Where have all the mosquito nets gone? Spatial modelling reveals mosquito net distributions across Tanzania do not target optimal Anopheles mosquito habitats

Abstract Malaria is a serious global health issue, with around 200 million cases per year. As such, great effort has been put into the mass distribution of bed nets as a means of prophylaxis within Africa. Distributed mosquito nets are intended to be used for malaria protection, yet increasing evidence suggests that fishing is a primary use for these nets, providing fresh concerns for already stressed coastal ecosystems. While research documents the scale of mosquito net fisheries globally, no quantitative analysis of their landings exists. The effects of these fisheries on the wider ecosystem assemblages have not previously been examined. In this study, we present the first detailed analysis of the sustainability of these fisheries by examining the diversity, age class, trophic structure and magnitude of biomass removal. Dragnet landings, one of two gear types in which mosquito nets can be utilised, were recorded across ten sites in northern Mozambique where the use of Mosquito nets for fishing is common. Our results indicate a substantial removal of juveniles from coastal seagrass meadows, many of which are commercially important in the region or play important ecological roles. We conclude that the use of mosquito nets for fishing may contribute to food insecurity, greater poverty and the loss of ecosystem functioning.

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Achieving net benefits: A road map for cross-sectoral policy development in response to the unintended use of mosquito nets as fishing gear

10.31235/osf.io/2g7vb ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rebecca Ellen Short ◽

Prue Addison ◽

Nicholas Hill ◽

William Arlidge ◽

Sara Berthe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Policy Development ◽

Expert Knowledge ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Management Development ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

Road Map ◽

Mosquito Nets ◽

Net Benefits ◽

Sectoral Policy ◽

Policy Mechanisms

This document presents the results of an expert knowledge elicitation workshop which identifies policy mechanisms of relevance to the issue of mosquito net fishing across the relevant sectors of public health, fisheries management, development and conservation. A synthesis of current policy and future recommendations is contextualised within the relevant literature across these sectors, and a first assessment of potential interventions is presented.

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Assessment on the ownership and use of mosquito nets in Mozambique

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s1518-8787.2016050006335 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Jorge Alexandre Harrison Arroz ◽

Francisco Chirrute ◽

Chandana Mendis ◽

Marta Honesta Chande ◽

Veronique Kollhoff

Keyword(s):

Quality Assurance ◽

Mass Distribution ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sampling Methodology ◽

Mosquito Nets ◽

Lot Quality Assurance Sampling ◽

Low Coverage

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To assess the ownership and use of mosquito nets in 2014, in Mozambique. METHODS This observational and cross-sectional study assessed, in February and March 2015, 69 districts (nine of 11 provinces of Mozambique) that have benefited from the mass distribution of mosquito nets. The Lot Quality Assurance Sampling methodology was used. Each locality was denominated supervision area. The Lot Quality Assurance Sampling opts for a minimum of 19 households (in this case, we decided for a minimum of 100 households per district) from each supervision area to assess an indicator (in this case, two indicators were assessed: ownership and use of mosquito nets). Two questions guided the research: a) received a mosquito net; b) used a mosquito net the night before. RESULTS A total of 6,725 households were assessed. Eighty three percent of them had received mosquito nets in the campaign. Of the 6,232 respondents, 82.0% said they used mosquito nets the night before. The districts of the provinces with low coverage of ownership and use were Tete (69.5% and 60.0%, respectively), Zambezia (79.0% and 60.0%, respectively), and Gaza (81.6% and 70.7%, respectively). The largest coverage of ownership and use were observed in the districts of Nampula (96.7% and 93.8%, respectively) and Niassa (86.0% and 85.4% respectively). CONCLUSIONS In the districts assessed, the progression of ownership and use of mosquito nets is satisfactory. Nampula and Niassa are the only provinces where ownership and use are at desired levels.

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Behavior of the Use of Mosquito Net as a Prevention of Malaria in Ondorea Village, Nanga Panda Sub-district

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6518 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (E) ◽

pp. 620-623

Author(s):

Yustina PM Paschalia ◽

Anatolia K. Doondori ◽

Irfan Irfan ◽

Norma Tiku Kambuno

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Total Sample ◽

Primary Data ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family Attitudes ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Mosquito Nets ◽

Family Behavior ◽

Tropical Climates

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease that is still a world public health problem, especially in developing countries with tropical climates, including Indonesia. Ondorea Village in Nangapanda Subdistrict, Ende Regency, is one of the villages in East Nusa Tenggara, which is a province with APIs above the national average. Objective: To determine family behavior in using mosquito nets as an effort to prevent malaria in Ondorea Village, Nangapanda District. Method: This research is a survey research type with descriptive research design, the design used is"cross sectional".The population were all families residing in Ondorea Village, totaling 178 families, the sample in this study used a total sample. The variable in this study was a single variable, namely family behavior in the use of mosquito nets. The data used in this study are primary data collected by making home visits. Results: Public knowledge about the use of mosquito nets as an effort to prevent malaria in Ondorea Village, Nangapanda District was in the sufficient category, namely 85.39%, those with good knowledge of 6.34% and those with moderate knowledge of 7.87%. The public attitude about the use of mosquito nets is in the good category, namely 99.4%, which has a sufficient attitude of 0.56%. Conclusion: There is no relationship between the level of knowledge and the behavior of using mosquito nets, but it is found that there is a relationship between family attitudes and the behavior of using mosquito nets as an effort to prevent malaria

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Praktek Pencegahan Penularan Malaria pada Balita di Puskesmas Kabukarudi Sumba Barat

Lontar : Journal of Community Health ◽

10.35508/ljch.v1i1.2154 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 23-29

Author(s):

Florentina Gehand Wau ◽

Honey I. Ndoen ◽

Soleman Landi

Keyword(s):

Health Center ◽

Health Workers ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Chi Square ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

Mosquito Nets ◽

Genus Plasmodium ◽

Children Health ◽

Infection Disease ◽

Control Study

Malaria is the infection disease wich is caused by parasite genus plasmodium which is infected eritrosit. Kabukarudi Health Center has the highest cases of malaria in West Sumba. Malaria on 2015 were approximately 240 cases of which most cases happend in children under five years old. The research aims to to know the effect of nutrient, application of repellent and the usage of mosquito nets in Kabukarudi Health Center in Lamboya District of West Sumba. The research was case control study with the sample of 45 children infected by malaria and 45 uninfected children. The research instrument used was questionnaire and data were analyzed by Chi-Square. The result showed that the nutrient status had no effect on Malaria (p=0,383; OR=2), while repellent application (p=0, 007., OR=4,047) and mosquito net usage (p=0, 000; OR=6,484), influenced malaria cases in children. Health workers need to deliver information about the benefits of repellent and usage of mosquito nets to communities, especially to mother to help prevent malaria in children.

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Social vulnerability of children aged 5 to 15 years to malaria in Madagascar: 3 anthropological studies LLIN use

10.21203/rs.3.rs-62182/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ammy Fiadanana NJATOSOA ◽

Chiarella Mattern ◽

Dolorès Pourette ◽

Thomas Kesteman ◽

Elliot Rakotomanana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Effective Means ◽

Well Being ◽

Malaria Prevalence ◽

Observation Data ◽

Age Group ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

Mosquito Nets ◽

Llin Use ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract BackgroundAlthough it is accepted that long lasting insecticide bed net (LLIN) use is an effective means to prevent malaria, children aged 5 to 15 years do not appear to be sufficiently protected in Madagascar; malaria prevalence is highest in this age group. The purpose of this article is to summarize recent qualitative studies describing LLIN use among children aged 5–15 years and explore options to increase their use in this age group.MethodsQualitative data from three anthropological studies on malaria conducted between 2012 and 2016 in 10 districts of Madagascar were analyzed. These studies cover all malaria epidemiological profiles and 10 of the 18 existing ethnic groups in Madagascar. A thematic analysis was conducted on the collected data from semi-structured interviews, direct observation data, and informal interviews.ResultsA total of 192 semi-structured interviews were conducted. LLINs are generally perceived positively because they protect the health and well-being of users. However, regional representations of mosquito nets may contribute to LLIN nonuse by children over 5 years of age including the association between married status and LLIN use, which leads to the refusal of unmarried young men to sleep under LLINs; the custom of covering the dead with a mosquito net, which leads to fear of LLIN use; and taboos governing sleeping spaces for siblings of opposite sexes, which leads to LLIN shortages in households. Children under 5 years of age are known to be the most vulnerable age group for acquiring malaria and therefore are prioritized for LLIN use when there are limited supplies in households. In contrast, children over 5 years of age, who are perceived to be at less risk for malaria, often sleep without LLINs.ConclusionsPerceptions, social practices and regional beliefs regarding LLINs s and vulnerability to malaria contribute to the nonuse of LLINs among children over 5 years of age in Madagascar. Modifying LLIN policies to account for these factors may increase LLIN use in this age group and reduce disease burden.Trial registrationNot applicable

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Knowledge Attitude and Practices Towards the Use of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets Among Pregnant Women in Lukolo Health Center III Jinja District.

10.51168/sjhrafrica.v2i3.27 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

ARTHUR MUWOYA

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Methods ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Roll Back Malaria ◽

Insecticide Treated Nets ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Ministry Of Health ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

Mosquito Nets ◽

The Government ◽

Pregnant Mothers

Background: There are an estimated 25 million pregnancies in sub-Saharan Africa at risk of malaria, the consequences of which can be serious for both mother and fetus in terms of morbidity and mortality. The Government of Uganda (GOU) through the Ministry of Health (MOH) and implementing partners like the Global Fund and the Roll Back Malaria initiative were compelled to try to maximize the use of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets (ITNs) to mitigate the effects of malaria among vulnerable populations. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used which involved both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and it involved 126 (one hundred twenty-six) respondents using self-administered questionnaires. Data collected was thematically presented and analyzed using descriptive frequencies and percentages using Microsoft excel. Results: This study showed that pregnant mothers' knowledge of the use of insecticide-treated nets was good. However, the respondents' attitude towards the use of Insecticide-treated nets was poor/ negative as up-to 60% of them felt putting on the mosquito net was inconveniencing, 67% didn't think that it was important to sleep under an ITN when one had taken Fansidar at ANC. Also, the practice of pregnant mothers towards the use of ITNs was not good too as only (43%) of the mothers had ITNs. A big number (71%) couldn't afford them, and (10%) believed they didn't need them. Important to note too, most (57%) mothers continued to use ITNS even when they had holes as, (3%) used it for other things like catching white ants. Conclusions and recommendations: The majority of the pregnant mothers' knowledge of the use of insecticide-treated nets was good as mothers could identify that malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes. The government, through the Ministry of Health, should intensify the free distribution of nets by conducting frequent mass distribution campaigns in the country.

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Studies on Deltamethrin Treated Mosquito Net

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2010/272051 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (s1) ◽

pp. S15-S22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Tyagi ◽

T. Sharma ◽

M. Singh ◽

K. Fatma ◽

V. S. Rawat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Determination ◽

Quantitative Estimation ◽

Complete Information ◽

Chromatographic Technique ◽

Mosquito Repellent ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

Surface Extraction ◽

Mosquito Nets ◽

Method Of Extraction

The focus of the present studies is to characterize mosquito net for its material of construction and qualitative as well as quantitative determination of the mosquito repellent chemical deltamethrin present in it. Further, the assessment of the mode of incorporation of the deltamethrin in the fabric of the mosquito net was done,i.e. whether the deltamethrin was present as a coating on the surface of the mosquito net or it was incorporated in the bulk of the material of construction of the mosquito net. The chromatographic technique has been used for quantitative estimation of deltamethrin extracted by two different solvents from the net. It has been found that the determination of deltamethrin in mosquito nets can vary with the method of extraction used. While extraction with acetone is good enough for estimating the chemical adsorbed on the surface, extraction with xylene provides complete information about the chemical present even in the bulk of the material.

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Epidemiological Survey on the Utilization of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets in Malaria Control among Gyadi-Gyadi Communities in Kano, Nigeria

International Journal of Pharmacy and Infections Therapy ◽

10.31829/2765-852x/ijpit2018-1(1)-104 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-12

Keyword(s):

Malaria Control ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Malaria Prevention ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mosquito Nets ◽

Willingness To Use

Background: Malaria causes an overwhelmingly large number of cases and deaths round the globe every year. Insecticide treated mosquito nets (ITNs) have raised a renewed interest to serve as tools for malaria control in Africa. This survey was, therefore, designed to provide information about the knowledge, attitude and experience of the community about malaria as a disease and its preventive methods, particularly acceptability, affordability and compliance to the use of insecticide treated mosquito nets, and factors influencing its possession and utilization of ITNs among Gyadi-Gyadi communities in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gyadi-Gyadi from January, 2020 to February, 2020. Data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was performed to obtain the frequency distribution of the variables. Results: The result shows that 341 participants responded to the questionnaire. 64.5% of the respondents had heard about the mosquito net. 45% of the respondents in the survey reported the presence of at least one mosquito net in their households. 69.2% of the participants perceived fever, headache and chilling of the body as the main symptoms of malaria. Conclusion: The utilization of mosquito nets at the time of the study was very low. However, acceptability and willingness to use ITNs for malaria prevention was very high. It is recommended that communities should be strongly sensitized on the importance of ITNs for malaria control and the availability and affordability should be insured.

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