatic arthritis disease activity and severity was assessed by modified DAS28 and Steinbrockers scores. Serum levels of COMP were measured for all patients by ELISA. Results On clinical examination, no entheseal abnormalities were detected in group I while they were present in 23.3% of group II with statistically significant difference between them ( P < 0.001). Ultrasonographic entheseal abnormalities were detected in 33.3% of group I and in 46.7% of group II with no significant difference between them ( P > 0.05). Serum COMP were significantly elevated in group I and II with no statistically significant difference between them (mean ± SD 5.9 ± 3 and 6.8 ± 12 respectively, P > 0.05). Entheseal ultrasound was more specific (67%) while serum COMP was more sensitive (87%) in the preclinical diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis. Serum COMP levels were significantly correlated with CRP in both groups and with DAS28 and Steinbrockers scores in group II ( P < 0.01). Conclusion Entheseal ultrasonography and serum COMP levels may be used complementary to each other for preclinical diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis. Serum COMP seems to be promising prognostic marker for psoriatic arthritis patients.

scholarly journals Dysfunctional muscle activities and co-contraction in the lower-limb of lumbar disc herniation patients during walking

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Hui Wei ◽  
Runxiu Shi ◽  
Leitong Lin ◽  
Lechi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Support Phase

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate lower-limb muscle activities in gait phases and co-contraction of one gait cycle in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). This study enrolled 17 LDH patients and 17 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals. Bilateral muscle activities of the rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris long head (BL), tibialis anterior (TA), and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) during walking were recorded. The gait cycle was divided into four phases by the heel strike and top off according to the kinematics tracks. Root mean square (RMS), mean frequency (MF), and co-contraction of surface electromyography signals were calculated. The LDH patients showed enhanced BL RMS during the single support phase (SS), second double support phase, and swing phase (SW) as well as decreased MF of RF during SS and of TA and LG during SW (p < 0.05). The co-contraction of the TA-LG was increased in LDH patients than in the control group (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between TA-LG co-contraction (affected side, r = 0.557, p = 0.020; contralateral side, r = 0.627, p = 0.007) and the Oswestry disability index scores in LDH patients. LDH patients have increased BL firing rate and insufficient motor unit recruitment in specific phases in the lower limbs during walking. Dysfunction in LDH patients was associated with immoderate intermuscular co-contraction of the TA-LG during walking.

scholarly journals The Comparison between Isokinetic Knee Muscles Strength in the Ipsilateral and Contralateral Limbs and Correlating with Function of Patients with Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 683-689
Author(s):  
Fayaz Khan ◽  
Haris Anjamparuthikal ◽  
Mohamed Faisal Chevidikunnan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
Torque Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Knee Muscle

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to compare the isokinetic knee muscles peak torque measurements and proprioception between the affected and intact limbs of patients with stroke, in addition to finding the correlation between knee muscles strength and lower limb function. Methods Twelve patients with stroke (mean age 64.33 ± 6.140 years), with 3 to 7 months poststroke who can walk 25 feet independently without using or using assistive devices and full passive range of motion were included in the study. Biodex isokinetic dynamometer was used for measuring isokinetic strength at 90°/s, 120°/s, and 150°/s and isometric strength at 60°/s in both flexors and extensors of the knee, whereas proprioception was measured at 45°/s knee flexion, all for affected and intact limbs. Functional measurements were assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Lower Limb scale and Barthel Index (BI). Results The differences shown were found to be statistically significant between affected and intact limbs in isokinetic 90°/s flexion (p = 0.005), extension (p = 0.0013), and isometric at 60°/s flexion (p < 0.0001) knee muscle strengths and also the proprioception (p = 0.05). Significant positive correlation was found between isokinetic affected side knee flexion at 90°/s (r = 0.903) with BI (r = 0.704). Conclusion There is a significant difference in peak torque measurements between affected and normal lower limbs of poststroke patients, as well as a significant correlation between the knee strength and lower limb functions. Furthermore, it can also be concluded that the differences in knee proprioception between the affected and intact limbs were shown to be significant.

scholarly journals Accelerometer-Based Navigation in Total Knee Arthroplasty for the Management of Extra-Articular Deformity and Retained Femoral Hardware: Analysis of Component Alignment

Joints ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cozzi Lepri ◽  
Matteo Innocenti ◽  
Fabrizio Matassi ◽  
Marco Villano ◽  
Roberto Civinini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Total Knee

Abstract Purpose Recent advances in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) include an accelerometer portable system designed to improve component position and alignment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether accelerometer navigation system can be a valuable option in complex TKAs for extra-articular deformity of the lower limb or in case of retained femoral hardware. Methods A group of 13 patients underwent TKA with an accelerometer navigation system. Three patients had a tibial extra-articular deformity, six had a femoral extra-articular deformity, and four had an intramedullary nail in the femur. Preoperative and postoperative mechanical axes were measured from full-length lower extremity radiographs to evaluate alignment. The alignment of prosthetic components in the frontal and sagittal planes was determined by postoperative radiographs. Results At 30-days postoperative radiographic check, the hip knee ankle angle was within 2.0° (0 ± 1) of the neutral mechanical axis. The alignment of the tibial component on the frontal plane was 90.0° (range 89–91) and on the sagittal plane 5.0° (range 3–7). The alignment of the femoral component on the frontal plane was 90.0° (range 89–91) and on the sagittal plane 3.0° (range 0–5). Conclusion The alignment of the prosthetic components has been accurate and comparable to other navigation systems in literature without any increase in surgical times. The accelerometer-based navigation system is therefore a useful technique that can be used to optimize TKA alignment in patients with extra-articular deformity or with lower limb hardware, where the intramedullary guides cannot be applied. Level of Evidence This is an observational study without a control group, Level III.

Effect of prosthetic ankle units on the gait of persons with bilateral trans-femoral amputations

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexyne L. McNealy ◽  
Steven A. Gard
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Ankle Motion

In able-bodied individuals, the ankle joint functions to provide shock absorption, aid in foot clearance during the swing phase, and provides a rocker mechanism during stance phase to facilitate forward progression of the body. Prosthetic ankles currently used by persons with lower limb amputations provide considerably less function than their anatomical counterparts. However, increased ankle motion in the sagittal plane may improve the gait of persons with lower limb amputations while providing a more versatile prosthesis. The primary aim of this study was to examine and quantify temporal-spatial, kinematic, and kinetic changes in the gait of four male subjects with bilateral trans-femoral amputations who walked with and without prosthetic ankle units. Two prosthesis configurations were examined: (i) Baseline with only two Seattle LightFoot2 prosthetic feet, and (ii) with the addition of Endolite Multiflex Ankle units. Data from the gait analyses were compared between prosthetic configurations and with a control group of able-bodied subjects. The amputee subjects' freely-selected walking speeds, 0.74 ± 0.19 m/s for the Baseline condition and 0.81 ± 0.15 m/s with the ankle units, were much less than that of the control subjects (1.35 ± 0.10 m/s). The amputee subjects demonstrated no difference in walking speed, step length, cadence, or ankle, knee, and hip joint moments and powers between the two prosthesis configurations. Sagittal plane ankle range of motion, however, increased by 3–8° with the addition of the prosthetic ankle units. Compared to the control group, following initial contact the amputee subjects passively increased the rate of energy storage or dissipation at the prosthetic ankle joint, actively increased the power generation at the hip, and increased the extension moment at the hip while wearing the prosthetic ankle configuration. The amputee subjects increased the power generation at their hips, possibly as compensation for the reduced rate of energy return at their prosthetic ankles. Results from subject questionnaires administered following the gait analyses revealed that the prosthetic ankle units provided more comfort during gait and did not increase the perceived effort to walk. The subjects also indicated that they preferred walking with the prosthetic ankle units compared to the Baseline configuration. The results of the study showed that the prosthetic ankle units improved sagittal plane ankle range of motion and increased the comfort and functionality of the amputee subjects’ prostheses by restoring a significant portion of the ankle rocker mechanism during stance phase. Therefore, prosthetic ankle mechanisms should be considered a worthwhile option when prostheses are prescribed for persons with trans-femoral amputations.

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