Antibodies against citrullinated proteins in relation to periodontitis with or without rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported conflicting findings between serum anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) participants with and without periodontitis (Pd). This study aimed to analyse possible correlations between serum ACPA levels and clinical parameters in Pd and RA participants. Methods Full mouth periodontal examination (probing pocket depth, clinical attachment levels, gingival bleeding index, visual plaque index) was conducted and serum samples obtained from 80 participants comprising RA, Pd, both RA and Pd (RAPd) and healthy individuals (HC). Erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) were obtained. Serum samples were analysed for ACPA quantification using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Median levels (IU/mL) of ACPA (interquartile range, IQR) in RAPd, RA, Pd and HC groups were 118.58(274.51), 102.02(252.89), 78.48(132.6) and 51.67(91.31) respectively. ACPA levels were significantly higher in RAPd and RA as compared to HC group (p < 0.05). However, ACPA levels of any of the groups were not correlated with any clinical periodontal and RA parameters within the respective groups. Conclusions At individual level, the amount of serum ACPA seem to have an increasing trend with the diseased condition in the order of RAPd > RA > Pd > HC. However, lack of any significant correlation between the serum ACPA levels with the clinical Pd and RA parameters warrants further studies to investigate the causal link between RA and Pd for such a trend. Further studies involving more inflammatory biomarkers might be useful to establish the causal link between Pd in the development and progression of RA or vice versa.

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The association among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.36.5.2403 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Yi Sun ◽

Liang Hong ◽

Changbai Gao

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Bone Remodeling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Creative Commons ◽

Tnf Α

Objective: To evaluate the correlation among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the RA patients treated in our hospital were analyzed between January 2015 and November 2019. Bone mineral density was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and at the beginning of the study, serum samples were collected and the level of 14-3-3η, TNF-α, and IL-6 was tested using the quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and I-CTX and PINP were measured using automatic electrochemical luminescence immune-analyzer for all the participants. Results: In the current study, 285 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled and assigned into normal, osteopenia, and osteoporotic group respectively. The level of 14-3-3η and IL-6 presented with the highest value in the osteoporosis group, but the lowest value in the normal group, and there were significant differences in the level of 14-3-3η and IL-6 among the groups (p<0.05), and there was positive correlation between 14-3-3η and IL-6 (p<0.05). There were significant differences in PINP and I-CTX among the three groups (p<0.05), and a significantly positive correlation between I-CTX and 14-3-3η (p<0.05) and a significantly negative correlation between PINP and 14-3-3η (p<0.05) were found. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the influence of 14-3-3η on osteoporosis may be contributed to its adjusting inflammation and bone remodeling. doi: https://doi.org/-10.12669/pjms.36.5.2403 How to cite this:Sun Y, Hong L, Gao C. The association among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2403 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Dogs as Sentinels for Flavivirus Exposure in Urban, Peri-Urban and Rural Hanoi, Vietnam

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13030507 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 507

Author(s):

Long Pham-Thanh ◽

Thang Nguyen-Tien ◽

Ulf Magnusson ◽

Vuong Bui-Nghia ◽

Anh Bui-Ngoc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mosquito Control ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Major Health ◽

Household Level

Diseases caused by flaviviruses, including dengue fever and Japanese encephalitis, are major health problems in Vietnam. This cross-sectional study explored the feasibility of domestic dogs as sentinels to better understand risks of mosquito-borne diseases in Hanoi city. A total of 475 dogs serum samples from 221 households in six districts of Hanoi were analyzed by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for antibodies to the pr-E protein of West Nile virus and other flaviviruses due to cross-reactivity. The overall flavivirus seroprevalence in the dog population was 70.7% (95% CI = 66.4–74.8%). At the animal level, significant associations between seropositive dogs and district location, age, breed and keeping practice were determined. At the household level, the major risk factors were rural and peri-urban locations, presence of pigs, coil burning and households without mosquito-borne disease experience (p < 0.05). Mosquito control by using larvicides or electric traps could lower seropositivity, but other measures did not contribute to significant risk mitigation of flavivirus exposure in dogs. These results will support better control of mosquito-borne diseases in Hanoi, and they indicate that dogs can be used as sentinels for flavivirus exposure.

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Seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in cattle of Punjab, Pakistan and assessment of risk factors

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-1130 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ahsan Anjum ◽

Asim Aslam ◽

Raheela Akhtar ◽

Tahir Yaqub ◽

Junaid Naseer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Measures ◽

Export Market ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an important infectious disease of respiratory system of cattle, caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. A cross sectional study was conducted in Lahore, Kasur and Jhang districts of Punjab to determine the prevalence of CBPP. A total of 560 serum samples were examined for the specific antibodies against M. mycoides subspecies mycoides, using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Associated risk factors that were evaluated include age, gender and breed. In this study, the overall seroprevalence was 8.75%. The seroprevalence of CBPP in Lahore, Kasur and Jhang were 8.26, 8.20 and 10.06%, respectively, but no significance difference (P less than 0.05) was observed. Among the assessed potential predisposing factors, gender and breed were not significantly associated with the serological status of the animal (P greater than 0.05), in which the age affected significantly the positivity to CBPP (P less than 0.05). The highest seropositivity was observed in animals of more than 7 years of age (32.08%) followed by in 4-7 years of age (8.16%) and lowest in animals of less than 4 years old (0.79%). This study confirms the presence of CBPP in the state which could be a threat to livestock export market and warrants the implementation of control measures to mitigate the economic losses associated with the disease.

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Seroprevalence of Antitransglutaminase and Antiendomysium Antibodies in Adult Colombian Blood Bank Donors

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.1155/2020/7541941 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Sara Paredes-Echeverri ◽

Ayda N. Rodríguez ◽

Wilmer A. Cárdenas ◽

Belén Mendoza de Molano ◽

John M. González

Keyword(s):

Native American ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

High Reactivity ◽

Blood Bank ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Hla Dq2

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy induced by the ingestion of gluten from wheat, barley, and rye in genetically susceptible individuals. The global prevalence of CD is 1.4%. However, most of the prevalence studies have been conducted in Caucasian populations; few studies have been performed in Latin America. The aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of auto-antibodies used as markers for CD in a Colombian cohort. In this cross-sectional study, the serum samples from Colombian donors of the National Red Cross Blood Bank were collected between June and September 2017 in Bogotá, Colombia. All sera were tested for IgA antitissue transglutaminase (TTG) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seropositive sera were tested for IgA antiendomysium (EMA) using indirect immunofluorescence assay. The ancestral genetic composition was determined in donor samples with antibody assay reactivity. Those with two seroreactive assays were typed for HLA class II DQ2 and DQ8. In total, 228 blood donors participated in the study. Among them, 113 were females (49.56%) with an average age of 31.63 years (SD ± 12.99); males had an average of 34.71 years (SD ± 13.01). Only 3 (1.31%) donors reported chronic diarrhea and nonintentional weight loss; 11 (4.82%) had a family history of CD. For the serological assays, 11 donors (4.82%) were seroreactive to IgA anti-TTG: 3 had high reactivity and 8 had low reactivity. Of those seroreactive to IgA anti-TTG, 3 (1.32%) were also seroreactive to anti-EMA, and they were typed as HLA-DQ8 or HLA-DQ2. The baseline ancestral percentage of the seroreactive donors was higher for European and Native American than for African genes. The seroprevalence for anti-TTG and anti-EMA with the presence of HLA-DQ8 and HLA-DQ2 was 1.32%. Additionally, 4.82% donor participants were reactive only for anti-TTG. Compared with other studies, our findings suggest that Colombia has a high prevalence of CD markers.

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Folate-receptor 1 level in periodontal disease: a pilot study

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-019-0909-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Duygu Alkan ◽

Berrak Guven ◽

Cigdem Coskun Turer ◽

Umut Balli ◽

Murat Can

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Folate Receptor ◽

Serum Folate ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum folate-receptor 1 (FOLR1) levels in subjects with different periodontal status. Methods The study consists of three groups: Healthy group (n = 15), gingivitis group (n = 15) and chronic periodontitis group (n = 15). Clinical periodontal parameters including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed. GCF and serum samples were collected from each patient and were analyzed FOLR1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The values of FOLR1 in GCF were higher in gingivitis and periodontitis groups than among patient in control group (p < 0.016). Serum FOLR1 levels showed no significant difference between the groups. A significant correlation was observed between FOLR1 levels of GCF and BOP (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our preliminary data suggest that FOLR1 is not useful in monitoring the periodontal disease. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role, regulation and function of folate and it’s receptors in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.

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Prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Periodontal Findings among 14 to 15-Year Old Danish Adolescents: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9121054 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1054

Author(s):

Anne Birkeholm Jensen ◽

Flemming Isidor ◽

Marianne Lund ◽

Michael Væth ◽

Anders Johansson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northern Europe ◽

Subgingival Plaque ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Clinical Attachment Loss ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Plaque Score ◽

Probing Pocket Depth

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) is a keystone pathogen associated with periodontitis in adolescents. The knowledge on the prevalence of Aa and periodontitis among adolescents in Northern Europe is sparse. A total of 525 14- to 15-year-old adolescents from the municipality of Aarhus, Denmark, underwent a full-mouth clinical examination. Plaque score (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded. Subgingival plaque samples (SPS) and stimulated saliva samples (SSS) were collected and analyzed for the presence of JP2 and non-JP2 genotypes of Aa using real-time PCR. A total of 70 (13.3%) individuals were positive for Aa, with 17 found in SPS, 19 in SSS, and 35 in both. The highly leukotoxic JP2 genotype of Aa was not detected. The individuals positive for Aa in both SPS and SSS had poorer periodontal outcomes (PPD and CAL) than individuals without Aa and individuals carrying Aa in either SPS or SSS only. In conclusion, 13% of 14- to 15-year-old Danish adolescents were positive for Aa, and the presence of Aa in both SPS and SSS was associated with poorer periodontal outcomes.

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Anti-carbamylated protein antibody isotype pattern differs between palindromic rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease ◽

10.1177/1759720x20978139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 1759720X2097813

Author(s):

Raul Castellanos-Moreira ◽

Sebastian C. Rodriguez-Garcia ◽

Sonia Cabrera-Villalba ◽

María José Gomara ◽

Georgina Salvador ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Fetal Calf Serum ◽

Calf Serum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Antibody Isotype ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Palindromic Rheumatism

Background: A restricted response against citrullinated peptides/proteins, with less isotype usage, has been found in palindromic rheumatism (PR) in comparison with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We hypothesized that this different antibody response may be observed for other post-translational modified proteins. We compared the prevalence and isotype usage of two specificities of anti-carbamylated peptide/protein antibodies (Anti-CarP) in patients with PR and RA. Methods: Cross-sectional study including 54 patients with pure PR and 53 patients with RA, matched by sex, age, disease duration and ACPA. Anti-CarP specificities were determined by home-made enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests using a synthetic chimeric fibrin/filaggrin homocitrullinated peptide (CFFHP) and fetal calf serum (FCS) homocitrullinated protein as antigens. IgG, IgA and IgM isotypes were measured. Results: Anti-CarP were positive (CFFHP or FCS) in 24% and 64% of patients with PR and RA, respectively ( p < 0.005). All Anti-CarP isotype proportions were significantly lower in PR than in RA: Anti-CarP-IgG (24% versus 51%), Anti-CarP-IgA (7% versus 34%) and Anti-CarP-IgM (7% versus 36%). Mean titers of Anti-CarP isotypes were also lower in PR. In Anti-CarP positive patients, the isotype distribution differed between PR and RA: IgG Anti-CarP was used in all PR patients and in 79% of RA patients. By contrast, a significantly lower isotype usage of both IgA (31% versus 53%) and IgM (31% versus 56%) was observed in PR patients. No significant differences in clinical or demographic characteristics were observed according to Anti-CarP status in PR patients, except for a higher prevalence of ACPA and higher mean titers of ACPA and rheumatoid factor in Anti-CarP positive patients. Conclusion: Anti-CarP are found in patients with PR but in a lower proportion and with a different isotype usage from in RA, suggesting a distinct B cell response to homocitrullinated antigens in PR.

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Clinical signs, symptoms, perceptions and impact on quality of life of patients suffering peri-implant diseases: a university-representative cross-sectional study

10.1101/2020.06.08.20125229 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mario Romandini ◽

Cristina Lima ◽

Ignacio Pedrinaci ◽

Ana Araoz ◽

Maria Costanza Soldini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

History Of ◽

A Minor ◽

Health Diagnosis

AbstractAimTo study the symptoms and perception reported by patients with peri-implant diseases, as well as their signs and their potential impact on the oral health quality of life.Materials and Methods240 randomly selected patients were invited to participate. As part of the history assessment, the patient OHIP-14Sp was evaluated together with, for each implant, the patient perception regarding the peri-implant health status and the history of pain, spontaneous discomfort, bleeding, suppuration, swelling and discomfort during brushing. As part of the clinical examination, the following potential signs of peri-implant diseases were collected: probing pocket depth (PPD), mucosal dehiscence (MD), extent of BoP, presence of SoP, and visual signs of redness and swelling. Those parameters were analyzed in relation to the actual peri-implant health diagnosis.Results99 patients with a total of 458 dental implants were studied. Even in case of peri-implantitis, 88.89% of the implants were perceived by the patients as healthy. The total OHIP-14Sp sum score did not differ in relation to the peri-implant health diagnosis. Increased reports of spontaneous discomfort, bleeding, swelling and discomfort during brushing were observed in presence of disease. However, only a minor proportion of implants with peri-implant diseases presented symptoms. PPD≥6 mm was more frequent in diseased than in healthy implants(p<0.01), while PPD≥8 in pre-periimplantitis/peri-implantitis than in healthy/mucositis implants(p<0.01). Implants with peri-implantitis showed higher MD than implants without peri-implantitis(p<0.01).ConclusionsPeri-implant diseases are in most cases asymptomatic and not perceived by the patients. Despite being unable to accurately discriminate between peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, PPD and MD resulted as the only two clinical signs associated with pre-periimplantitis/peri-implantitis.

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Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Brucellosis in Livestock and Residents of New Valley Governorate, Egypt

World s Veterinary Journal ◽

10.54203/scil.2020.wvj64 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 531-539

Author(s):

Mohamed Said Diab ◽

Sherif Abd Allah Zidan ◽

Nermin Abdalla A. Hassan ◽

Haitham Elaadli ◽

Ahmed Mohamed Bayoumi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Human Brucellosis ◽

Human Occupation ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease which is now considered endemic in most parts of Egypt. A cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2018 to February 2020 to investigate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in humans and livestock residing in two regions located in New Valley Governorate, Egypt. A total of 1254 animals (673 cattle, 348 sheep, and 233 goats) and 523 human serum samples were examined for brucellosis using Rose Bengal test (RBT) and then randomly selected sera (15 from cattle, 7 from sheep, 3 from goats, and 45 from humans) were further analyzed by complement fixation test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to compare and detect the sensitivity and specificity of RBT. The prevalence of brucellosis was 0% in cattle, sheep, and goats while it was 23.9% in humans using RBT. Concerning humans, there was a higher percentage of infection in EL Kharga (33.6%). The prevalence of this infection was also at a higher level among individuals aged above 40 years (28.57%). Furthermore, men (26.11%) were more inclined to be inflicted, compared to women (22.5%) with no significant difference. Considering the human occupation, abattoir workers were the most predominant group of people at risk (33.3%), followed by farmers (31.25%) and animal keepers (20.6%) while the lowest prevalence was demonstrated in the housewives where the prevalence was 18.8 %. As a result, risk factors of the age range, locality, time of infection, contact with animals, and occupational groups could significantly affect the prevalence of human brucellosis in the New Valley Governorate. In conclusion, brucellosis is an alarming problem among residents of the New Valley Governorate. Thus, reducing the prevalence in humans and animals in the region of study may include restriction of the marketing the raw milk and enhancing public health awareness.

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Correlation of level of expression of Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor Dickkopf-1 with disease activity in Elderly patients of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A cross sectional study

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v9i1.2343 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 348-350

Author(s):

ANUP SINGH

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Bone Erosion ◽

Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Elderly Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dickkopf 1

Objective: To correlate the level of Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients of elderly age group. Methods: Serum samples were collected elderly RA patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria coming to Geriatric outdoor clinic between June 2018 to September 2018. DKK-1 was detected by ELISA. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF) titers, and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody were also measured in patients with RA. Results: Twenty one patients were enrolled in study period. The serum level of DKK-1 was significantly higher in patients with severe RA with high DAS score (p < 0.01); The serum DKK-1 level was correlated with T-score (r= -0.588; p = 0.005), Z-Score(r= -0.458, p = 0.037) and the larson score of radiologic change (r = +0.673, p = 0.001) in RA, however not correlated significantly with ESR, CRP. Conclusion: DKK-1 may serve as a biomarker of bone erosion and correlates with the disease activity in RA patients of elderly age group. Keyword: DKK 1, Rheumatoid arthritis, Geriatric, Osteoporosis.

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