scholarly journals Circular RNAs’ cap-independent translation protein and its roles in carcinomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian He ◽  
Changfeng Man ◽  
Shouyan Xiang ◽  
Lin Yao ◽  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Deep Sequencing Technology ◽  
Rna Deep Sequencing ◽  
Independent Mechanism ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Translation Mechanism ◽  
Independent Translation

AbstractCircular RNAs a kind of covalently closed RNA and widely expressed in eukaryotes. CircRNAs are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, but their regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Given the development of the RNA deep-sequencing technology and the improvement of algorithms, some CircRNAs are discovered to encode proteins through the cap-independent mechanism and participate in the important process of tumorigenesis and development. Based on an overview of CircRNAs, this paper summarizes its translation mechanism and research methods, and reviews the research progress of CircRNAs translation in the field of oncology in recent years. Moreover, this paper aims to provide new ideas for tumor diagnosis and treatment through CircRNAs translation.

scholarly journals Research Progress of circRNAs in Glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Guo ◽  
Haozhe Piao
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Terminal Poly

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded covalently closed non-coding RNAs without a 5′ cap structure or 3′ terminal poly (A) tail, which are expressed in a variety of tissues and cells with conserved, stable and specific characteristics. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal tumor in the central nervous system, characterized by high recurrence and mortality rates. The specific expression of circRNAs in GBM has demonstrated their potential to become new biomarkers for the development of GBM. The specific expression of circRNAs in GBM has shown their potential as new biomarkers for GBM cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, which provides new ideas for GBM treatment. In this paper, we will review the biological properties and functions of circRNAs and their biological roles and clinical applications in GBM.

scholarly journals CircRNAs: Emerging Bladder Cancer Biomarkers and Targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaofeng Liang ◽  
Wenhao Guo ◽  
Shikun Fang ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Ling Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Tissue Specificity ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Mirna Sponge

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are newly discovered intriguing RNAs due to the covalently closed loop structure, high stability, tissue specificity, and functional diversity. In recent years, a large number of circRNAs have been identified through high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics methods, the abnormal expression of circRNAs are closely related to many diseases including bladder cancer (BC). CircRNAs have been proven to have several functions, such as acting as a regulator of parental gene transcription, miRNA sponge and interacting with proteins to regulate its expression. In addition, some circRNAs have been identified to encode proteins. CircRNAs have the characteristics of high abundance, high stability, wide distribution in body fluids, tissue specificity, and developmental stage specificity, which determine that circRNAs has great potential to be utilized as biomarkers for BC. Herein, we briefly summarize the biogenesis, functions and roles, and the current research progress of circRNAs in BC with a focus on the potential application for BC diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Soil Microorganism Application Based on High-Throughput Sequencing Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 692 (4) ◽  
pp. 042059
Author(s):  
Yujun Zhang ◽  
Puchang Wang ◽  
Zhongfu Long ◽  
Leilei Ding ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Soil Microorganism ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Sequencing Technology

scholarly journals Essential Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Enterovirus Infection: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2904
Author(s):  
Peiyu Zhu ◽  
Shuaiyin Chen ◽  
Weiguo Zhang ◽  
Guangcai Duan ◽  
Yuefei Jin
Keyword(s):  
Acute Flaccid Paralysis ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Enterovirus Infection ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Failure ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Enteroviruses (EVs) are common RNA viruses that can cause various types of human diseases and conditions such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), myocarditis, meningitis, sepsis, and respiratory disorders. Although EV infections in most patients are generally mild and self-limiting, a small number of young children can develop serious complications such as encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, myocarditis, and cardiorespiratory failure, resulting in fatalities. Established evidence has suggested that certain non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the occurrence and progression of many human diseases. Recently, the involvement of ncRNAs in the course of EV infection has been reported. Herein, the authors focus on recent advances in the understanding of ncRNAs in EV infection from basic viral pathogenesis to clinical prospects, providing a reference basis and new ideas for disease prevention and research directions.

scholarly journals Characterization of microRNAs from goat (Capra hircus) by Solexa deep-sequencing technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1951-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.H. Ling ◽  
J.P. Ding ◽  
X.D. Zhang ◽  
L.J. Wang ◽  
Y.H. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Deep Sequencing Technology ◽  
Solexa Deep Sequencing

scholarly journals Research Progress of circRNAs in Head and Neck Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panchun Li ◽  
Kunjie Zhu ◽  
Yongzhen Mo ◽  
Xiangying Deng ◽  
Xianjie Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
High Conservation

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of non-coding RNAs. Because of their characteristics of a closed loop structure, disease- and tissue-specificity, and high conservation and stability, circRNAs have the potential to be biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Head and neck cancers are one of the most common malignant tumors with high incidence rates globally. Affected patients are often diagnosed at the advanced stage with poor prognosis, owing to the concealment of anatomic sites. The characteristics, functions, and specific mechanisms of circRNAs in head and neck cancers are increasingly being discovered, and they have important clinical significance for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of patients with cancer. In this study, the generation, characteristics, and functions of circRNAs, along with their regulatory mechanisms in head and neck cancers have been summarized. We report that circRNAs interact with molecules such as transcription and growth factors to influence specific pathways involved in tumorigenesis. We conclude that circRNAs have an important role to play in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, energy and substance metabolism, and treatment resistance in cancers.

scholarly journals The research progress of circular RNAs in hematological malignancies

Hematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 727-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Ji ◽  
Qiuni Chen ◽  
Shandong Tao ◽  
Yuye Shi ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas

scholarly journals The Regulatory Functions of Circular RNAs in Digestive System Cancers

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yuan ◽  
Ya Yuan ◽  
Zhi He ◽  
Diyan Li ◽  
Bo Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Mirna Sponges ◽  
And Biological Markers

Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), which are a type of covalently closed circular RNA, are receiving increasing attention. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that circRNAs are involved in the biogenesis and development of multiple diseases such as digestive system cancers. Dysregulated circRNAs have been found to act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in digestive system cancers. Moreover, circRNAs are related to ageing and a wide variety of processes in tumour cells, such as cell apoptosis, invasion, migration, and proliferation. Moreover, circRNAs can perform a remarkable multitude of biological functions, such as regulating splicing or transcription, binding RNA-binding proteins to enable function, acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, and undergoing translated into proteins. However, in digestive system cancers, circRNAs function mainly as miRNA sponges. Herein, we summarise the latest research progress on biological functions of circRNAs in digestive system cancers. This review serves as a synopsis of potential therapeutic targets and biological markers for digestive system cancer.

scholarly journals The Mechanism and Clinical Significance of Circular RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyue Huang ◽  
Haoming Xia ◽  
Shuqiang Liu ◽  
Xudong Zhao ◽  
Risheng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. In view of the lack of early obvious clinical symptoms and related early diagnostic biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity, most HCC patients are already at the advanced stages at the time of diagnosis, and most of them are accompanied by distant metastasis. Furthermore, the unsatisfactory effect of the follow-up palliative care contributes to the poor overall survival of HCC patients. Therefore, it is urgent to identify effective early diagnosis and prognostic biomarkers and to explore novel therapeutic approaches to improve the prognosis of HCC patients. Circular RNA (CircRNA), a class of plentiful, stable, and highly conserved ncRNA subgroup with the covalent closed loop, is dysregulated in HCC. Increasingly, emerging evidence have confirmed that dysregulated circRNAs can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level, mediating various malignant biological behaviors of HCC cells, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, immune escape, stemness, and drug resistance, etc.; meanwhile, they are regarded as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of HCC. This article reviews the research progress of circRNAs in HCC, expounding the potential molecular mechanisms of dysregulated circRNAs in the carcinogenesis and development of HCC, and discusses those application prospects in the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.

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