scholarly journals Association between the HLA-B*1502 gene and mild maculopapular exanthema induced by antiepileptic drugs in Northwest China

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilupaer Shafeng ◽  
Deng-feng Han ◽  
Yun-fang Ma ◽  
Rena Abudusalamu ◽  
Binuer Ayitimuhan
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Maculopapular Exanthema

Abstract Background The relationship between the HLA-B*1502 gene and maculopapular exanthema (MPE) induced by antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the association between AED-induced MPE (AED-MPE) and the HLA-B*1502 gene in patients in Northwest China. Methods We enrolled 165 subjects including nine patients with AED-MPE and 156 AED-tolerant patients as controls. HLA-B*1502 gene polymorphism was detected using digital fluorescence molecular hybridization (DFMH). The results of HLA genotyping were expressed as positive or negative for the HLA-B*1502 allele. An analysis of AED-MPE risk factors was performed using binary logistic regression, and differences in genotype frequencies between groups were assessed with the continuity correction chi-square test. Results We found that the HLA-B*1502 gene was a risk factor for AED-MPE (P = 0.028). The incidence of MPE induced by the two types of AEDs was different, and the incidence of aromatic AEDs use was higher that of non-aromatic AEDs use (P = 0.025). The comparison of the gene frequencies of the HLA-B*1502 allele between the two groups taking aromatic AEDs was also statistically significant (P = 0.045). However, there were no significant differences in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, or region in patients with MPE induced by AEDs. In addition, no association between the HLA-B1502 allele and CBZ- or OXC-induced MPE was found. Conclusions In northwestern China, the HLA-B*1502 allele was associated with aromatic AED-MPE. Since MPE can develop into Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), the HLA-B*1502 gene should be evaluated before administering AEDs.

scholarly journals Factors associated with sarcopenia in subjects aged 80 years and over

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ribeiro dos Santos ◽  
Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro ◽  
Igor Conterato Gomes ◽  
Ricardo Ribeiro Agostinete ◽  
Ismael Forte Freitas Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Epidemiological Factors ◽  
Chi Square Test

OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether sarcopenia is associated with sociodemographic factors and chronic noncommunicable diseases in adults aged 80 years and older. METHODS: The sample consisted of 120 adults aged 80 to 95 years (83.4±2.9 years) from the city of Presidente Prudente (São Paulo, Brazil), of which 76 were females (83.4±3.0 years) and 44 were males (83.4±2.6 years). The study sociodemographic and epidemiological factors were: age stratum, gender, marital status, education level, chronic noncommunicable diseases, ethnicity, and nutritional status. Body composition was determined by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and sarcopenia was identified by the appendicular lean mass ratio (upper limb lean mass + lower limb lean mass [kg]/height [m]2). The Chi-square test analyzed whether sarcopenia was associated with sociodemographic and epidemiological factors and binary logistic regression expressed the magnitude of the associations. The data were treated by the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (17.0) at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The factors associated with sarcopenia were gender, age, nutritional status, and osteopenia/osteoporosis. CONCLUSION: The factors gender, age, nutritional status, and osteopenia/osteoporosis are independently associated with sarcopenia in adults aged 80 years and older.

scholarly journals Appraisal of Issues Influencing Soil-Steps Application for Sustainable Farmland Management in High-Potential District, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Mehretie Belay
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Study Data ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Soil damage by moving water is a somber predicament on farmlands in highland Ethiopia. Sizeable number of trial in farmland preservation has been executed to handle the crisis during the last tens of years. However, the attempts have not been vibrant to trim-down the danger to an attractive extent. This paper evaluates factors contributing to application of soil-steps (bunds) as sustainable farmland management technology (SFLMT) by smallholder farmers in one of the high-potential districts of northwest Ethiopia named Dangila Woreda (District). Mixed method triangulation designs involving concurrent acquisition and interpretation of quantitative and qualitative data were used in the study. Data were acquired from randomly chosen 201 farming households during the harvest seasons of 2011 and 2012. Ordered questionnaire, participatory field observation, key informant interview and focus group discussion were mechanisms employed during the data acquisition. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations and percentiles), Chi-square test, t-test and the binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the quantitative data. The qualitative information was textually narrated to augment the quantitative results. Findings of the investigation confirm that age of the household head, the number of household members, slope of the farmland, the size of the farmland held, households’ participation in indigenous labour-sharing activities and the number of farm tools owned were significantly increasing the building of soil-steps as SFLMT in the study district. Involvement in off-farm activities and pest invasions were considerably hindering farmers from building soil-steps on their farmlands. The results in general indicated that households’ access to livelihood assets are key promoters for farmers’ implementation of soil-steps on their farmlands. Local resource preservation and improvement trials should thus ponder on convalescing farmers’ material endowments to improve their capability to use soil-steps as SFLMT in their farming activities.

scholarly journals Genetic polymorphisms of fecundity genes in Watish Sudanese desert sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-621
Author(s):  
Sara E. Ibrahim Mohamed ◽  
Romaz M. Ahmed ◽  
Khaleel I. Z. Jawasreh ◽  
M. A. M. Salih ◽  
Dalia Mursi Abdelhalim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Association Testing ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Protein Receptor ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 9 ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background and Aim: The Watish sheep is a strain of desert sheep of smaller size compared to other desert sheep ecotypes, and there is anecdotal evidence that it is endowed with high litter size. The present study was designed for screening for polymorphisms in the known fecundity genes (bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1B A<G in exon 6, bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) (FecXB, FecXG, FecXH, and FecXI) in exon2, growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) – G1 in exon1 and G8 in exon2 and PRLG<A in intron2) and their association with litter size in Watish. Materials and Methods: The study involved 156 Watish ewes of 2-6 years of age, along with data on litter size in the first, second, and third parity from Sinnar state and contiguous Blue Nile State. Genomic DNA was isolated and genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Allele and genotype frequencies were calculated by direct counting. Chi-square test for goodness of fit was performed for agreement with Hardy-Weinberg expectations and association testing. Results: The results demonstrated that all individuals were non-carriers for the target mutations of FecB, BMP15 (FecXB, FecXH, and FecXI), and GDF9-G8. With regard to the GDF9-G1 gene, the genotypic frequencies were 0.07% (G+) and 0.93% (++), in FecXG gene they were 0.993% (++) and 0.006% (B+), in PRL gene 0.516(++), 0.347(B+), and 0.137(BB). The Chi-square test showed a non-significant association between ewe's type of birth and the detected mutations genotypes. Conclusion: These results preliminarily indicated that GDF9-G1, BMP15 (FecXG), and PRL genes might have had some contribution for improving litter size in Watish Sudanese sheep. However, further studies using larger samples are needed to detect the effects of those mutations on Watish sheep litter size.

scholarly journals Born Too Soon; Implications in a Tertiary Health Facility in Enugu State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 190-196
Author(s):  
Nwoga Hope Obiageli ◽  
Ajuba Miriam Obinwanne ◽  
Igweagu Chukwuma Paulinus
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Enugu State

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) is a complex complication of pregnancy with multiple etiologies. This results in long term medical burdens to the families and health care system at large. The objective of the study was to determine the socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics that affect preterm delivery. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Data for the study were retrieved from the ante-natal and delivery card of the women that delivered at the unit within the time of data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and variables were presented as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Bivariate analysis was done using chi-square test. The level of significance was set at p value ≤ 0.05. Binary logistic regression was used to determine factors that predicted preterm delivery. Results: Majority of them were married 746(96.9%), Igbos 763(99.1) and Christians 766(99.5%). Most of the women were civil servants 429(55.7%), while about 31.3% of them were unemployed 241(31.3%). Majority of the women 484(62.9%) had tertiary education. About 48% of them delivered through caesarean section while 53.9% booked within 14-28weeks gestation. Delivering through caesarean section and gestational age at booking predicted preterm delivery. Un-booked mothers have about 7times odds of having PTB when compared to those that booked at ≥28 week’s gestation. Conclusion: The prevalence of PTB is still high in Nigeria. Booking status of the mother and C/S delivery were found to be strongly associated with preterm delivery. Key words: Enugu State, Nigeria, Preterm delivery, Prevalence, Tertiary health facility.

scholarly journals The pattern of admission and outcome of neonates managed in the neonatal intensive care unit in a Sudanese hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 616
Author(s):  
Safaa A. M. Ahmed ◽  
Mohammed A. O. Ali ◽  
Esraa A. A. Mahgoub ◽  
Mohammed Nimir ◽  
Elfatih M. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: This study aimed to assess the admission pattern and outcome of neonates managed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a Sudanese hospital.Methods: This hospital-based retrospective study was conducted in the NICU of Saad Abu Elella Teaching Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan. Data was collected from medical records of 207 neonates using an extraction form. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used in analysis.Results: Most of the neonates were term, and 43% of them had a birth weight less than 2.5 kg. Moreover, the most common morbidities among them were sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal jaundice and asphyxia, and the mortality rate was 15%. Additionally, the birth weight, gestational age, the need for resuscitations, direct breast feeding and being beside mother were found to be significantly associated with the studied outcome.Conclusions: Majority of causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in our study were preventable diseases. Therefore, interventions to improve services in the NICU are highly needed to improve the outcomes.

Distribution of UGT1A1 (TA) polymorphisms in Caucasian and Asian subjects

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2063-2063
Author(s):  
J. Liu ◽  
K. Qu ◽  
Y. Ren ◽  
A. Sferruzza ◽  
R. A. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Severe Neutropenia ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Uridine Diphosphate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Fluorescent Pcr ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tata Sequence

2063 Background: The hepatic isoform 1A1 of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is responsible for glucuronidation and detoxification of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. The presence of an additional TA repeat in the TATA sequence of the UGT1A1 gene is a common polymorphism, leading to a significant decrease in SN-38 glucuronidation. Patients with the UGT1A1 (TA)7 allele (either [TA]6/7 or [TA]7/7 ) are more likely to experience severe neutropenia and diarrhea following irinotecan chemotherapy. We assessed the distribution of the UGT1A1 (TA) polymorphism in Caucasian and Asian subjects. Methods: We used a fluorescent PCR-based assay to detect UGT1A1 (TA) polymorphisms in 129 healthy subjects (52 Caucasian, 34 Chinese, 36 Filipino, and 7 Japanese). The chi-square test was used to assess between-group differences in the distribution of UGT1A1 (TA) genotypes. Results: UGT1A1 (TA) genotype distribution differed significantly between Caucasian and Asian subjects (P = 0.003). The UGT1A1 (TA)6/7 and (TA)7/7 genotypes were more common in Caucasians than Asians. Genotype distributions did not differ significantly between men and women in either group ( Table ). Conclusions: The frequency of the deleterious UGT1A1 (TA)7 polymorphism was greater in Caucasians than in Asians; genotype frequencies were consistent with previous reports. In both groups, UGT1A1 (TA) genotype distributions were similar in men and women. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Prevalence, patterns and correlates of smokeless tobacco use in Nigerian adults: An analysis of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245114
Author(s):  
Ikenna Onoh ◽  
Oluwatomi Owopetu ◽  
Abdulhakeem Abayomi Olorukooba ◽  
Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo ◽  
Tukur Dahiru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The South ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Tobacco Epidemic ◽  
Chi Square Test

Introduction The global tobacco epidemic contributes to more than 8 million deaths annually. However, most tobacco control interventions have been driven by an emphasis on smoked tobacco. Globally and more so in Nigeria, less attention has been paid to the similarly harmful smokeless tobacco (SLT) whose use appeals to a different demography. We examined the prevalence, patterns of use and correlates of SLT in Nigerian adults to guide targeted control efforts. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2012 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data. We obtained data on 9,765 non-institutionalised adults aged 15 years and older. Variables included current SLT use, sociodemographic characteristics and perceived harm of SLT use. We used Chi-square test to examine associations and binary logistic regression to assess predictors of current SLT use. All analyses were conducted with sample-weighted data. Results The prevalence of current SLT use was 1.9% of all adults. About 1.4% were daily users. The main types were snuff by nose (1.6%) and snuff by mouth (0.8%). There were higher odds of current SLT use for those in the South-East region (aOR = 13.99; 95% CI: 4.45–43.95), rural area residents (aOR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.04–2.35), males (aOR = 4.43; 95% CI: 2.75–7.11), the 45–64 years age-group (aOR = 10.00; 95% CI: 4.12–24.29), those with no formal education (aOR = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.01–7.05), and those with no perception of harm from SLT use (aOR = 3.81, 95% CI: 2.61–5.56). Conclusion The prevalence of SLT use among Nigerian adults was low with clearly identified predictors. While a majority were aware of harm from SLT use, an unacceptably high proportion remain unaware. We recommended targeted interventions to increase awareness of the harmful effects of SLT use especially among residents of the South-East, those in rural areas, males, and individuals with no formal education. We also recommended a follow-up survey.

scholarly journals PRLR-AluI Gene Polymorphism And Litter Size Traits In Highly Prolific Line Of Topigs 20 Sows

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Menčik ◽  
Vlado Vuković ◽  
Mario Modrić ◽  
Marija Špehar ◽  
Mario Ostović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Prolactin Receptor ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to identify the Prolactin Receptor (PRLR) gene polymorphism related to litter size traits. The study included 101 Topigs 20 line of sows with 426 litters. The traits studied were: Total Number of Born (TNB), Number of Born Alive (NBA), Number of Still Born (NSB), and Number of MUMmified (NMUM) piglets. Polymorphism was identified with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Allelic and genotype frequencies and deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were verified with the chi-square test. Analysis of litter size traits was performed using the General Linear Model, which included the potential environmental effects. Additive and dominant allele variances were observed by the regression procedure. In the studied population of sows, the frequency of heterozygotes (0.5149) for PRLR gene exceeded the total number of AA (0.0198) and BB (0.4653) homozygotes, which resulted in a high proportion of B allele (0.7228). The results for PRLR showed statistically significant (P<0.05) differences in first parity sows between BB and AB genotypes for TNB and NBA. Significant differences(P<0.05) were recorded in third parity sows between BB and AB genotypes for NBA, and in AA genotypeversusAB and BB genotypes for NMUM. The fourth and subsequent parity sows of AA genotype had a significantly higher (P<0.05) rate of NBA as compared with those of AB and BB genotypes. In all parities analysed, the difference between the BB and AB genotypes for NBA was statistically significant (P<0.05). Interpretation of the results at the levels of phenotypes and either additive or dominant variance was quite difficult due to the small number of AA homozygous sows. The calculation model yielded a significant effect (P<0.05) as well as tendency (P<0.1) for the mentioned effects except for age at first farrowing.

scholarly journals Roosting selection by red and blue Lory (Eos histrio Muller, 1776) in Karakelang Island North Sulawesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Diah Irawati Dwi Arini ◽  
Satyawan Pudyatmoko ◽  
Erny Poedjirahajoe
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Parrot Species ◽  
Roost Trees ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Analyze Data

The Red and blue lory is an endemic parrot species from Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi. The use of existing resources is suspected that occurs of selection including the roosting trees. The research aims to identifying the characteristics of Red and Blue Lory roost tree and determining variables in its selection. We measured 14 variables to identify the characteristics and selection of roost tree. Mann-Whitney test, T-test, Chi-sqare test and Binary Logistic Regression were employed to analyze data. We detected 11 roost trees in study field, there are Gehe (Pometia coriacea Radkl) nine individual, Binsar (Ficus variegata) and Lawean (Sterculia sp) one individual. The Chi-square test identified five variables which related to roost tree selection, i.e; branch-free bole length, canopy diameter, canopy density and the number of trees around the roost tree on diameter 20 - 40 cm and > 41 cm. The Logistic regression analysis detected three variables that gave the most influence on roost tree selection, but branch-free bole length gave the most influence on roost tree selection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document