scholarly journals Endophytic bacteria isolated from higher plant in Aceh, Indonesia, and their chemical compounds activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vina Maulidia ◽  
Rina Sriwati ◽  
Loekas Soesanto ◽  
Syamsuddin ◽  
Takahiro Hamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Higher Plant

Abstract Background Endophytic bacteria are an association between bacteria and plant tissue that could play a role as a biocontrol agent. Main body Endophytic bacteria were isolated from several high root plants in Aceh, Indonesia. This study aimed to detect the chemical compounds of the potential endophytic bacteria as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). There were 198 endophytic bacterial isolates detected in roots of 9 higher plant. The hypersensitive reaction showed that 193 isolated endophytic bacteria were non-pathogenic. There were 13 isolated endophytic bacteria that worked to inhibit FOL between 50.0 and 89.2%; such endophytic bacteria were isolated from Solanum lycopersicum L., Psidium guajava L., Dendrocalamus asper (Schult with f.) Backer ex Heyne, Pinus merkusii L., Theobroma cacao L., and Albizia chinensis L. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed that the endophytic bacteria were derived from species Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. mosselii, Arthrobacter sp., Bacillus cereus, B. thuringiensis, and Serratia marcescens. P. aeruginosa that showed the highest inhibition was analyzed using GC-MS analysis. The analysis identified that antibiotics as Pyrrolo [1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl)- was produced by P. aeruginosa succeeded in suppressing FOL. Conclusion The study recommends the species P. aeruginosa, as effective endophytic bacteria for the control of FOL pathogen.

scholarly journals ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA DIVERSITY FROM ZINGIBERACEAE AND ANTICANDIDAL CHARACTERIZATION PRODUCED BY Pseudomonas helmanticensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Tri Ratna Sulistiyani ◽  
Masrukhin Masrukhin ◽  
Ismu Purnaningsih ◽  
Toga Pangihotan Napitupulu ◽  
Agus Budiyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Membrane Disruption ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Anticandidal Activity

Endophytic microbes are sources for the novel antibiotic. We isolated endophytic bacteria from Zingiberaceae collected from West Sulawesi, Indonesia, and investigated their anticandidal activity. Molecular identification of the isolates was done using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The antimicrobial activity was tested against four bacteria and one yeast. The anticandidal compound of selected bacteria was extracted using three different solvents (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol), and each fraction was tested for their anticandidal activity. Anticandidal minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined with concentration ranging from 300 to 18.75 μg/mL, and the morphology of the Candida cells after treatment was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The identification of anticandidal compounds was conducted using GC-MS. A total of 24 isolates were collected from Zingiberaceae plants. There were 14 genera and 19 species belonging to Gammaproteobacteria (66.67%), Alphaproteobacteria (25.00%), Actinobacteria (4.17%), Bacteriodetes (4.17%), and a new record for Lelliottia aquatilis as an endophytic bacteria. One of 24 isolates identified as Pseudomonas helmanticensis isolated from Alpinia melichroa showed anticandidal activity. Ethyl acetate was the appropriate solvent to extract the anticandidal compounds. Diisooctyl phthalate was found as the most abundant compound in the extract for the anticandidal activity. An increase in extract concentration did not reduce the Candida cell number. The extract treatment showed membrane disruption of Candida albicans cells. We propose that active compounds from P. helmanticensis are potential as anticandidal sources and could be explored more for the pharmaceutical industry. 

Isolation and Identification of a New Pathogen Causing Mulberry Bacterial Wilt Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 526-530
Author(s):  
Xing Jiang ◽  
Fu An Wu ◽  
Shui Qin Fang ◽  
Yan Dong Zhang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Disease ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

To identify the pathogen of Mulberry wilt disease, a tested strain WJ-1 was isolated from a naturally infected mulberry in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, P. R. China. Hypersensitive reaction, along with Koch’s postulates, morphological, biochemical and physiological characterization, light microscope observation and molecular identification were performed on WJ-1. The results indicated that WJ-1 was a Gram-negative, short-rod shaped bacterium. Based on morphology and the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, WJ-1 strain was identified as members of the genusEnterobacter. The phylogenetic tree revealed that WJ-1 shared the highest homology withEnterobacter cloacaestrain M5. It was another evidence on plant disease caused byEnterobacterspecies. We found thatEnterobacterspecies could cause mulberry wilt disease in Guangzhou.

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Identification of Fusarium oxysporum Sch. Isolated From Guava Wilt in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Zakir Hussain ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
MA Latif ◽  
MA Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Species Specific

Wilt of guava plants (Psidium guajava L.) is a serious disease in Bangladesh. Sixteen isolates of Fusarium oxysporum Sch. were collected from the root and stem fragments of guava plants growing in six districts of Bangladesh. Species identity was based on the colony character, nature of conidiogenous cell, morphology of microconidia, macroconidia and chlamydospores. Eleven isolates were confirmed as F. oxysporum through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species specific primers designed from the conserved regions of 18S rRNA gene. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11082 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 49-54, 2012 (June)

scholarly journals Identifcation of antibiotic producing endophytic microbe isolates from a national park in Java island

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Sri Yuwantiningsih ◽  
Sebastian Margino ◽  
Subagus Wahyuono
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
National Park ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Analysis ◽  
Molecular Identity ◽  
Antibiotic Compounds

Endophytic microbes are potential sources of antibiotics. Some numbers of endophytic bacteria were isolated from plants in Ujung Kulon, Kaliurang, Meru Betiri and Baluran National Park, Bogor Botanical Garden, and Nusakambangan forest, Indonesia. Previous studies have been conducted to examine and obtain endophytic bacteria isolates from the selected plants, which resulted in three selected isolates, namely OOH-1, STG-1, and CMB-2. This research was conducted to determine the molecular identity of OOH-1 and STG-1 isolates, as well as to identify antibiotic compounds produced by STG-1 isolate. Molecular identifcation of selected isolates was based on 16S rRNA gene analysis and amplifed using primers 27F and 1492R. A phylogeny tree was then constructed by comparing the resulting sequences with data from Gene Bank using the BLAST-N program. The identifcation showed that STG-1 isolate had a 99% similarity with Pseudomonas brenneri strain SFML 97-391, and OOH-1 isolate had a 99% similarity with Enterobacter xiangfangensis. Identifcation of antibiotic compounds was done by purifcation and separation of the compounds. Antibiotic activity was also examined based on Lethal Concentration (LC50) on Fusarium oxysporum with a LC50 of 0.01–0.02% against Fusarium oxysporum.

scholarly journals The potential of endophytic bacteria from the root of Eucalyptus pellita as a biocontrol agent against Ralstonia solanacearum

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliana Susanti ◽  
GIYANTO GIYANTO ◽  
MEITY SURADJI SINAGA ◽  
KIKIN HAMZAH MUTAQIN ◽  
BUDI TJAHJONO2
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Protease Enzyme

Abstract. Susanti Y, Giyanto, Sinaga MS, Mutaqin KH, Tjahjono B. 2021. The potential of endophytic bacteria from the root of Eucalyptus pellita as a biocontrol agent against Ralstonia solanacearum. Biodiversitas 22: 3454-3462. Bacterial wilt disease (BWD) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most damaging eucalyptus (Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell.) diseases. However, endophytic bacteria can be utilized to control it. This study aims to obtain and screen endophytic bacteria isolated from the root of eucalyptus as a biocontrol agent against BWD. A pathogenic R. solanacearum was isolated for artificial inoculation; subsequently, isolation, characterization and screening of the potential endophytic bacteria were conducted. Isolates of R. solanacearum demonstrated the pathogenicity for BWD in eucalyptus, with the highest virulence found in Rs 18. In total, 24 isolates of endophytic bacteria were obtained and screened for their biocontrol potential. The endophytic bacteria conveyed the capacity of antibiosis, indole acetic acid (IAA) hormone, nitrogen fixation, phosphate dissolution, protease enzyme and AHL-lactonase, which are the main indicators of bioagent characteristics in endophytic bacteria, as well as being plant growth stimulators. Four isolates were selected with the highest according to the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), identified on the 16S rRNA gene. Most isolates belonged to gram-negative bacteria. The four isolates, namely B33/77 (Serratia nematodiphila), B32/77 (Paenibacillus polymyxa), B13/497 (Brevundimonas olei) and B17/111 (Bacillus megaterium), indicated their potential for biocontrol as plant growth promoters. This study is the first report on the isolation of endophytic bacterial from eucalyptus roots with regard to its benefit as a plant growth promoter. It provides basic information about the characteristics of the endophytic bacteria, which showed potential as a biocontrol agent of R. solanacearum on eucalyptus.

Effect of the endophytic plant growth promoting Enterobacter ludwigii EB4B on tomato growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E.A. Bendaha ◽  
H.A. Belaouni
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Enterobacter Ludwigii ◽  
Tomato Growth

SummaryThis study aims to develop a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) in tomato. For this, a set of 23 bacterial endophytic isolates has been screened for their ability to inhibit in vitro the growth of FORL using the dual plate assay. Three isolates with the most sound antagonistic activity to FORL have been qualitatively screened for siderophore production, phosphates solubilization and indolic acetic acid (IAA) synthesis as growth promotion traits. Antagonistic values of the three candidates against FORL were respectively: 51.51 % (EB4B), 51.18 % (EB22K) and 41.40 % (EB2A). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolates EB4B and EB22K were closely related to Enterobacter ludwigii EN-119, while the strain EB2A has been assigned to Leclercia adecarboxylata NBRC 102595. The promotion of tomato growth has been assessed in vitro using the strains EB2A, EB4B and EB22K in presence of the phytopathogen FORL. The treatments with the selected isolates increased significantly the root length and dry weight. Best results were observed in isolate EB4B in terms of growth promotion in the absence of FORL, improving 326.60 % of the root length and 142.70 % of plant dry weight if compared with untreated controls. In the presence of FORL, the strain EB4B improved both root length (180.81 %) and plant dry weight (202.15 %). These results encourage further characterization of the observed beneficial effect of Enterobacter sp. EB4B for a possible use as biofertilizer and biocontrol agent against FORL.

scholarly journals Diversity and Biocontrol Potential of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Halophytes from the West Aral Sea Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Jinbiao Ma ◽  
Yonghong Liu ◽  
Yin Huang ◽  
Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Isolation Effect ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens

Endophytes associated with halophytes may contribute to the host’s adaptation to adverse environmental conditions through improving their stress tolerance and protecting them from various soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the diversity and antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria associated with halophytic samples growing on the shore of the western Aral Sea in Uzbekistan were investigated. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the nine halophytic samples by using the culture-dependent method and identified according to their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The screening of endophytic bacterial isolates with the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi was completed by the plate confrontation method. A total of 289 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the nine halophytes, and they belong to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The predominant genera of the isolated endophytic bacteria were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces, accounting for 38.5%, 24.7%, and 12.5% of the total number of isolates, respectively. The comparative analysis indicated that the isolation effect was better for the sample S8, with the highest diversity and richness indices. The diversity index of the sample S7 was the lowest, while the richness index of samples S5 and S6 was the lowest. By comparing the isolation effect of 12 different media, it was found that the M7 medium had the best performance for isolating endophytic bacteria associated with halophytes in the western Aral Sea Basin. In addition, the results showed that only a few isolates have the ability to produce ex-enzymes, and eight and four endophytic bacterial isolates exhibited significant inhibition to the growth of Valsa mali and Verticillium dahlia, respectively. The results of this study indicated that halophytes are an important source for the selection of microbes that may protect plant from soil-borne pathogens.

Bacterial endosymbiont inhabiting Leucaena leucocephala leaves and their antioxidant and antidiabetic potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridevi Chigurupati ◽  
Shantini Vijayabalan ◽  
Kesavanarayanan Krishnan Selvarajan ◽  
Ahmad Alhowail ◽  
Fatema Kauser
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Standard Drug

AbstractObjectivesResearch on endosymbionts is emerging globally and is considered as a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals. The present study examines the antioxidant and antidiabetic of the endophytic crude extract isolated from Leucaena leucocephala leaves.MethodsEndophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaves of L. leucocephala and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to establish their identity. The in vitro antioxidant effect of endophytic crude extract (LL) was evaluated using 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging methods. The in vitro antidiabetic properties of LL were evaluated using α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay.ResultsThe isolated endophytic bacteria were identified as Cronobacter sakazakii. LL displayed potent free radical scavenging effect against ABTS and DPPH radicals with an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) value of 17.49 ± 0.06 and 11.3 ± 0.1 μg/mL respectively. LL exhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 value of 23.3 ± 0.08 and 23.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL respectively compared to the standard drug (acarbose). Both glucose loaded normoglycemic rats and STZ induced diabetic rats treated with LL (200 mg/kg) exhibited a considerable reduction in blood glucose levels p<0.01 after 8 h of treatment when compared to normal and diabetic control rats respectively.ConclusionsThus, the study shows that LL has a wellspring of natural source of antioxidants, and antidiabetic agents and phytoconstituents present in endophytes could be the rich source for bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Characterization of symbiotic and associated bacteria from entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis sp. (nematode: Heterorhabditidae) isolated from India

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Pervez ◽  
Showkat Ahmad Lone ◽  
Sasmita Pattnaik
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Approaches

Abstract Background Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) harboring symbiotic bacteria are one of the safest alternatives to the chemical insecticides for the control of various insect pests. Infective juveniles of EPNs locate a target insect, enter through the openings, and reach the hemocoel, where they release the symbiotic bacteria and the target gets killed by the virulence factors of the bacteria. Photorhabdus with Heterorhabditis spp. are well documented; little is known about the associated bacteria. Main body In this study, we explored the presence of symbiotic and associated bacteria from Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 09) and characterized by phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular approaches. Six bacterial isolates, belonging to four different genera, were recovered and identified as follows: Photorhabdus luminescens, one each strain of Providencia vermicola, Pseudomonas entomophila, Alcaligenes aquatilis, and two strains of Alcaligenes faecalis based on the phenotypic, biochemical criteria and the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. Conclusion P. luminescens is symbiotically associated with Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 09), whereas P. vermicola, P. entomophila, A. aquatilis, and A. faecalis are the associated bacteria. Further studies are needed to determine the exact role of the bacterial associates with the Heterorhabditis sp.

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