scholarly journals Maintaining physical activity following myocardial infarction: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Coull ◽  
Gemma Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Abstract Background Outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI) are improved by uptake and maintenance of physical activity (PA), but little is understood regarding patients experience of maintaining an active lifestyle once immediate support, such as cardiac-rehabilitation (CR), has ended. Aim The purpose of this study was to investigate MI survivors’ attitude and appraisal towards PA and the perceived barriers, motivators and facilitators for maintaining PA long-term. Methods Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 18 adults (mean age 60.5, range 37–73 years) from England and Scotland, who were a minimum of 5 months post-MI (mean 29 months, range 5–122 months). There were comparatively more male participants (n = 13, 72 %) than female (n = 5, 28 %). Overall 12 (67 %) participants had attended CR. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was performed using qualitative data analysis software NVivo. Results Data analysis indicated that the following four core themes influenced MI survivors’ behaviour and attitude towards PA: (1) MI as a teachable moment for behaviour change, (2) affective response to MI: enjoyment versus fear, (3) cognitive response to MI: self-perception, attitude and self-efficacy, and (4) access to support and resources, including PA facilities and social support. Participants highlighted a lack of available guidance on maintaining PA behaviour change following CR and that advice on the frequency and intensity of exercise to follow was often unclear and confusing. Feelings of vulnerability and fear of overexertion were apparent, affecting participants self-efficacy to exercise. Conclusions Current CR programmes fail to address PA belief systems and perceptions of self-efficacy to exercise. Interventions that address feelings of vulnerability and fear of overexertion may be beneficial. Providing ongoing PA advice and access to social support may facilitate patients to maintain changes in PA.

The Association Among Social Support, Self-Efficacy, Use of Mobile Apps, and Physical Activity: Structural Equation Models With Mediating Effects (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taotao Wang ◽  
Mengyuan Ren ◽  
Ying Shen ◽  
Xiaorou Zhu ◽  
Xing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Support Level ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases. Insufficient physical activity has become an important public health problem worldwide. As mobile apps have rapidly developed, physical activity apps have the potential to improve the level of physical activity among populations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical activity apps on levels of physical activity among college students. METHODS A Web-based questionnaire was used to survey college students in Beijing from December 27, 2017, to January 5, 2018. According to a previous survey, 43% of college students using physical activity apps and 36% of those who never used such apps achieved the physical activity recommendations. In this study, the sample size was calculated to be 500. The questionnaire consisted of 5 parts: the use of physical activity apps, sports habits, social support, self-efficacy, and social demographic information. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between the use of physical activity apps, self-efficacy, social support, and level of physical activity. RESULTS Of the 1245 participants, 384 college students (30.8%) used physical activity apps (in the past month). Of these 384 students, 191 (49.7%) gained new friends via the app. College students who were using physical activity apps had a higher level of physical activity and higher scores for social support and self-efficacy (<italic>P</italic>&lt;.001) than those who did not use such apps. The use of physical activity apps significantly affected the mediating effect of physical activity level through social support (beta=.126; <italic>P</italic>&lt;.001) and self-efficacy (beta=.294; <italic>P</italic>&lt;.001). Gender played an important role in app use, self-efficacy, and physical activity in the mediation model: male users spent more time on physical activity and had higher self-efficacy scores (<italic>P</italic>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS This study focused on college students in Beijing and found that the use of physical activity apps is associated with higher physical activity levels among these students. This effect is mainly through the mediation effect of social support and self-efficacy, rather than the direct effect of physical activity apps. The use of physical activity apps is associated with a higher social support level and higher self-efficacy score. Furthermore, a high social support level and high self-efficacy score are associated with higher physical activity levels.

A Population-Based Survey to Determine Association of Perceived Social Support and Self-Efficacy With Self-Care Among Elderly With Diabetes Mellitus (Kerman City, Iran)

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahidreza Borhaninejad ◽  
Mohsen Shati ◽  
Devender Bhalla ◽  
Abedin Iranpour ◽  
Reza Fadayevatan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Kerman City ◽  
Population Based Survey

This survey examined association between social support and self-efficacy with self-care in elderly with diabetes. A total of 374 subjects were identified in Kerman city, Iran who responded to questionnaires on self-care, social support, and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed by using SPSS. Along with customary descriptive statistics, we also determined group difference for self-care, and Pearson correlation, and prediction value of various variables by using hierarchical multiple regression. And 67.37% of subjects were classified as poor adherence to self-care; 55.9% patients reportedly had good foot care habits, while 68.4% patients were not taking adequate physical activity. There was a significant correlation between self-care with social support and self-efficacy. Independent variables accounted for 44.3% of the variance in self-care. Diabetes care programs should aim to implement (a) weekly free-of-cost mass physical activity programs, (b) mass education adapted for gender- and age-based needs, and (c) informal social cohesion and companionship among general public.

Organized Physical Activity Program Participation, Physical Activity, and Related Psychosocial Factors Among Urban Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 105984052110389
Author(s):  
Lorraine B. Robbins ◽  
Jiying Ling ◽  
Mei-Wei Chang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Urban Adolescents ◽  
Physical Activity Program ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Activity Program

The study purpose was to examine whether adolescents who participated in organized physical activity (PA) programs differed from nonparticipants in motivation, social support, and self-efficacy related to PA; PA (min/hr); and sedentary screen time behavior. Thirty-nine 5th–7th grade adolescents participated in organized PA programs; 41 did not. Approximately 56.3% were Black, and 52.5% had annual family incomes <$20,000. Compared to nonparticipants, those who participated reported significantly higher social support ( M = 2.32 vs. 3.13, p < .001) and fewer hours watching television or movies on a usual weekend day ( M = 2.49 vs. 1.59, p = .016); and had higher accelerometer-measured vigorous PA ( M = 0.58 vs. 1.04, p = .009) and moderate-to-vigorous PA ( M = 2.48 vs. 3.45, p = .035). Involving adolescents in organized PA programs may be important for improving their moderate-to-vigorous PA, vigorous PA, and related psychosocial factors, as well as reducing sedentary screen time behavior.

scholarly journals Motivational Determinants of Physical Activity in Disadvantaged Populations with (Pre)Diabetes: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen De Man ◽  
Francis Xavier Kasujja ◽  
Peter Delobelle ◽  
Kristi Sidney Annerstedt ◽  
Helle Mölsted Alvesson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Motivational Process ◽  
Identified Regulation

Abstract BackgroundUnderstanding motivational determinants of physical activity (PA) is essential to guide the implementation of PA at individual and population level. Knowledge about the cross-cultural generalizability of these determinants is lacking and they have mostly been studied as separate factors. This study compares a motivational process model across samples from diverse populations with, or at risk of diabetes. MethodsMeasurement invariance of barrier identified regulation, barrier self-efficacy and social support was assessed in a rural Ugandan sample (n=712) and disadvantaged samples with high proportions of immigrants in urban South Africa (n=566) and Sweden (n=147). These motivational determinants were then compared through multigroup structural equation modeling.ResultsThe studied motivational constructs showed scalar invariance. Latent mean levels of perceived social support and barrier self-efficacy were lower in South Africa and Sweden. Structural models (for different PA outcomes) were not consistent across settings except for the association between perceived social support and identified regulation. Identified regulation was only associated with vigorous PA in Uganda and with moderate PA in South Africa. The association between social support and PA outcomes ranged from weak to not significant and the association between self-efficacy and PA was not significant. Self-reported PA was highest in Uganda and lowest in Sweden. Self-reported vigorous PA was significantly related to lower hemoglobin A1c levels, while moderate PA was not.ConclusionsFindings suggest that: 1) it is feasible to compare a motivational process model across diverse settings; 2) there is lower perceived social support and self-efficacy in the urban, migrant samples; 3) identified regulation is a more promising determinant of PA than self-efficacy or social support in these populations; 4) associations between motivational determinants and PA depend on the perceived type and/or intensity of PA; 5) perceived relatedness functions as a basic psychological need across diverse settings; and 6) people’s perception of the PA they perform depends on their perceived level of intensity of PA which would have major implications for health promotion.

scholarly journals MOTHERS CARING FOR CHILDREN LIVING WITH CEREBRAL PALSY: SUGGESTIONS FOR PSYCHO-SOCIAL SUPPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phumudzo Raphulu ◽  
Modjadji Linda Shirindi ◽  
Mankwane Daisy Makofane
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Thematic Data

Caring for children with cerebral palsy presents numerous circumstances which may contribute to mothers’ inability to cope with the demands of meeting their children’s needs. A qualitative study supported by explorative, descriptive and contextual designs was undertaken. Purposive and snowball sampling facilitated the identification of twelve participants who were interviewed through semi-structured interviews. The enquiry was based on the ecosystems approach. Thematic data analysis was followed through Tesch’s eight steps and Guba’s model was used for data verification. The findings highlighted the necessity to enhance the psycho-social functioning of mothers through collaboration of social workers, health professionals and various organisations.

scholarly journals Improving Physical Activity mHealth Interventions: Development of a Computational Model of Self-Efficacy Theory to Define Adaptive Goals for Exercise Promotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Baretta ◽  
Fabio Sartori ◽  
Andrea Greco ◽  
Marco D’Addario ◽  
Riccardo Melen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Activity Promotion

The practice of regular physical exercise is a protective factor against noncommunicable diseases and premature mortality. In spite of that, large part of the population does not meet physical activity guidelines and many individuals live a sedentary life. Recent technological progresses and the widespread adoption of mobile technology, such as smartphone and wearables, have opened the way to the development of digital behaviour change interventions targeting physical activity promotion. Such interventions would greatly benefit from the inclusion of computational models framed on behaviour change theories and model-based reasoning. However, research on these topics is still at its infancy. The current paper presents a smartphone application and wearable device system called Muoviti! that targets physical activity promotion among adults not meeting the recommended physical activity guidelines. Specifically, we propose a computational model of behaviour change, grounded on the social cognitive theory of self-efficacy. The purpose of the computational model is to dynamically integrate information referring to individuals’ self-efficacy beliefs and physical activity behaviour in order to define exercising goals that adapt to individuals’ changes over time. The paper presents (i) the theoretical constructs that informed the development of the computational model, (ii) an overview of Muoviti! describing the system dynamics, the graphical user interface, the adopted measures and the intervention design, and (iii) the computational model based on Dynamic Decision Network. We conclude by presenting early results from an experimental study.

scholarly journals Older patients’ attitudes towards, and perceptions of, preoperative physical activity and exercise prior to colorectal cancer surgery—a gap between awareness and action

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 3945-3953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emelie Karlsson ◽  
Oili Dahl ◽  
Elisabeth Rydwik ◽  
Malin Nygren-Bonnier ◽  
Mia Bergenmar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise

Abstract Purpose Time for preoperative optimisation prior to colorectal cancer surgery is limited and older people tend to decline exercise interventions. This study sought to describe attitudes towards, and perceptions of, preoperative physical activity and exercise in older people prior to colorectal cancer surgery. Methods This is a qualitative interview study, analysed with inductive content analysis. Seventeen participants scheduled for colorectal surgery were recruited as a purposeful sample from two hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted, face-to-face (n = 8) or by telephone (n = 9). Results Nine participants were male, median age was 75 years (range 70–91). The theme, ‘a gap between awareness and action’, was identified based on two main categories: ‘Attitudes towards preoperative physical exercise have a multifactorial base’ and ‘Preoperative physical exercise is possible with a push in the right direction’. The material described a gap between awareness of the benefits of physical activity and reports of performing physical activity. The reasons for the gap between thoughts and action in this respect seem to be multifactorial. Support from others emerged as an important possibility for overcoming the gap. Conclusions A gap between the patients’ awareness and action appeared in our material. Understanding this can guide healthcare professionals (HCPs) as to the support needed preoperatively. Advice on physical exercise before surgery should be specific, and individually tailored support for action should be offered. This support should also consider the individual’s current physical activity and preoperative attitude towards physical exercise.

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