scholarly journals Phytochemical screening, metal concentration determination, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial evaluation of Drymaria diandra plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Phuyal ◽  
Pawan Kumar Ojha ◽  
Biswash Guragain ◽  
Narendra Kumar Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Concentration Determination ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Abstract Background Several phytochemical constitutes possess natural antioxidant activity and are in fact advantageous in reducing many oxidative stress related diseases. Drymaria diandra of Caryophyllaceae family is one such plant which exhibits various medicinal properties. The aim of the current study is to provide detailed exploration of phytochemical constitutes, metal concentration determination, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of Drymaria diandra. Results Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of maximum number of metabolites in methanol-water (1:1) extract. The heavy and toxic metals such as As, Cd, Cr, and Pb were almost near to the detection limit. The concentration of Fe (19.64 mg/l) was highest followed by Mn (2.35 mg/l). The (IC50) value for methanol extract was found 195.61 which is greater than the standard Ascorbic acid. Antibacterial activity of methanol extract was found higher for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with 22-mm and 14-mm sized diameter of zone of inhibition respectively and methanol-water extract for Proteus vulgaris with 17-mm diameter of zone of inhibition. Conclusion The findings of the present study showed the presence of various valuable phytochemical constitutes responsible to give antibacterial and antioxidant potency. The presence of bio-metals and the absence of toxic metals further highlight the importance of plant as the source of food that bears medicinal properties.

scholarly journals SANTALUM ALBUM;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Gull ◽  
Asim Mushtaq ◽  
Muhammad Umer ◽  
Sajid Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Lemon Grass

Medicinal plants are good alternate of antibiotics against many bacterial as well as other diseases. Santalum album (Sandal) and Cymbopogon (Lemon grass) are two important medicinal plants whose important components were extracted by sequential extraction from non-polar to polar solvents. The study was aimed at finding antibacterial and radical scavenging potential of Santalum album (Sandal) and Cymbopogon (Lemon grass). Study Design: In vitro study. Setting: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat. Period: 12 months. Material and Methods: Sequential extracts of Santalum album and Cymbopogon with n-hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethylacetate, ethanol, butanol and water respectively were prepared to evaluate antibacterial activity against Staph aureus (25923), Staph aureus (38541), E.coli (25922), E.coli (35318), Streptococcus pyrogenes (Tc-11-2) and Shigella sonnei (BB-8). 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to assess antioxidant activity. Results: Ethanolic and acetone extracts of sandal and lemongrass showed significant inhibtory activity against all seven strains. In case of sandal, acetone extract exhibited highest inhibitory activity against Staph aureus (25923) with 17±2 mm zone of inhibition while ethanolic extract of lemon grass showed highest activity with 16.333 ± 1.154mm zone of inhibition against E.Coli (35318). Other solvents including chloroform, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol also showed considerable antibacterial activity, but water extracts of both plants showed no activity. All polarity based extracts of both plants exhibited antioxidant activity, ethanolic extracts of sandal and lemon grass showed highest radical scavenging activity with 84.366 ±1.504% and 83.766 ±4.272% inhibitions respectively. The minimum antioxidant activity was observed for chloroform extracts of sandal and n-hexane extract of lemongrass. Conclusion: we concluded that some plants have good antibacterial and antioxidant potential. Their phytochemical analysis can be carried out to find potent antibacterial and antioxidant compounds. This will be effective in combating bacterial diseases because mostly microbes are developing resistance against currently available antibiotics.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antibacterial Activity, FTIR and GCMS Analysis of Ceropegia juncea Roxb.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Visveshwari M. ◽  
Subbaiyan B. ◽  
Thangapandian V.
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Major Peak ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Natural Health ◽  
Aerial Parts

The present study was focused on the preliminary phytochemical, antibacterial activity, FTIR and GC-MS analysis of aerial parts of C. juncea. Phytochemical analysis of three extracts showed that the presence of alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids. The methanol extract of aerial parts were found to be exhibit highest zone of inhibition against S. aureus (19.3mm), P. florescence (17.6mm) and K. pneumonia (17.0mm). FTIR analysis of the methanol extract given the major peak observed was at wavenumber 3354.08cm-1 that indicates the presence of O-H Alcohol functional group. 29 components were identified through the GCMS analysis of methanol extract. From results to confirm the fact that C. juncea possesses potential of bioactive compounds which are responsible for the biological activities that is useful for natural health.

Phytochemical Analysis, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Calotropis procera and Calotropis gigantea

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Rani ◽  
Dushyant Sharma ◽  
Monika Chaturvedi ◽  
Jaya Parkash Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Ms Analysis

Background: Medicinal plants are having immense potential to cure various health ailments and used as drugs and remedies for the treatment of various diseases since civilization. Medicinal property of these plants lies in their secondary metabolites which covered various classes like phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, etc. Besides this, these secondary metabolites serve as a prototype to synthesize the new synthetic drugs. </P><P> Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of leaves extracts of Calotropis procera and Calotropis gigantea and characterization of their bioactive metabolites by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Methods: Methanol, petroleum ether and water were used for the extract preparation using cold percolation method. Antibacterial activity was assessed by agar well diffusion assay. The antioxidant activity of both the plants of Calotropis species was carried out by using different assay. Phytochemical analysis was carried out by using FTIR spectroscopy and GC-MS analysis. Results: Methanol extract of both the plants was found to possess highest antioxidant potential in comparison to other extracts. Methanol extract of C. gigantea and aqueous extract of C. procera showed the maximum antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. FTIR analysis of plants extracts indicates the presence of phenolic compounds, alkanes, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, aliphatic and aromatic amines, allene, sulfoxides, phenyl ester nitrocompounds and imines. GC-MS analysis of C. procera aqueous extract showed the presence of R-limonene, mannosamine, tridecane, 1-bromo-, 2-propenoic acid, tridecyl ester, pentatriacontane and 1-hexacosene as major phytochemicals. C. gigantea methanol extract indicated the presence of hentriacontane, eicosane, 3,3- dimethylnonadecane, pentacosane, 1-hexacosene, pentatriacontane and clocortolone as major phytochemicals. Conclusion: This study provides a systematic base for isolation of the novel bioactive phytochemicals from the Calotropis plant species and to evaluate their efficacy especially for antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Phyto-constituents and the Antibacterial Activity of Burkea africana against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus and E. faecalis

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
S. Zengeni ◽  
J. Chifamba ◽  
I. Mutingwende ◽  
T. Manyarara
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
E Coli

Bacterial skin infections are common in the tropics and the emergence of resistant bacterial strains has complicated treatment outcomes especially in immune compromised patients. This study focused on determining the antibacterial activity and preliminary phytochemical screening of the plant, Burkea Africana, which has been used for decades to treat various ailments in Southern Africa. Phyto-constituent determination and antibacterial assay was carried out on the hydro-ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Burkea Africana. The Agar well diffusion method was used to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of both extracts. Activity was measured against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus and E. faecalis using ciprofloxacin as the standard. For both extracts, phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of steroids, tannins, saponins and carbohydrates. The 70% hydro-ethanolic extract however revealed more phyto-constituents including flavonoids and alkaloids. For both extracts antibacterial activity was comparable to the standard. The highest zone of inhibition recorded for the water extract was 22±0.4 mm at 500 mg/ml for E. coli while the standard, Ciprofloxacin had a zone of inhibition of 25±0.33 mm. The ethanolic extract showed higher antibacterial efficacy when compared to ciprofloxacin against S. aureus. The zone of inhibition for the 70% ethanolic extract was 25.4±0.50 mm and that of the standard was 27±0.48 mm. Antibacterial activity was generally higher in the ethanolic extract than the water extract. It is therefore concluded that B. africana exhibits antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals The Useful Medicinal Properties of the Root-Bark Extract of Alstonia boonei (Apocynaceae) May Be Connected to Antioxidant Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miracle Oluebubechukwu Obiagwu ◽  
Chibueze Peter Ihekwereme ◽  
Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku ◽  
Festus Basden Chinedu Okoye
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Isolated Compound

Folkloric use of root-bark extract of Alstonia boonei in the treatment and management of many disease conditions may be associated with free radical scavenging as part of its mechanisms of action. We therefore evaluated the ability of different solvent fractions of the methanol extract, crude precipitate from the extract, and isolated compound from the crude precipitate for scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of useful phytocompounds. Ethyl acetate fraction showed better antioxidant activity with IC50 of 54.25 μg/mL while acetone and methanol fractions have 121.79 and 141.67 μg/mL, respectively. The crude precipitate and isolated compound showed IC50 values of 364.39 and 354.94 μg/mL, respectively. The crude precipitate, fractions, and compound 1 showed antioxidant activity against DPPH radical although lower than that of ascorbic acid.

Identification of Secondary Metabolites and Antibacterial Activity of Non Polar Fraction from Heterotrigona itama Propolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
Veggy Nadya Yuliawan ◽  
Paula Mariana Kustiawan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Polar Fraction ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Color Changes

Propolis is one of the natural products produced by kelulut bees and is still not widely used. The type of stingless bee that is the prima donna in the community is Heterotrigona itama. This study aims to determine the phytochemical content of the n-hexane fraction of Heterotrigona itama bee propolis collected from Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan. The n-hexane fraction was obtained from the methanol extract of H. itama propolis by the liquid-liquid partition method. After obtaining the n-hexane fraction, the research continued with a qualitative phytochemical test to identify the compound and determine total phenolic. Antibacterial activity was determined by the agar well diffusion method with a serial concentration in Escherichia coli bacteria. Qualitative phytochemical analysis in the form of color changes showed that the n-hexane fraction of H. itama propolis contained flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. Based on the results, the total phenolic content of the n-hexane fraction sample was 490 mgGAE/100 g. It caused the n-hexane fraction to have lower phenolic content than the methanol extract (792 mg GAE100 g). Furthermore, this result indicated that the non-polar fraction was not substantial enough to extracted phenolic compounds. It correlated to the antibacterial activity of the n-hexane fraction, which was very weak (2  mm ± 1.5) at  200µg/mL concentration.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SWIETENIA MAHAGONI – A HIGHLY MEDICINAL PLANT IN INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Dhanapaul Vinoth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Swietenia mahagoni leaf extract. The leaf extract was subjected to a variety of phytochemical analysis. The qualitative phytochemical tests exhibited the presence of common phytocompounds like alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phlobatannins, flavanoids, terpenoids and volatile oils as major active constituents. The plant (Swietenia mahagoni) leaf has valuable medicinal uses, hence petroleum ether (18.2g) was found to be a good solvent for the phytochemical and antibacterial study. Similarly, the Methanolic leaf extract of Swietenia mahagoni has highest zone of inhibition on Bacillus subtilis.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Sonchus Oleraceus l (Leaves) Extracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hatim MY Hamadnalla ◽  
◽  
Mahdi Abd Elmageed Mohammed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Sonchus Oleraceus

The objective of this study to examine phytochemical analysis of sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) (moliata) extracts which were extracted by four solvents, petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and distill water and to assess their potential antibacterial against four standard bacteria gram-positive and gramnegative (bacillus subtilis staphylococcus aureu, salmonella typhi, and pscudomona aeruginosa) and antioxidant activities. (moliata) extracts using cold maceration method to extract sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) locally known as (moliata) extracts, where dpph assay and paper disc diffusion assay were employed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities respectively. The results showed that tannins, triterpenes, a sterols, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides compounds were present in the sonchus oleraceus l, (asteraceae) lives (moliata) extracts. The methanol extract of leaves showed high antioxidant potential (77± 0.03 % ) and chloroform showed low antioxidant potential activity (4±0.09) compare with propyl gallate as standard (93± 0.010 %) against dpph. Chloroform extract was effective and give moderate zone of inhibition against staphylococcus aureus. Methanol extract was effective and showed moderate zone of inhibition against staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, salmonella typhi and pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Study on antibacterial activity of Calotropis procera

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muzammal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Comparative study of plant extracts crude and aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic with antibiotics, provide evidence that calotropis procera extracts has the similar antibacterial activity as these antibiotics against test pathogens i.e. Salmonella typhi and E.coli. The analysis of antimicrobial activity of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extract of leaves and flower of Calotropis procera was carried out in disc method and also determined MIC value at 600nm through optical density using spectrophotometer. The zone of inhibition produced by extracts was examined and compares it with zone produced by antibiotics. The effect exhibited by ethanolic extract of leaves and flower was significantly greater than the aqueous and methanolic extract of leaves and flower. Crude extracts i.e. latex, leaves, fruit and flower crude extracts. Among them, flower crude extracts shows similar zone of inhibition to test anitibiotics.while in MIC value, we made different concentration of extracts and antibiotics.i.e for crude we made 25%, 50%.75% and 100% concentration of crude juice and for the aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic we made 0.5mg/mL,1mg/mL,2mg/mL,3mg/mL,4mg/mL, 5mg/mL and 6mg/mL in Dimethyl salfoxide, and same antibiotics concentration. Aqueous leaves extracts show MIC at 0.5mg/ml against E.coli while against Salmonella it shows MIC at 1mg/ml... We also determine phytochemical analysis for presences of different compounds in crude extracts. The obtained results provide a support for the use of Calotropis procera, in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation.

scholarly journals Giloy (Tinospora Cordifolia): In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulsa Devi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Antibiotic resistance has become a global concern and hence, the search for other source of antimicrobials initiated to find a way to control infections in future. The main objective of this paper is to screen Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) for its antibacterial activity. The stem of Tinospora cordifolia is used to prepare extract for determining it’s in vitro antibacterial activity as per the agar well diffusion method. In the agar well diffusion method 100μl of 24 hr broth culture of bacteria was aseptically and evenly swabbed on Mueller Hinton agar plates. Wells of about 8 mm diameter were aseptically cut using sterile cork-borer. 100 μl of plant extracts of different concentrations were then placed into the separate wells. The plates were incubated at 37 oC for 24hr. Antimicrobial activity of the giloy was determined by measuring the diameter of zone of inhibition. The methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 13, 11, 9 and 5 mm zone of inhibition in S. aureus cultures by using 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration, respectively while hot water extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 14, 12, 10 and 8 mm zone of inhibition for S. aureus by using 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration, respectively and the cold extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 10, 8, 5 and 0 mm zone of inhibition for S. aureus by using 100, 75, 50 and 25mg/ml concentration, respectively. The methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia indicated 12, 10, 6 and 4 mm zone of inhibition in cultures of E.coli by using 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration, respectively and the hot water extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 16, 14, 12 and 10 mm zone of inhibition in cultures of E.coli by using 100, 75, 50 and 25mg/ml concentration, respectively. The cold water extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 13, 10, 8, and 5 mm zone of inhibition in cultures of E.coli by using 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration, respectively. It has been observed that Tinospora cordifolia showed very promising results as indicated by the zone of inhibition of bacterial culture through agar well diffusion method that varies from few mm to few cm. This study indicates the in-vitro antibacterial effect of Giloy which needs further validation through in-vivo studies.

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