scholarly journals Design and measurement in a study of war exposure, health, and aging: protocol for the Vietnam health and aging study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Korinek ◽  
Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan ◽  
Zachary Zimmer ◽  
Eleanor Brindle ◽  
Thi Kim Chuc Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Survivors of war throughout the world experience illnesses and injuries that are crucial to understand, given the ongoing treatment and adaptation they demand. In developing countries like Vietnam, where population aging and chronic disease burdens are rapidly rising, aging populations have seen a disproportionate share of armed conflict and related casualties. This paper describes the Vietnam Health and Aging Study (VHAS), a unique resource for investigating mechanisms of association between diverse exposures to armed conflict during the Vietnam War and multiple dimensions of older adult health among survivors of that war. Methods The VHAS utilizes a longitudinal design, the first wave of data collection conducted in 2018 among 2447 older adults. A second wave of follow-up data collection, scheduled to take place in 2021, will examine life course, social relational and health and mortality transitions. The VHAS was conducted in four northern Vietnamese districts purposively selected to represent a spectrum of war exposure as indicated by intensity of bombings. Additionally, VHAS uses random sampling within gender and military service subdomains to permit unique gender-specific analyses of military service, trauma exposure and health. The VHAS’ face-to-face interviews include modules detailing war and military service experiences; warzone stressors; and multiple dimensions of health such as chronic disease, functional limitation, disability, health behaviors, cognition and psychological health. Biomarker data collected for the full VHAS sample includes anthropometric and functional tests such as grip strength and blood pressure, hair samples for cortisol assay, and capillary blood samples to assay C-reactive protein, cholesterol, HbA1c, and other markers of interest for cardiovascular and other disease risks and for testing the impact of early life stressors on later life health. Blood samples will also permit epigenetic analysis of biological aging. Discussion Future VHAS investigations will examine dynamic linkages between war exposure, mortality and morbidity, while taking into account the selective nature of each of these processes. Longitudinal analyses will examine late-life health transitions and war-related resiliency.

scholarly journals Impact of particulate matter on mothers and babies in Antwerp (IPANEMA): a prospective cohort study on the impact of pollutants and particulate matter in pregnancy

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e020028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Van den Eeden ◽  
Nathalie Lambrechts ◽  
Veerle Verheyen ◽  
Mario Berth ◽  
Greet Schoeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionAir pollution is a hot topic and is known to cause multiple health issues. Especially pregnant women seem to be vulnerable to environmental issues. There are data suggesting that exposure contributes to hypertensive disorders.This study aims to evaluate the effects of exposure to particulate matter (PM) and outdoor air pollutants on the clinical pregnancy outcome for mother and child and to determine which biochemical changes in maternal, placental and cord blood best explain this effect.Methods and analysisThis study is a prospective cohort study. We aim to recruit 200 pregnant women. The outcome measurements will include maternal parameters, labour parameters and neonatal parameters.Multiple samples will be analysed such as maternal urine samples (8-oxo-deoxyguanosine), maternal blood samples (routine blood sampling, biomarkers of pre-eclampsia and transcript markers), maternal hair samples, neonatal blood samples (transcript markers) combined with extensive questionnaires.Ethics and disseminationWe obtain informed consent from each participant prior to enrolment in the study.The study has received approval by the Ethical Committee of the Antwerp University Hospital (14/40/411).IPANEMA is the first prospective study to assess the impact of PM on mothers and babies in Antwerp, Belgium.Findings from this study will contribute to improve knowledge on the impact of exposure to air pollution on mothers and babies and will also define biomarkers as predictors for pregnant women at risk.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: 14/40/411. Registered 22-10-2015.

An Investigation of Safety Training and Safety Outcome in a Manufacturing Plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah Bahari
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Safety Training ◽  
Manufacturing Plant ◽  
Safety Outcome ◽  
Workplace Accidents ◽  
Safety Intervention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Safety training is considered as one of safety intervention that is believed to be an antecedent of safety outcome within organization. The rapid advancement in safety management field has also raised many questions mainly to the roles of safety training in organizations safety. Nevertheless, to date far too little discussions have been made to empirically study the impact of safety training and its influence to safety outcome in the workplace. Therefore, the purpose of this longitudinal study is two-fold, first it attempts to examine the level of safety training impacts over time, and secondly it seeks to examine the relationship between safety training and safety outcome (workplace accidents) over time. Quantitative approach using longitudinal design is employed for the purpose of data collection. The results were based on two data collection carried out in one of Malaysian manufacturing plant in 2008 and 2009. The response rate was 83% (N=330) in 2008 and 98% (N=402) in 2009. Overall, the current study has gone some way towards enhancing our understanding of safety training impacts particularly with regard to the improvement of safety outcome. However, this study has thrown up a number of questions in need to further investigation.  The need for further research to evaluate the effectiveness of a specific training intervention in reducing particular types of injury and its relation to safety culture over time in various industries is prevailing to be crucial. 

Social influence and the invocation of rights: The effects of accountability, reputation and political skill on legal claiming

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2250-2273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela T Hall ◽  
Wajda Wikhamn ◽  
Robert Cardy
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Political Skill ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
The Impact

Issues relating to litigation and other forms of employee legal claiming are at the forefront of the practice of human resource management. However, organizational scholars have paid scant attention to this important aspect of organizational life. Underrepresented in this collective research have been investigations into how social influence variables impact the legal claiming process. We add to the understanding of legal claiming by evaluating how perceived levels of accountability, reputation and political skill affect individuals’ willingness to engage in contentious and non-contentious legal claiming. We also investigate the impact that social influence has on individuals’ advice to other potential claimants. This study employed a longitudinal design utilizing both scenarios and survey data collection. Results from our study partially support the conclusion that individuals are more risk-averse in their own legal claiming considerations than they are in the advice they offer to similarly-situated others. Furthermore, accountability, reputation and interpersonal influence (one aspect of political skill) were found to significantly influence the likelihood of legal claiming. The pattern of results indicates that social influence variables play a role in determining whether legal claiming will be pursued and what type of claiming will be chosen.

scholarly journals Fenomena Pemberitaan Media Indonesia dalam Konflik Senjata Kimia di Ghouta Timur (Berdasarkan Perspektif Edmund Husserl)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naufal Annabil
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>This article aims to describe the chemical weapons conflicts in Ghouta East, Syria based on the perspective of Edmund Husserl. The problems to be studied are the chemical weapons conflict in East Ghouta; the impact of chemical weapons use, and media in Indonesia's view of the chemical weapons conflict in East Ghouta through the line of phenomenology theory of Edmund Husserl. The research method used is the qualitative method. Data collection is used with watching, seeing, reading, and note techniques. The data analysis technique used is the descriptive analysis technique. To examine the validity of data, the technique used is the triangulation technique. As for the result of this research is the armed conflict occurred because of the opposition in East Ghouta and Assad's regime with its soldiers trying to eradicate the opposition; chemical weapons caused many injured victims to die, especially children; a dispute between the Western media and the Indonesian media in the news of the conflict in East Ghouta.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> - <em>p</em><em>henomenology, Indonesia</em><em>n m</em><em>edia, </em><em>c</em><em>hemical </em><em>w</em><em>eapon, East Ghouta, Edmund Husserl</em></p>

Emic Perspectives on the Impact of Armed Conflict on Children's Mental Health in Northern Sri Lanka

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wietse Tol ◽  
Fiona Thomas ◽  
Anavarathan Vallipuram ◽  
Sambasivamoorthy Sivayokan ◽  
Mark Jordans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Children’S Mental Health ◽  
Children's Mental Health ◽  
The Impact

INDONESIA LANGUAGE INTERFERENCE FORM IN BASIC PPL LEARNING THAILAND UNHASY COLLEGE SYUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Siti Mariana Ulfa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Thai Students ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Recording Techniques

AbstractHumans on earth need social interaction with others. Humans can use more than one language in communication. Thus, the impact that arises when the use of one or more languages is the contact between languages. One obvious form of contact between languages is interference. Interference can occur at all levels of life. As in this study, namely Indonesian Language Interference in Learning PPL Basic Thailand Unhasy Students. This study contains the form of interference that occurs in Thai students who are conducting teaching practices in the classroom. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research that seeks to describe any interference that occurs in the speech of Thai students when teaching practice. Data collection methods in this study are (1) observation techniques, (2) audio-visual recording techniques using CCTV and (3) recording techniques, by recording all data that has been obtained. Whereas the data wetness uses, (1) data triangulation, (2) improvement in perseverance and (3) peer review through discussion. Data analysis techniques in this study are (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data presentation and (4) conclusions. It can be seen that the interference that occurs includes (1) interference in phonological systems, (2) interference in morphological systems and (3) interference in syntactic systems. 

The Impact of Emerging Technologies on the Law of Armed Conflict

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Impact

Emerging technologies have always played an important role in armed conflict. From the crossbow to cyber capabilities, technology that could be weaponized to create an advantage over an adversary has inevitably found its way into military arsenals for use in armed conflict. The weaponization of emerging technologies, however, raises challenging legal issues with respect to the law of armed conflict. As States continue to develop and exploit new technologies, how will the law of armed conflict address the use of these technologies on the battlefield? Is existing law sufficient to regulate new technologies, such as cyber capabilities, autonomous weapons systems, and artificial intelligence? Have emerging technologies fundamentally altered the way we should understand concepts such as law-of-war precautions and the principle of distinction? How can we ensure compliance and accountability in light of technological advancement? This book explores these critical questions while highlighting the legal challenges—and opportunities—presented by the use of emerging technologies on the battlefield.

scholarly journals Effects of Indigenous Diet Iron Content and Location on Hemoglobin Levels of Ghanaians

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2710 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Callister ◽  
Joanna Gautney ◽  
Christina Aguilar ◽  
Julian Chan ◽  
David Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Food Group ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
The Impact

Multiple studies have demonstrated strong links between diet and anemia, but few have explored the impact of food groups on hemoglobin (Hb). We analyzed the correlation between Ghanaian diet and Hb levels to explore reduction of anemia prevalence through dietary interventions. Demographics, food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), and blood samples were obtained from 140 volunteers (ages 18–65) in five locations across Ghana. Hb was measured; estimated iron consumption was calculated. FFQ items were grouped by food type, and a regression analysis was performed to determine the most important dietary predictors of Hb. Moreover, 47% of total participants were anemic; 64% of females and 28% of males. Hb levels were highest in Mole (13.9 g/dL, SD = ±1.9), independent of sex distribution. The regression model revealed a 62.7% adjusted correlation between food groups and Hb levels. Animal foods (β = 0.016, t = 5.08, p < 0.01) and plant protein (β = 0.013, t = 2.86, p < 0.01) were the most influential groups to Hb levels. It is of vital importance to emphasize the benefits of consuming animal foods and plant proteins within the Ghanaian population. The ease of access to plant proteins makes it likely that this food group will be most influential and have the greatest impact in reduction of anemia in the Ghanaian population.

scholarly journals Artificial neural network, predictor variables and sensitivity threshold for DNA methylation-based age prediction using blood samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghui Thong ◽  
Jolena Ying Ying Tan ◽  
Eileen Shuzhen Loo ◽  
Yu Wei Phua ◽  
Xavier Liang Shun Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Sensitivity Threshold ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Ann Models ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age Prediction

AbstractRegression models are often used to predict age of an individual based on methylation patterns. Artificial neural network (ANN) however was recently shown to be more accurate for age prediction. Additionally, the impact of ethnicity and sex on our previous regression model have not been studied. Furthermore, there is currently no age prediction study investigating the lower limit of input DNA at the bisulfite treatment stage prior to pyrosequencing. Herein, we evaluated both regression and ANN models, and the impact of ethnicity and sex on age prediction for 333 local blood samples using three loci on the pyrosequencing platform. Subsequently, we trained a one locus-based ANN model to reduce the amount of DNA used. We demonstrated that the ANN model has a higher accuracy of age prediction than the regression model. Additionally, we showed that ethnicity did not affect age prediction among local Chinese, Malays and Indians. Although the predicted age of males were marginally overestimated, sex did not impact the accuracy of age prediction. Lastly, we present a one locus, dual CpG model using 25 ng of input DNA that is sufficient for forensic age prediction. In conclusion, the two ANN models validated would be useful for age prediction to provide forensic intelligence leads.

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