scholarly journals Association of chronic diseases and lifestyle factors with suicidal ideation among adults aged 18–69 years in Eswatini: evidence from a population-based survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mfundi President Sebenele Motsa ◽  
Hung-Yi Chiou ◽  
Yi-Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background How chronic diseases and lifestyle affect suicidal ideation in the sub-Saharan region remains unclear. We investigated the association of chronic diseases and lifestyle with suicidal ideation in the past year and the potential modifying role of sociodemographic status on this association. The findings can guide suicide prevention interventions. Methods We analyzed 3026 respondents from the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance conducted in Eswatini in 2014. The outcome was past-year suicidal ideation, and the main predictors were chronic diseases and lifestyle. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate predictors, and subgroup analysis was performed to assess effect modification. Results The prevalence of past-year suicidal ideation was 9.9%. After adjustment for covariates, including sex, marital status, employment status, and education level, individuals aged 18–30 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–4.22) were more likely to have had past-year suicidal ideation than those aged 45–69 years. After adjustment for covariates among employed individuals, having high blood pressure (aOR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.54–7.40), not exercising (aOR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.09–6.39), drinking alcohol (aOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.14–5.05), being aged 18–30 years (aOR: 3.50, 95% CI: 1.01–12.1), and being exposed to threats (aOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.01–5.53) were significantly associated with past-year suicidal ideation. Conclusions Among currently employed individuals, having high blood pressure, not exercising, and drinking alcohol were associated with past-year suicidal ideation. The findings highlight the importance of developing and strengthening systems for early identification of suicidal ideation risk.

scholarly journals Diagnosing vascular variability anomalies, not only MESOR-hypertension

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (3) ◽  
pp. H279-H294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Halberg ◽  
Deborah Powell ◽  
Kuniaki Otsuka ◽  
Yoshihiko Watanabe ◽  
Larry A. Beaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Heads Of State

Chronobiology is the study of biological rhythms. Chronomics investigates interactions with environmental cycles in a genetically coded autoresonance of the biosphere with wrangling space and terrestrial weather. Analytical global and local methods applied to human blood pressure records of around-the-clock measurements covering decades detect physiological-physical interactions, a small yet measurable response to solar and terrestrial magnetism. The chronobiological and chronomic interpretation of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (C-ABPM) records in the light of time-specified reference values derived from healthy peers matched by sex and age identify vascular variability anomalies (VVAs) for an assessment of cardio-, cerebro-, and renovascular disease risk. Even within the conventionally accepted normal range, VVAs have been associated with a statistically significant increase in risk. Long-term C-ABPM records help to “know ourselves,” serving for relief of psychological and other strain once transient VVAs are linked to the source of a load, prompting adjustment of one's lifestyle for strain reduction. Persistent circadian VVAs can be treated, sometimes by no more than a change in timing of the daily administration of antihypertensive medication. Circadian VVA assessment is an emergency worldwide, prompted in the United States by 1,000 deaths per day every day from problems related to blood pressure. While some heads of state met under United Nation and World Health Organization sponsorship to declare that noncommunicable diseases are a slow-motion disaster, a resolution has been drafted to propose C-ABPM as an added tool complementing purely physical environmental monitoring to contribute also to the understanding of social and natural as well as personal cataclysms.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight and Obesity among Adults in Urban Bissau, Western Africa

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4199
Author(s):  
Ruben Turé ◽  
Albertino Damasceno ◽  
Mouhammed Djicó ◽  
Nuno Lunet
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Overweight and obesity affect a large proportion of the population and are important causes of death in both developed and low- and middle-income countries. In Guinea-Bissau, there are no previous population-based studies assessing this phenomenon. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among adults in Bissau. A stratified and cluster sample of 935 adults was assembled in 2021 and was evaluated using standardized questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, following the World Health Organization Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Underweight, obesity, and overweight were defined by body mass index based on the World Health Organization definitions. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 48.7% among women and 25.0% among men. The proportion of women with abdominal obesity was 14 times higher than it was in men (35.3% vs. 2.5%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased with age and income. Underweight was more prevalent in the age group of 18 to 24 years (18.4% in women and 28.9% in men) and was less frequent among individuals with higher socioeconomic status. In conclusion, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is similar to the trends that are observed in many other urbanized populations in Africa and is already a major public health issue in urban Guinea-Bissau.

scholarly journals Therapeutic vaccines for chronic diseases: successes and technical challenges

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1579) ◽  
pp. 2815-2822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin F. Bachmann ◽  
Gary T. Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccines ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Chronic, non-communicable diseases are the major cause of death and disability worldwide and have replaced infectious diseases as the major burden of society in large parts of the world. Despite the complexity of chronic diseases, relatively few predisposing risk factors have been identified by the World Health Organization. Those include smoking, alcohol abuse, obesity, high cholesterol and high blood pressure as the cause of many of these chronic conditions. Here, we discuss several examples of vaccines that target these risk factors with the aim of preventing the associated diseases and some of the challenges they face.

scholarly journals Should bread be targeted as a vector to reduce sodium intake in Morocco?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelfettah Derouiche ◽  
Ali Jafri ◽  
Younes ElKardi ◽  
Mohammed Jabari ◽  
Rachida Habbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Health Organization

Background: High blood pressure is a serious public health problem in Morocco; the national survey of cardiovascular risk factors in Morocco found a prevalence of 33.6% of people with high blood pressure (HBP) with a higher prevalence among women, also, the World Health Organization estimated the prevalence of HBP in 2008 at 41.2%. Our study aimed to evaluate the amount of salt provided by the consumption of bread, since it is a staple food, in daily food intake and compare it to the recommendations. This study aims to raise awareness about salt consumption and its impact in causing high blood pressure. Methods: We used the MOHR method to quantify sodium in bread samples from 80 professional bakeries in Casablanca. Results: Results showed that the average amount of salt used in the preparation of bread is 17.42 ± 1.28 g / kg, which is the equivalent of a daily intake of 8 to 9 g of salt through bread alone, and exceeds all recommendations. Conclusion: We can only recommend using it as a vector for the programme of awareness about salt over-consumption and its impact on raising the prevalence of hypertension.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in the urban population of Soussa, Tunisia

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-479
Author(s):  
H. Ghannem ◽  
A. Hadj Fredj
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
New World ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
World Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization

To illustrate the distribution of hypertension in the community, an epidemiological survey was conducted based on a representative sample of 957 adults aged >/= 20 years resident in Soussa, Tunisia in 1995. The prevalence of hypertension according to the new World Health Organization criteria [systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg] was 28.9%. Hypertension was significantly higher in cases with obesity, android obesity and for persons aged >40 years. History of diabetes was found in 10.2% of cases, obesity in 27.7%, overweight in 56.7%, android obesity in 36.0% and smoking in 61.4% of men and 4.2% of women

scholarly journals Study of essential hypertension with special reference to end organ damage in adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1227
Author(s):  
Rukmini Ramya M. ◽  
Rajya Lakshmi M.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The World ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Hypertension, a major public health concern, affecting 20-25% of the adult population. It is the major risk factor for diseases involving Cardio Vascular (CV) and renalsystem. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that high Blood Pressure (BP) causes 1 in every 8 deaths, making hypertension the third leading killer in the world. The recent emerging trend in the treatment of hypertension is not only based on the pragmatic need to lower BP levels, but also on lowering the CV risk profile, which is largely linked to the presence of the end organ damage.Methods: One hundred patients with hypertension are recruited in this study. The ethics committee of Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada approved this study and all the participants provided informed consent for all the procedures in the study protocol.Results: Majority of the patients (40%) with EOD have hypertension of >10 years duration. The relative frequency of various end organ damages (CVS: 34%, CNS: 17%, kidney: 12% and eye: 10%) is also high in patients with hypertension of >10 years duration.Conclusions: A significant proportion of hypertensive subjects had documented associated EOD, with LVH being the most prevalent EOD. The above findings emphasize the important role of the primary care clinicians to the early detection, treatment and control of high blood pressure that might help to reducing overall cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Should bread be targeted as a vector to reduce sodium intake in Morocco?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelfettah Derouiche ◽  
Ali Jafri ◽  
Younes ElKardi ◽  
Mohammed Jabari ◽  
Rachida Habbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Health Organization

Background: High blood pressure is a serious public health problem in Morocco; the national survey of cardiovascular risk factors in Morocco found a prevalence of 33.6% of people with high blood pressure (HBP) with a higher prevalence among women, also, the World Health Organization estimated the prevalence of HBP in 2008 at 41.2%. Our study aimed to evaluate the amount of salt provided by the consumption of bread, since it is a staple food, in daily food intake and compare it to the recommendations. This study aims to raise awareness about salt consumption and its impact in causing high blood pressure. Methods: We used the MOHR method to quantify sodium in bread samples from 80 professional bakeries in Casablanca. Results: Results showed that the average amount of salt used in the preparation of bread is 17.42 ± 1.28 g / kg, which is the equivalent of a daily intake of 8 to 9 g of salt through bread alone, and exceeds all recommendations. Conclusion: We can only recommend using it as a vector for the programme of awareness about salt over-consumption and its impact on raising the prevalence of hypertension.

scholarly journals Association of Edentulism with Various Chronic Diseases in Mexican Elders 60+ Years: Results of a Population-Based Survey

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Alejandro José Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Mirna Minaya-Sánchez ◽  
José Luís Robles-Minaya ◽  
Juan Alejandro Casanova-Sarmiento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the association of edentulism with different chronic diseases and mental disorders in Mexicans aged 60 years and over. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the World Health Survey for Mexico, in a probabilistic, multi-stage cluster sampling framework. Data for self-report of chronic diseases (diabetes, arthritis, angina pectoris and asthma), mental disorders (depression and schizophrenia) and edentulism were analyzed. Edentulism data were available for 20 of the 32 States of Mexico. Statistical analysis was performed in Stata 14.0 using the svy module for complex sampling (Complex nature under which individuals are sampled). Results: In total 4213 subjects were included, representing a population of 7,576,057 individuals. Mean age was 70.13 ± 7.82 years (range 60 to 98); 56.2% were women. Chronic diseases’ prevalence and mental disorders prevalence were as follows: diabetes 15.0% (N = 1,132,693); arthritis 13.2% (N = 1,001,667); depression 5.5% (N = 414,912); angina pectoris 4.5% (344,315); asthma 3.6% (N = 269,287); and schizophrenia 2.2% (N = 16,988). The prevalence of edentulism was 26.3%, which pertained to 1,993,463 people aged 60 years and over. Angina in women aged 60 to 69 years (p < 0.05) and depression in men aged 70 years and over (p < 0.0001) were associated with higher prevalence of edentulism. Conclusions: There was generally sparse association between edentulism on chronic diseases and mental disorders included in the study, except for women aged 60 to 69 years for angina, and in men aged 70 and over, for depression. Although our findings are misaligned with previous reports, longitudinal studies are required to test causal and temporal relationships between edentulism with chronic diseases and mental disorders.

scholarly journals Salt intake and blood pressure in Iranian children and adolescents: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassan Emamian ◽  
Hossein Ebrahimi ◽  
Hassan Hashemi ◽  
Akbar Fotouhi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Health ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of hypertension in Iranian students, especially in rural areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the daily intake of salt in students and its association with high blood pressure. Methods A random sub-sample was selected from the participants of the second phase of Shahroud schoolchildren eye cohort study and then a random urine sample was tested for sodium, potassium and creatinine. Urine electrolyte esexcretion and daily salt intake were calculated by Tanaka et al.’s formula. Results Among 1455 participants (including 230 participants from rural area and 472 girls), the mean age was 12.9 ± 1.7 year and the mean daily salt intake was 9.7 ± 2.6 g (95% CI 9.5–9.8). The mean salt consumption in rural areas [10.8 (95% CI 10.4–11.2)] was higher than urban areas [9.4 (95% CI 9.3–9.6)], in people with hypertension [10.8 (95% CI 10.3–11.3)] was more than people with normal blood pressure [9.4 (95% CI 9.3–9.6)], and in boys [9.8 (95% CI 9.7–10.0)] was more than girls [9.3 (95% CI 9.1–9.6)]. Higher age, BMI z-score, male sex and rural life, were associated with increased daily salt intake. Increased salt intake was associated with increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Daily salt intake in Iranian adolescents was about 2 times the recommended amount of the World Health Organization, was higher in rural areas and was associated with blood pressure. Reducing salt intake should be considered as an important intervention, especially in rural areas.

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