scholarly journals IRF4-activated TEX41 promotes the malignant behaviors of melanoma cells by targeting miR-103a-3p/C1QB axis

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingna Zheng ◽  
Wu Zhou ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Ruixue Xu ◽  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melanoma Cell ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Melanoma Cell Proliferation ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Malignant melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer and a tumor of melanocytic origin. Recent studies have suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in multiple malignancies, including melanoma. Testis expressed 41 (TEX41) is a relatively new lncRNA whose mechanism in melanoma remains vague. Aims This study aimed to explore the role and specific mechanism of TEX41 in melanoma. Methods The expression of genes involved in this study was determined by qRT-PCR. Functional assays were conducted to analyze the role of relevant genes in melanoma cells. The interaction between TEX41 promoter and IRF4 as well as the relationship among TEX41, miR-103a-3p and C1QB was verified by mechanism assays. Results IRF4 up-regulated TEX41 at the transcriptional level in melanoma cells. TEX41 knockdown hindered melanoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion while promoting cell apoptosis. TEX41 bound to miR-103a-3p and regulated C1QB. The suppressive impact of TEX41 depletion on melanoma cell malignant behaviors could be counteracted by miR-103a-3p inhibition or C1QB overexpression. Moreover, IRF4 could facilitate melanoma cell growth via up-regulating C1QB. Conclusions IRF4-activated TEX41 sequestered miR-103a-3p and modulated C1QB to promote melanoma cell malignant behaviors, for which TEX41 might be regarded as a potential therapeutic target for melanoma.

scholarly journals Inhibition Effect of Chloroquine and Integrin-Linked Kinase Knockdown on Translation in Melanoma Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3682
Author(s):  
Dorota Gil ◽  
Piotr Laidler ◽  
Marta Zarzycka ◽  
Joanna Dulińska-Litewka
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Melanoma Cell ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Scratch Wound ◽  
Integrin Linked Kinase ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Cell Signaling Pathways

The twofold role of autophagy in cancer is often the therapeutic target. Numerous regulatory pathways are shared between autophagy and other molecular processes needed in tumorigenesis, such as translation or survival signaling. Thus, we have assumed that ILK knockdown should promote autophagy, and used together with chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, it could generate a better anticancer effect by dysregulation of common signaling pathways. Expression at the protein level was analyzed using Western Blot; siRNA transfection was done for ILK. Analysis of cell signaling pathways was monitored with phospho-specific antibodies. Melanoma cell proliferation was assessed with the crystal violet test, and migration was evaluated by scratch wound healing assays. Autophagy was monitored by the accumulation of its marker, LC3-II. Our data show that ILK knockdown by siRNA suppresses melanoma cell growth by inducing autophagy through AMPK activation, and simultaneously initiates apoptosis. We demonstrated that combinatorial treatment of melanoma cells with CQ and siILK has a stronger antitumor effect than monotherapy with either of these. It generates the synergistic antitumor effects by the decrease of translation of both global and oncogenic proteins synthesis. In our work, we point to the crosstalk between translation and autophagy regulation.

scholarly journals MiR-29a: a potential therapeutic target and promising biomarker in tumors

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-yan Wang ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Dan-dan Wang ◽  
Wei Yan ◽  
Huan-huan Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

MiRNAs, small non-coding RNA molecules, were recognized to be associated with the incidence and development of diverse neoplasms. MiRNAs were small non-coding RNAs that could regulate post-transcriptional level by binding to 3′-UTR of target mRNAs. Amongst which, miR-29a was demonstrated that it had significant impact on oncogenicity in various neoplasms through binding to critical genes which enhanced or inhibited the progression of cancers. MiR-29a participated in kinds of physiological and pathological processes, including virus replication, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, fibrosis, angiogenesis, tumorigenicity, metastasis, drug-resistance, and so on. According to its sufficient sensitivity and specificity, many studies showed that miR-29a might serve as a potential therapeutic target and promising biomarker in various tumors. In this review, we discussed the functions of miR-29a and its potential application in the diagnosis, treatment and stages of carcinoma, which could provide additional insight to develop a novel therapeutic strategy.

scholarly journals Bornyl cis-4-Hydroxycinnamate Suppresses Cell Metastasis of Melanoma through FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways and Inhibition of the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Yen Yang ◽  
Mei-Li Wu ◽  
Chi-I Chang ◽  
Chih-I Liu ◽  
Te-Chih Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Melanoma Cell ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Cell Migration And Invasion ◽  
Cell Metastasis ◽  
A375 Melanoma

Bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate, a bioactive compound isolated from Piper betle stems, has the potential for use as an anti-cancer agent. This study investigated the effects of bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate on cell migration and invasion in melanoma cells. Cell migration and invasion were compared in A2058 and A375 melanoma cell lines treated with/without bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate (1–6 µM). To examine whether bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate has a potential anti-metastatic effect on melanoma cells, cell migration and invasion assays were performed using a Boyden chamber assay and a transwell chamber in A2058 and A375 cells. Gelatin zymography was employed to determine the enzyme activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Cell lysates were collected for Western blotting analysis of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1/2 (TIMP-1/2), as well as key molecules in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/ phosphatidylinositide-3 kinases (PI3K)/Akt/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) signaling pathways. Our results demonstrated that bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate is a potentially useful agent that inhibits melanoma cell migration and invasion, and altered melanoma cell metastasis by reducing MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression through inhibition of the FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, and GRB2 signaling pathways. Moreover, bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate inhibited the process of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in A2058 and A375 melanoma cells. These findings suggested that bornyl cis-4-hydroxycinnamate has potential as a chemotherapeutic agent, and warrants further investigation for its use in the management of human melanoma.

The Salivary miRNome: A Promising Biomarker of Disease

MicroRNA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Tomei ◽  
Harshitha Shobha Manjunath ◽  
Selvasankar Murugesan ◽  
Souhaila Al Khodor
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs ranging from 18-24 nucleotides also known to regulate the human genome mainly at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs were shown to play an important role in most biological processes such as apoptosis and in the pathogenesis of many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Recent developments of advanced molecular high-throughput technologies have enhanced our knowledge of miRNAs. MiRNAs can now be discovered, interrogated, and quantified in various body fluids, and hence can serve as diagnostic and therapeutic markers for many diseases. While most studies use blood as a sample source to measure circulating miRNAs as possible biomarkers for disease pathogenesis, fewer studies have assessed the role of salivary miRNAs in health and disease. This review aims at providing an overview of the current knowledge of the salivary miRNome, addressing the technical aspects of saliva sampling and highlighting the applicability of miRNA screening to clinical practice.

scholarly journals The Role of Tumor-Infiltrating B Cells in Tumor Immunity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Fei Guo ◽  
Jiu Wei Cui
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Tumor Immunity ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Tumor Biomarker ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Tumor Inhibition ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
The Relationship

Earlier studies on elucidating the role of lymphocytes in tumor immunity predominantly focused on T cells. However, the role of B cells in tumor immunity has increasingly received better attention in recent studies. The B cells that infiltrate tumor tissues are called tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs). It is found that TIBs play a multifaceted dual role in regulating tumor immunity rather than just tumor inhibition or promotion. In this article, latest research advances focusing on the relationship between TIBs and tumor complexity are reviewed, and light is shed on some novel ideas for exploiting TIBs as a possible tumor biomarker and potential therapeutic target against tumors.

scholarly journals The Osteoporosis/Microbiota Linkage: The Role of miRNA

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo De Martinis ◽  
Lia Ginaldi ◽  
Alessandro Allegra ◽  
Maria Maddalena Sirufo ◽  
Giovanni Pioggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Molecular Biotechnology ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Complementary Mechanism

Hundreds of trillions of bacteria are present in the human body in a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship with the host. A stable dynamic equilibrium exists in healthy individuals between the microbiota, host organism, and environment. Imbalances of the intestinal microbiota contribute to the determinism of various diseases. Recent research suggests that the microbiota is also involved in the regulation of the bone metabolism, and its alteration may induce osteoporosis. Due to modern molecular biotechnology, various mechanisms regulating the relationship between bone and microbiota are emerging. Understanding the role of microbiota imbalances in the development of osteoporosis is essential for the development of potential osteoporosis prevention and treatment strategies through microbiota targeting. A relevant complementary mechanism could be also constituted by the permanent relationships occurring between microbiota and microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are a set of small non-coding RNAs able to regulate gene expression. In this review, we recapitulate the physiological and pathological meanings of the microbiota on osteoporosis onset by governing miRNA production. An improved comprehension of the relations between microbiota and miRNAs could furnish novel markers for the identification and monitoring of osteoporosis, and this appears to be an encouraging method for antagomir-guided tactics as therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Regulation of melanoma malignancy by the RP11-705C15.3/miR-145-5p/NRAS/MAPK signaling axis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-jun Chen ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Dong-mei Han ◽  
De-zhi Han ◽  
Wei-jing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Melanoma Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Functional Assays ◽  
Melanoma Cell Proliferation ◽  
Signaling Axis

AbstractMelanoma is a common lethal skin cancer. Dissecting molecular mechanisms driving the malignancy of melanoma may uncover potential therapeutic targets. We previously identified miR-145-5p as an important tumor-suppressive microRNA in melanoma. Here, we further investigated the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in melanoma. We identified RP11-705C15.3, a regulator of miR-145-5p, as an oncogenic lncRNA in melanoma. RP11-705C15.3 competitively bound miR-145-5p, relieved the repressive roles of miR-145-5p on its target NRAS, upregulated NRAS expression, and activated MAPK signaling. In vitro functional assays revealed that ectopic expression of RP11-705C15.3 promoted melanoma cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and promoted migration and invasion. Silencing of RP11-705C15.3 repressed melanoma cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and repressed migration and invasion. Notably, the roles of RP11-705C15.3 in melanoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion are reversed by miR-145-5p overexpression. In vivo functional assays revealed that RP11-705C15.3 promoted melanoma tumor growth and metastasis, which were also reversed by miR-145-5p overexpression. Furthermore, we investigated the expression of RP11-705C15.3 in clinical melanoma tissues and found that RP11-705C15.3 was increased in melanoma tissues. High expression of RP11-705C15.3 was positively correlated with thickness, ulceration, metastasis, and inferior overall survival. Taken together, our findings suggest RP11-705C15.3 as a novel oncogene in melanoma, and highlight that the RP11-705C15.3/miR-145-5p/NRAS/MAPK signaling axis may be potential therapeutic targets for melanoma.

Circular RNA circVAPA regulates breast cancer cell migration and invasion via sponging miR-130a-5p

Epigenomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-ying Zhou ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Su-jin Yang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Jun-ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Mirna Sponge ◽  
Cell Migration And Invasion ◽  
Cancer Migration ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: We aimed to explore the roles of circular RNA, circVAPA in regulating cell migration and invasion of breast cancer. Materials & methods: CircVAPA expression was detected in breast cancer tissues and cells. The role of circVAPA was evaluated by MTT assay, wound-healing and transwell assay. The relationship between circVAPA and miR-130a-5p and the location of circVAPA were explored. Results: We discovered that circVAPA was dysregulated in breast cancer tissues and cells. Ectopic circVAPA regulated breast cancer migration, invasion and proliferation. CircVAPA was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and could act as a miRNA sponge for miR-130a-5p, but did not regulate its parental gene. Conclusion: CircVAPA may promote migration and invasion capacity of breast cancer via harboring miR-130a-5p.

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