scholarly journals Neighborhood food environment and body mass index among Japanese older adults: results from the Aichi Gerontological Evaluation Study (AGES)

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Hanibuchi ◽  
Katsunori Kondo ◽  
Tomoki Nakaya ◽  
Miyo Nakade ◽  
Toshiyuki Ojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Neighborhood Food Environment ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

scholarly journals Association between Neighborhood Food Environment and Body Mass Index among Older Adults in Beijing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7658
Author(s):  
Man Zhang ◽  
Wen Guo ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Hairong He ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Neighborhood Food Environment ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants ◽  
Beijing China

Objective: To investigate the association between the neighborhood food environment and body mass index (BMI) among Chinese older adults. Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to recruit participants from 12 communities in Beijing, China, in 2019. Participants (n = 1764, 1034 women) in this study were older adults aged 65 to 80. We collected the participants’ basic information, measured their height and weight, and calculated their BMI. Neighborhood food environments were measured by the density of and proximity to different food outlets using the Baidu Map Application Programming Interface. Adjusted multiple linear regression was performed to estimate the association between the food environment and BMI. Results: Participants had a mean age of 69.7 ± 4.32 years old and an average BMI of 26.3 ± 3.50 kg/m2. Among the three types of stores, convenience stores had the easiest access, followed by greengrocers and supermarkets. Sit-down restaurants had the best access among different restaurants, followed by Chinese fast-food restaurants, and western fast-food restaurants had the worst access. Easier access to greengrocers (β = 0.281, p < 0.001) and sit-down restaurants (β = 0.304, p < 0.001) was associated with higher BMI in the 250 m buffer zone. More supermarkets were associated with higher BMI in the 500 m buffer zone (β = 0.593, p < 0.001). Access to convenience stores was positively associated with BMI in the 800 m buffer zone (β = 0.057, p < 0.001). Better access to Chinese fast-food restaurants was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.071, p = 0.001), and better access to western fast- food restaurants was associated with lower BMI (β = −0.400, p < 0.001) in the 1000 m buffer zone. There was a negative association between the nearest distance to greengrocers and BMI (β = −0.004, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although we found some significant associations between the neighborhood food environment and obesity, the current results are not strong enough to draw specific conclusions. Policymakers will need to rely on more evidence to derive concrete policy recommendations.

scholarly journals 516Association of dietary diversity with all-cause mortality by body mass index in Japanese older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeka Takabayashi ◽  
Takumi Hirata ◽  
Wenjing Zhao ◽  
Takashi Kimura ◽  
Shigekazu Ukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Japanese Elderly ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Stratified Analysis

Abstract Background Dietary diversity is thought to reduce risk of malnutrition although it is also linked to obesity. We examined whether dietary diversity is associated with all-cause mortality in Japanese elderly by body mass index (BMI). Methods The current study included 2,944 people aged 64-65 years who participated in the NISSIN project in 1996-2005. Dietary diversity was measured by the Food Variety Score (FVS) which calculates frequency of all food items consumed daily using a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided into tertiles according to their FVS (1st: low, 2nd: middle, 3rd: high). Multivariate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. In stratified analysis, BMI was used to divide the participants into 3 groups: lean (BMI &lt;20), normal (BMI 20–24.9), and overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 25). Results Overall, 454 (30.7%) men and 222 (15.2%) women died over the median follow-up period of 16.6 years. No significant association between FVS and all-cause mortality was observed overall. However, when grouped by BMI, in the lean, multivariate adjusted HRs were 0.32 (CI: 0.17-0.59) in the middle FVS and 0.41 (CI: 0.19 -0.91) in the high FVS, compared with the low FVS. No significant association was found for normal and overweight/obese. Conclusions These findings indicate dietary diversity should be promoted for lean older adults. Key messages BMI should be considered when promoting dietary diversity.

scholarly journals A U-Shaped Relationship between the Prevalence of Frailty and Body Mass Index in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: The Kyoto–Kameoka Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Watanabe ◽  
Tsukasa Yoshida ◽  
Yuya Watanabe ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Misaka Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frailty Assessment ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and frailty remains unclear. Using two validated frailty assessment tools, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of frailty and BMI in Japanese older adults. This cross-sectional study used baseline data of 7191 individuals aged ≥65 years, living in Kameoka City, Kyoto, Japan. The BMI was calculated based on self-reported height and body weight, and classified into six categories. Frailty was defined using two validated assessment tools, the Fried phenotype (FP) model and Kihon Checklist (KCL). We evaluated the relationship between frailty and BMI using a multivariate restricted cubic spline logistic regression. The prevalence of frailty defined using the FP model was 25.3%, 19.6%, 14.3%, 12.4%, 12.6%, and 19.4% for each BMI category of <18.5, 18.5–19.9, 20.0–22.4, 22.5–24.9, 25.0–27.4, and ≥27.5 kg/m2, respectively. The spline model showed a significant U-shaped relationship between BMI and the prevalence of frailty defined using both, KCL and FP models. This study found that the BMI range corresponding to lowest prevalence of frailty defined using both tools was 21.4–25.7 kg/m2. Thus, a healthy BMI may reduce the prevalence of frailty, and the risk of frailty needs to be evaluated in individuals who are underweight or overweight.

scholarly journals Multiple pathways from the neighborhood food environment to increased body mass index through dietary behaviors: A structural equation-based analysis in the CARDIA study

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 74-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Richardson ◽  
Katie A. Meyer ◽  
Annie Green Howard ◽  
Janne Boone-Heinonen ◽  
Barry M. Popkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Neighborhood Food Environment

scholarly journals Longitudinal Associations Between Observed and Perceived Neighborhood Food Availability and Body Mass Index in a Multiethnic Urban Sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon N. Zenk ◽  
Graciela Mentz ◽  
Amy J. Schulz ◽  
Vicki Johnson-Lawrence ◽  
Causandra R. Gaines
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Convenience Store ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Neighborhood Food Environment ◽  
Unit Increase

Introduction. Blacks, Hispanics, and women of lower socioeconomic status tend to have a higher risk of obesity. Numerous studies over the past decade examined the role of the neighborhood food environment in body weight. However, few were longitudinal. Purpose. This longitudinal study examined whether multiple measures of neighborhood food availability were associated with body mass index (BMI) in a predominately Black and Hispanic adult sample living in low- to moderate-income urban neighborhoods. Method. This longitudinal study used two waves of data (2002, 2008), including interviewer-measured height and weight, from a community survey of adults ( n = 219). In both 2002 and 2008, multiple measures characterized neighborhood food availability: GIS-derived availability of retail food outlets (large grocery store, small grocery store, convenience store, liquor stores), observed fruit and vegetable availability (count of stores selling 10 or more fresh fruit or vegetable varieties), and perceived fruit and vegetable access. Random intercept models estimated multivariable associations, controlling for individual-level demographics and neighborhood median household income. Results. Small grocery store availability was associated with 1.22-unit increase in BMI ( p = .047), while each unit increase in perceived fruit and vegetable access was associated with a 0.69-unit decrease in BMI ( p = .055). BMI was not associated with large grocery store, convenience store, or liquor store availability, or with observed fruit and vegetable availability. Conclusions. Findings suggest that improving the neighborhood food environment, particularly at small grocery stores, may help urban residents living in low- to moderate-income neighborhoods achieve healthier body weights over time.

Effects of a resistance training community programme in older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul ◽  
Chrissa L. McClellan ◽  
Elizabeth J. Parks ◽  
Stephen D. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Resistance Training Programme

Abstract Ageing is associated with reduced muscle mass, strength, flexibility and balance, resulting in a poor quality of life (QOL). Past studies have occurred in highly controlled laboratory settings which provide strong support to determine whether similar gains can be made in community programmes. Twenty participants were enrolled in an eight-week community-based resistance training programme (mean age = 61.3 (standard error (SE) = 0.9) years); Body Mass Index = 32.0 (SE = 1.3) kg/m2). All participants completed surveys to assess outcomes associated with QOL. Given the relationship between muscle function and nerve health, nerve conduction studies (NCS) were also conducted in a separate group of participants (mean age = 64.9 (SE = 2.0) years; Body Mass Index = 32.6 (SE = 1.9) kg/m2). This community-based training programme significantly improved QOL measures in older adults (p < 0.001). Although weight loss was not the primary outcome of the study, participants reduced their body weights (p < 0.001), by primarily reducing fat mass (p = 0.007) while maintaining muscle mass. Significant improvements were observed in muscle strength (2.2%), flexibility and balance (3.2–464.2%, p ⩽ 0.05 for all). Improvements were also observed in plasma glucose (p = 0.05), haemoglobin A1C (p = 0.06) and aldolase enzyme levels (p < 0.001). Scores for surveys on memory and sleep improved (p < 0.05). Improved QOL was associated with increased lean mass (r = −0.714, p = 0.002), decreased fat mass (r = −0.702, p = 0.003) and improved flexibility and balance (r = −0.627, p = 0.008). An eight-week, community-based resistance training programme significantly improved QOL in older adults. Influence on the lipid profile and NCS still needs further investigation.

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