scholarly journals Training with Lighter Baseballs Increases Velocity Without Increasing Injury Risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7_suppl6) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0034
Author(s):  
Peter Chalmers ◽  
Rocco Bassora ◽  
Chris Inzerillo ◽  
Andrew Beharrie ◽  
Anthony Romeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
Velocity Data ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Baseball Pitcher ◽  
The Cost

Objectives: Pitch velocity has become an increasingly popular metric by which pitchers are graded and compared. Training programs that utilize weighted balls have been effective in increasing velocity but at the cost of increased injury risk. The purpose of this study was to determine if a baseball pitcher-training program utilizing lighter baseballs could increase fastball velocity without increasing injury risk. The author’s hypothesized that the training program with lighter baseballs would increase fastball velocity without causing injuries during the training program to the participants Methods: All baseball pitchers who participated in a 15-week pitching mechanic and velocity training program were included. Training program was broken down into three phases, and each participant went through the same program. Lighter balls (4oz and 3oz) and standard baseballs (5oz) were utilized as part of the training program. Weighted (heavier) balls were not used. Velocity was measured at four time points throughout the program. Injury rates for all players were recorded throughout the entire program. Results: 48 male pitchers aged 10-17 (average age: 14.7 +/- 1.8) years started the program and 44 had complete data and were included in the analysis. No pitcher sustained a baseball-related injury while participating in the training program (one player broke his ankle playing basketball, one player moved, one did not have baseline velocity data, and one experienced biceps soreness after participating in back to back showcases against recommendations). Fastball velocity increased by an average of 4.8mph (95% confidence intervals 4.1 - 5.5mph). Overall 43/44 players (98%) had an increase in fastball velocity over the course of the program. Conclusions: A 15-week baseball pitcher-training program with lighter baseballs significantly improved pitching velocity without significantly increasing injuries. Lighter baseballs should be considered instead of weighted baseballs when attempting to increase a pitcher’s velocity.

scholarly journals Training With Lighter Baseballs Increases Velocity Without Increasing the Injury Risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 232596712091050
Author(s):  
Brandon J. Erickson ◽  
Thomas R. Atlee ◽  
Peter N. Chalmers ◽  
Rocco Bassora ◽  
Christopher Inzerillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Elbow Injury ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Single Location ◽  
The Cost

Background: Pitch velocity has become an increasingly popular metric by which pitchers are graded and compared. Training programs that utilize weighted balls have been effective in increasing velocity but at the cost of an increased injury risk. No studies have evaluated training with lighter baseballs with regard to increasing pitch velocity and the injury risk. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a training program utilizing lighter baseballs could increase fastball velocity without increasing the injury risk to participants. We hypothesized that a training program with lighter baseballs would increase fastball velocity but not increase the injury risk. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All baseball pitchers who participated in a 15-week program at a single location, with the same coaches, and aimed to improve pitching mechanics and increase velocity were included. The training program was broken down into 3 phases, and each participant went through the same program. Lighter baseballs (3 and 4 oz) and standard baseballs (5 oz) were utilized as part of the training program. Weighted (heavier) balls were not used. Velocity was measured at 4 time points throughout the program with the pitcher throwing 5 fastballs using a standard 5-oz ball at maximum velocity (sessions 3, 10, 17, and 25). Injuries for all players were recorded throughout the entire program. Results: A total of 44 male pitchers aged 10 to 17 years (mean age, 14.7 ± 1.8 years) completed the training program and were available for analysis. No pitcher sustained a shoulder or elbow injury during the course of the training program. Fastball velocity increased by a mean of 4.8 mph (95% CI, 4.0-5.6 mph) ( P < .001). Overall, 43 of 44 players (98%) had an increase in fastball velocity over the course of the program. Conclusion: A 15-week pitching training program with lighter baseballs significantly improved pitching velocity without causing any injuries, specifically to the shoulder or elbow. Lighter baseballs should be considered as an alternative to weighted baseballs when attempting to increase a pitcher’s velocity.

Peace Corps Training for Africa

1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 24-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Brokensha
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Peace Corps ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

Most of the Fellows of the African Studies Association have participated in at least one Peace Corps training program, so that they have an interest in, and opinions on, this subject. The present article summarizes the major factors of training programs, outlines the main characteristics of the projects in Africa and of the volunteers, and then considers some aspects of the relationship between the Peace Corps and the universities. Finally, there is a detailed summary of all Peace Corps training programs for Africa, from the first one in June 1961 through the summer of 1965. Forty-four different universities, colleges, or other organizations have produced 132 programs for 19 different African countries, and some 6,000 volunteers have successfully completed the training and gone to serve with the Peace Corps in Africa (the usual service period spent in Africa is two years). The first step in the establishment of a training program is a discussion between an interested university and the Training Division of the Peace Corps, followed by a series of negotiations which culminate in a formal contract. The contract specifies the duration of the program, the number and educational background of trainees, the faculty who will participate, the details of phases of training, and the country and project for which the trainees are being prepared. An important part of the contract is the budget, the cost generally being a little more than $200 per trainee per week.

70. Supporting IMG integration into residency trainings

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
S. Glover Takahashi ◽  
M. Alameddine ◽  
D. Martin ◽  
S. Verma ◽  
S. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
International Medical ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Medical Trainees ◽  
Personal Wellness

This paper is describes the design, development, implementation and evaluation of a preparatory training program for international medical trainees. The program was offered for one week full time shortly before they begin their residency training programs. First the paper reports on the survey and focus groups that guided the learning objectives and the course content. Next the paper describes the curriculum development phase and reports on the topical themes, session goals and objectives and learning materials. Three main themes emerged when developing the program: understanding the educational, health and practice systems in Canada; development of communication skills; and supporting personal success in residency training including self assessment, reflection and personal wellness. Sample lesson plans and handouts from each of the theme areas are illustrated. The comprehensive evaluation of the sessions and the overall program is then also described. The paper then summarizes the identified key issues and challenges in the design and implementation of a preparatory training program for international medical trainees before they begin their residency training programs. Allan GM, Manca D, Szafran O, Korownyk C. Workforce issues in general surgery. Am Surg. 2007 Feb; 73(2):100-8. Dauphinee, WD. The circle game: understanding physician migration patterns within Canada. Acad Med. 2006 (Dec); 81(12 Suppl):S49-54. Spike NA. International medical graduates: the Australian perspective. Academic Medicine. 2006 (Sept); 81(9):842-6.

52. Simulation based training improves resident competence in the performance of critical resuscitation procedures

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
I. Rigby ◽  
I. Walker ◽  
T. Donnon ◽  
D. Howes ◽  
J. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Procedural Skills ◽  
Simulation Based

We sought to assess the impact of procedural skills simulation training on residents’ competence in performing critical resuscitation skills. Our study was a prospective, cross-sectional study of residents from three residency training programs (Family Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Internal Medicine) at the University of Calgary. Participants completed a survey measuring competence in the performance of the procedural skills required to manage hemodynamic instability. The study intervention was an 8 hour simulation based training program focused on resuscitation procedure psychomotor skill acquisition. Competence was criterion validated at the Right Internal Jugular Central Venous Catheter Insertion station by an expert observer using a standardized checklist (Observed Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) format). At the completion of the simulation course participants repeated the self-assessment survey. Descriptive Statistics, Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Paired Sample t-test statistical tools were applied to the analyze the data. Thirty-five of 37 residents (9 FRCPC Emergency Medicine, 4 CCFP-Emergency Medicine, 17 CCFP, and 5 Internal Medicine) completed both survey instruments and the eight hour course. Seventy-two percent of participants were PGY-1 or 2. Mean age was 30.7 years of age. Cronbach’s alpha for the survey instrument was 0.944. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient was 0.69 (p < 0.001) for relationship between Expert Assessment and Self-Assessment. The mean improvement in competence score pre- to post-intervention was 6.77 (p < 0.01, 95% CI 5.23-8.32). Residents from a variety of training programs (Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Family Medicine) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in competence with critical resuscitation procedural skills following an intensive simulation based training program. Self-assessment of competence was validated using correlation data based on expert assessments. Dawson S. Procedural simulation: a primer. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2006; 17(2.1):205-13. Vozenilek J, Huff JS, Reznek M, Gordon JA. See one, do one, teach one: advanced technology in medical education. Acad Emerg Med. 2004; 11(11):1149-54. Ziv A, Wolpe PR, Small SD, Glick S. Simulation-based medical education: an ethical imperative. Acad Med. 2003; 78(8):783-8.

PRACTICAL BASE OF FORMULATING RETRAINING PROGRAMS ON ETHNIC MINORITY AFFAIRS KNOWLEDGE FOR CADRES, CIVIL SERVANTS UP TO 2030

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Dung ◽  
Giang Khac Binh
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Political System ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Political ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past

As developing programs is the core in fostering knowledge on ethnic work for cadres and civil servants under Decision No. 402/QD-TTg dated 14/3/2016 of the Prime Minister, it is urgent to build training program on ethnic minority affairs for 04 target groups in the political system from central to local by 2020 with a vision to 2030. The article highlighted basic issues of practical basis to design training program of ethnic minority affairs in the past years; suggested solutions to build the training programs in integration and globalization period.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Investigation: Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Occupational Specific Training Program to Improve Lower Body Strength and Speed for Law Enforcement Officers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7685
Author(s):  
Ian Bonder ◽  
Andrew Shim ◽  
Robert G. Lockie ◽  
Tara Ruppert
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
Post Shift

Based on current law enforcement officer (LEO) duties, musculoskeletal injury risk is elevated due to the unpredictable nature of physically demanding tasks. The purpose of this 4-week study was to determine the effectiveness of a 15-min post-shift standardized occupational specific training program. The standardized program was designed to improve lower-body strength and speed to aid physically demanding task performance. Seven male LEOs completed the program after their 12-h shift. Subjects were required to use the department fitness center to perform the 15-min standardized program consisting of a dynamic warm-up, 4 sets of 3 repetitions on hex-bar deadlift and four 20-m sprints. Two minutes of rest was required between each set of 3 repetitions on hex-bar deadlift and 1 min of rest between each 20-m sprint. A dependent T-test was used between pre-test and post-test scores for hex-bar deadlift (HBD) and sprint. Data revealed significant improvements in relative lower-body strength with HBD (p ≤ 0.001). However, insignificant results were demonstrated with the 20-m sprint (p ≤ 0.262). In conclusion, a 15-min post-shift workout can improve lower-body strength as measured by the hex-bar deadlift. However, data indicated running speed may require a different training approach to improve the 20-m sprint.

Strategies for Facilitating Ongoing Communication Between Clinical Education Coordinators and Preceptors

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Sara Nottingham
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Phone Calls

Communication between athletic training programs and preceptors is not only an accreditation requirement, but also a mechanism to foster effective clinical education experiences. Communicating regularly with preceptors can provide them with feedback and help demonstrate their value to the athletic training program. Improved communication between academic and clinical education has been identified as a need in athletic training. Ongoing communication can be facilitated in a variety of formal and informal ways, including preceptor newsletters, site visits, questionnaires, meetings, and phone calls. Clinical education coordinators should select methods of communication that meet the needs of their program and preceptors.

Programi za razvoj didaktičkih kompetencija univerzitetskih nastavnika i ciljevi nastave visokoškolskog obrazovanja

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
Zorica Milošević ◽  
Snežana Medić
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Teaching Goals

In this paper we analyzed the path and process of developing ideas and programs for the development of university teachers' competencies, barriers and resistance to such programs that we shared with other universities, but also the successes we have achieved. The paper presents and analyzes the results of the research about university teaching goals of the Belgrade University teachers participating in such a training program, with the results from which it is evident why they are needed and what training programs are needed for university teachers.

scholarly journals Impact of a training program on the performance of graduating Canadian residents on a national urology exam: Results of the last 20 years

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naji J. Touma ◽  
Darren T. Beiko ◽  
Andrew E. MacNeily ◽  
Michael J. Leveridge
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Certification Exams ◽  
Certification Exam ◽  
Individual Program ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oral Component

Introduction: Many factors impact the performance of graduating residents on certification exams. It is thought that most factors are related to the individual candidate’s ability, motivation, and work ethic. Less understood, however, is whether a training program has any impact on the preparation and performance of its graduates on certification exams. We present 20 years of results of a national preparatory exam that all graduating residents complete about three months before the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) qualifying urology exam. This exam, known colloquially as QUEST, aims to simulate the RCPSC exam with written and oral components. We aimed to analyze the impact of a training program on the performance of its residents. Methods: A retrospective review of exam results from 1997–2016 was conducted. During that time, 495 candidates from all 12 Canadian urology training programs undertook the exam. The performance of graduating residents from each individual program was grouped together for any given year. The different programs were anonymized, as the aim of this study is to assess the impact of a training program and not to rate the different programs. Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA was conducted. Results: All training programs fall within one standard deviation of the mean for the written component, the oral component, and the overall score. The residents of four training programs had statistically better scores than the overall mean of the written component. The residents of three out of these four training programs also had statistically better scores than the overall mean of the oral component and the overall results of the exam. Conclusions: Most Canadian training programs prepare their residents adequately for this simulated certification exam in urology. However, there are some training programs that consistently prepare graduating residents to outperform their peers.

scholarly journals Designing the structure and the content of the programs of the postgraduate training taking into account the experience of the European Doctor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.У. Матушанский ◽  
О.Р. Кудаков ◽  
Г.В. Завада ◽  
А.Р. Гатиятова
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Doctoral Studies ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Postgraduate Training Program ◽  
Student Training ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Graduate Student Training ◽  
Educational Component

Целью работы является проектирование индивидуальных образовательных маршрутов исследовательской составляющей аспирантской подготовки в России на базе учета позитивного опыта европейской докторантуры. Достижения российской аспирантуры и европейской докторантуры рассматривались с помощью метода сравнительного анализа. В основу указанного проектирования положены системный и компетентностный подходы, использовались методы моделирования и проектирования. При построении образовательных маршрутов аспирантов использовался метод структурных графов. В результате проведенного исследования выявлен позитивный опыт организации зарубежной докторской подготовки и дан вариант проектирования структуры и содержания программы подготовки аспирантов. На примере университетов ряда стран предложены введение зачетных единиц на исследовательскую часть образовательной составляющей отечественной аспирантской программы подготовки, а также оценка стоимости определенных видов исследовательских действий. Разработаны варианты образовательных маршрутов исследовательской части подготовки аспирантов по естественно-математическому, инженерно-техническому и социально-гуманитарному направлениям. Результаты исследования дают возможность на основе введения зачетных единиц в исследовательскую часть аспирантской подготовки выработать критериальную систему оценки готовности аспирантов к итоговой аттестации. Разработанные варианты образовательных маршрутов позволяют более продуктивно осуществлять реализацию в целом аспирантской подготовки. The aim of the work is to design the structure and content of postgraduate programs in Russia at the third level of higher education based on the positive experience of European doctoral studies. Achievements of European and Russian doctoral studies were examined using the comparative analysis method. The design of the structure and content of postgraduate training programs is based on a systematic approach, modeling and design methods were used. The method of structural graphs was used to build educational routes for graduate students. As a result of the study, positive experience in organizing foreign doctoral training was revealed and a design option for the structure and content of the graduate student training program was given. On the example of universities in a number of countries, the following are proposed: the introduction of credit units on the research part of the educational component of the domestic postgraduate training program, as well as the assessment of the cost of certain types of research activities. As a result of the study, positive experience in organizing foreign doctoral training was revealed and a design option for the structure and content of the graduate student training program was given. On the example of universities in a number of countries, the following are proposed: the introduction of credit units on the research part of the educational component of the domestic postgraduate training program, as well as the assessment of the cost of certain types of research activities. Variants of educational routes have been developed for the research part of postgraduate training in natural-mathematical, engineering-technical and social-humanitarian areas. The results of the study allow, on the basis of the introduction of credits in the research part of postgraduate training, to develop a criteria-based system for assessing the readiness of graduate students for final certification. The developed educational route options allow for more productive implementation of postgraduate training as a whole.

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