scholarly journals Exploring Factors That Influence Children’s Growth and Development During a Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110424
Author(s):  
Kimiya Amjadi
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Breathing Exercises

The potential long-term impacts of natural or man-made disasters on children and adolescents have been the subject of numerous scientific research studies over the past decades. Since the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic, however, it has become even more important to continue these investigations in order to address the special needs of our youth. While the virus itself appears to cause less pathology in them compared to adults, the effects go beyond the disease itself. The pandemic has caused extremely high levels of stress for both the children and their families. As a result, special attention has to be given to the possible long-term impacts on their growth and development. It is very important for physicians and other healthcare providers to recognize the signs and symptoms of stress and monitor for physical and mental health inequities, and to be able to provide support when help is needed. Identifying culturally effective solutions and reaching out to community based organizations or partners for resources and programs with which families identify is an important part of this healing provision. Mind-body therapies and practices such as meditation, visualization, breathing exercises, Movazeneh®, and Tamarkoz® are effective complementary therapies that can be utilized in pediatrics and help children and adolescents learn self-care skills that they could apply throughout their lives. Health providers should become educated in these safe and noninvasive techniques themselves, and consider them as possible therapeutic approaches for the treatment of stress in their pediatric patients.

Hyperventilation Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Long-Term Follow-up

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Herman ◽  
Gunnar B. Stickler ◽  
Alexander R. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Hyperventilation Syndrome ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Chronic Anxiety ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Records of 34 hyperventilating children aged 18 years or younger seen at the Mayo Clinic over a 25-year period were reviewed. Five different clinical subtypes were identified. Evaluation and treatment varied considerably. At follow-up, 40% were still hyperventilating as adults, and many had signs and symptoms of chronic anxiety. Hyperventilation in childhood can be a signal that the child is experiencing severe anxiety, which may persist into adulthood.

Infections

2019 ◽  
pp. 995-1002
Author(s):  
Scott D. Oates
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Surgical Intervention

Because of their exposed nature during human activities, infections of the hand are common. The anatomy of the hand and fingers also lends itself to unique types of infections that do not occur in other areas of the body, such as paronychia, felons, and fungal infections. Because of these unique types of infections, early surgical intervention is often necessary to prevent long-term functional sequelae. This requires healthcare providers to be knowledgeable of the signs and symptoms of these distinct infections in order to effectively treat these patients. This chapter describes many common hand infections and their treatment options.

scholarly journals Bulling and Cyberbullying: Problem of the Modern Teenager

2021 ◽  
pp. 413-419
Author(s):  
E. V. Anufrieva ◽  
E. S. Naboychenko ◽  
O. P. Kovtun
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Background. Russia is one of the top ten European countries with high level of bullying and ranks second in cyberbullying among adolescents. Involvement in bullying and virtual aggression has immediate and long-term consequences for all parties to the conflict, including witnesses. Immediate consequences can be manifested as violation in adaptation and socialization of children and adolescents; long-term consequences can be mental disorders in emotionally labile schoolchildren. School bullying is always distinguished by its cruelty and intransigence.Objective. The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence of bullying and cyberbullying among boys and girls aged 11, 13 and 15 years studying in educational organizations in Yekaterinburg and to create the complex of preventive guidelines.Methods. Sociological cross-sectional study was carried out using the questionnaire with questions from the international questionnaire Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC). Analysis of the results was carried out for different age and gender groups, the results of comparative analysis with the data of the international HBSC study are also presented.Results. The main characteristics of bullying are presented: prevalence, age and social features. High involvement of adolescents in bullying (11.7%) and cyberbullying (18.2%) was revealed. The ratio of adolescents who have repeatedly been the victims of physical, psychological and virtual aggression was significantly higher (21.7 and 31.8%, respectively). Boys are more likely to be aggressors and victims of abusive behaviour (physical and psychological aggression) than girls. Moreover, number of schoolchildren who became victims of bullying decreases with age, this indicator is more significant among boys, while the number of cyberbullying victims increases among older adolescents.Conclusion. The high prevalence of bullying in adolescents has negative impact on both, victims and aggressors. Bullying affects the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, leads to psychological and social maladaptation, as well as the development of sustainable models of problematic and most often aggressive behavior. Educational organizations have to become the basis for implementation of future programs on bullying and cyberbullying prevention. They should not only provide safe environment but also help children to establish open and friendly relationship with peers and adults and to clearly understand their actions and their consequences.

High-Risk Pregnancies

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-102
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Long Run

Infant and child survival and their growth and development cannot be improved without good maternity care. Proper planning of births is a basic ingredient of any child survival package. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and in particular HIV infections, unless adequately controlled, can impede further progress in child survival. There are great risks of neglecting sexual and reproductive health; a painful or detrimental transition from adolescence to adulthood can lead to ill effects in the long run. Early pregnancy/motherhood can be physically hazardous for girls and can jeopardize their educational attainment as well as economic potential. In particular, adolescent girls are vulnerable to HIV exposure and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), sexual coercion, violence, as well as exploitation. These have an enormous impact on the physical and mental health of an individual and have long-term implications for them, their offspring, their families, and their communities.

scholarly journals Features of hardiness and emotional burnout among mid-level health providers at a district level

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Lagodich ◽  
N. G. Novak ◽  
L. G. Soboleva ◽  
T. M. Sharshakova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
District Level ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Burnout ◽  
Different Levels

Objective: to study the features of emotional burnout among mid-level health providers having different hardiness levels.Material and methods. The study involved 104 mid-level health providers. To identify the features of hardiness and emotional burnout among the mid-level health providers, the method of diagnosing the level of emotional burnout (by V. V. Boyko) and the Hardiness Survey by S. Maddi (modified by E.N. Osin, E.I. Rasskazova) were used.Results. A considerably larger number of people having marked signs and symptoms of emotional burnout have been revealed in the group of health providers with a low hardiness level than in the groups of health providers having medium and high hardiness levels. The features of emotional burnout among mid-level health providers with different levels of hardiness have been identified.Conclusion. A high hardiness level will promote and enhance physical and mental health of health providers and is a means of preventing emotional exhaustion during professional activity.

Implementing MH-TIPS: A Growing Need for Mental Health Services for School-Age Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy Weaver ◽  
Karen Rogers ◽  
Michael Gomez ◽  
Richard Gilder ◽  
Patricia S. Yoder-Wise
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
National Mental Health

The number of children diagnosed with mental and behavioral health issues is increasing each year. Early identification and intervention for these issues are vital to improving long-term outcomes. School nurses are among the frontline healthcare providers for school-age children, screening and coordinating care for multiple physical and mental health conditions. This article describes the implementation of a national mental health online training program at a local district. Outcomes of the implementation project and implications for school nurses are discussed.

scholarly journals Comparing abrocitinib and dupilumab in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a plain language summary

Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bieber ◽  
Eric L Simpson ◽  
Jonathan I Silverberg ◽  
Diamant Thaçi ◽  
Carle Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Atopic Eczema ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Better Than

Atopic dermatitis (AD, also called atopic eczema) is a long-term skin disease that causes intensely itchy, red skin. Healthcare providers can prescribe medicated creams and ointments to reduce the signs and symptoms of AD. However, these treatments are not always enough to provide relief. A new medicine called abrocitinib, which is taken every day as a tablet, reduces part of the body’s immune response that happens in AD. The clinical study described in this plain language summary, called JADE COMPARE, investigated how well and how safely 16 weeks of treatment with abrocitinib worked in adults with AD compared to placebo (‘dummy treatment’) and a medicine that is already approved for AD, called dupilumab. The study showed that abrocitinib was better than placebo in improving the signs and symptoms of AD after 16 weeks. In addition, patients who were taking abrocitinib 200 mg for 2 weeks experienced greater relief from itch than patients who were taking abrocitinib 100 mg, placebo, or dupilumab. More people who took abrocitinib 200 mg reported side effects than those taking abrocitinib 100 mg, placebo, or dupilumab, but most of these side effects were mild or moderate.

scholarly journals The effects of interventions preventing self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents: an overview of systematic reviews

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Sund Morken ◽  
Astrid Dahlgren ◽  
Ingeborg Lunde ◽  
Siri Toven
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Suicide Clusters

Background: Self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents are of serious consequence and increase during the adolescent years. Consequently, there is need for interventions that prevent such behaviour. The objective of this paper: to evaluate the effects of interventions preventing self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents in an overview of systematic reviews. Methods: We conducted a review of systematic reviews (OoO). We included reviews evaluating any preventive or therapeutic intervention. The quality of the included reviews was assessed independently, and data was extracted by two reviewers. We report the review findings descriptively. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Moderate certainty evidence suggests that school-based interventions prevent suicidal ideation and attempts short term, and possibly with long term effects on suicide attempts. The effects of community-based interventions following suicide clusters and local suicide plans are uncertain, as are the benefits and harms of screening young people for suicide risk. The effects of most interventions targeting children and adolescents with known self-harm are uncertain. However, low certainty evidence suggests that dialectical behavioural therapy and developmental group therapy are equally as effective on repetition of self-harm as enhanced treatment as usual. Conclusions: Research on several recommended practices, such as local suicide plans, prevention of suicide clusters and approaches to risk assessment, is lacking. When implemented, these interventions should be closely evaluated. There also is need for more research on treatment for repeated self-harm, including long term follow-up, and in general: possible harmful effects. Policy makers and health providers should consider evidence from population-based studies and adults in preventing self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents. Also, approaches showing promise in treatment of conditions associated with self-harm and/or suicidality, such as depression and psychosis, should be considered. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019117942 08/02/19.

Faltering growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 734-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Roche ◽  
Baneera Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Health Visitor ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Parental Concern ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
In Infants And Children

Faltering growth is a common paediatric presentation in primary care; it often presents following routine health visitor surveillance or is highlighted by parental concern. It is important to recognise, as it may be the presentation of an underlying medical or social problem, and because there may be long-term consequences for growth and development. Reassuringly, however, most children with faltering growth do not fall into these groups and will improve with community-based interventions including dietary advice and health visitor input. This article describes the recognition, causes, assessment and management of faltering growth in infants and children.

scholarly journals The effects of interventions preventing self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents: an overview of systematic reviews

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Sund Morken ◽  
Astrid Dahlgren ◽  
Ingeborg Lunde ◽  
Siri Toven
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Suicide Clusters

Background: Self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents are of serious consequence and increase during the adolescent years. Consequently, there is need for interventions that prevent such behaviour. The objective of this paper: to evaluate the effects of interventions preventing self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents in an overview of systematic reviews. Methods: We conducted an overview of systematic reviews (OoO). We included reviews evaluating any preventive or therapeutic intervention. The methodological quality of the included reviews was assessed independently, and data was extracted by two reviewers. We report the review findings descriptively. The certainty of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Moderate certainty evidence suggests that school-based interventions prevent suicidal ideation and attempts short term, and possibly suicide attempts long term. The effects of community-based interventions following suicide clusters and local suicide plans are unknown, as are the benefits and harms of screening young people for suicide risk. The effects of most interventions targeting children and adolescents with known self-harm are unknown. However, low certainty evidence suggests that dialectical behavioural therapy and developmental group therapy are equally as effective on repetition of self-harm as enhanced treatment as usual. Conclusions: Research on several recommended practices, such as local suicide plans, prevention of suicide clusters and approaches to risk assessment, is lacking. When such interventions are implemented, the effects should be closely evaluated. There is also need for more research on treatment of repeated self-harm. Further research should include long term follow-up, and investigate possible adverse effects. In prevention of self-harm and suicide in children and adolescents, policy makers and health providers should consider evidence from population-based studies with mixed-age samples, adult samples, and studies on conditions associated with self-harm and/or suicidality, such as depression and psychosis. PROSPERO registration:  CRD42019117942 08/02/19

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