Frequent 4D monitoring with DAS 3D VSP in deep water to reveal injected water-sweep dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 471-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Kiyashchenko ◽  
Albena Mateeva ◽  
Yuting Duan ◽  
Duane Johnson ◽  
Jonathan Pugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Reservoir Model ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profiles ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing ◽  
The Impact

Time-lapse monitoring using 3D distributed acoustic sensing vertical seismic profiles (DAS VSPs) is rapidly maturing as a nonintrusive low-cost solution for target-oriented monitoring in deep water. In a Gulf of Mexico field, DAS fibers deployed in active wells enable detailed tracking of the water flood in two deep reservoirs. Multiple tests in adverse well conditions let us understand the impact of source size and other factors on the spatially dependent quality of time-lapse DAS data and prove that excellent image repeatability is achievable under typical field conditions. Frequent repeat surveys allowed us to predict the timing of water arrival in a producer and to observe new water injection patterns that are important for understanding water-flood performance. Going forward, DAS 4D monitoring is envisioned as a tool that can assist with proactive wells and reservoir management, new well planning, and reservoir model updates.

scholarly journals The Role of Social Networks as a Tool for an Effective Recruitment Process in the Enterprises in Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-388
Author(s):  
Blerim Dragusha ◽  
Vlora Prenaj
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Factor

This paper focuses on the determinants of the impact of social networks on the recruitment process in Kosovar enterprises, concluding that the main factor of that impact is the quality of information, cost benefits, and timeliness. Another factor of particular importance is the competitive advantages social networks provide with respect to efficiently attracting suitable candidates to recruit through their unified data processing speed. The managers interviewed in this study provided evidence that recruitment using social networks is faster than with traditional methods. Social networks enable firms to quickly and easily access applicants from all over the world easily at a low cost. Social networks provide in-depth discussions to understand the views and opinions of both parties in the recruitment process. The information provided by social networks on the personal and professional life of the potential job candidate makes social networks an important tool for recruitment

scholarly journals Framework for the Simulation of Sensor Networks Aimed at Evaluating In Situ Calibration Algorithms

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4577
Author(s):  
Florentin Delaine ◽  
Bérengère Lebental ◽  
Hervé Rivano
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Dense Networks ◽  
In Situ Calibration ◽  
Primary Test ◽  
The Impact

The drastically increasing availability of low-cost sensors for environmental monitoring has fostered a large interest in the literature. One particular challenge for such devices is the fast degradation over time of the quality of their data. Therefore, the instruments require frequent calibrations. Traditionally, this operation is carried out on each sensor in dedicated laboratories. This is not economically sustainable for dense networks of low-cost sensors. An alternative that has been investigated is in situ calibration: exploiting the properties of the sensor network, the instruments are calibrated while staying in the field and preferably without any physical intervention. The literature indicates there is wide variety of in situ calibration strategies depending on the type of sensor network deployed. However, there is a lack for a systematic benchmark of calibration algorithms. In this paper, we propose the first framework for the simulation of sensor networks enabling a systematic comparison of in situ calibration strategies with reproducibility, and scalability. We showcase it on a primary test case applied to several calibration strategies for blind and static sensor networks. The performances of calibration are shown to be tightly related to the deployment of the network itself, the parameters of the algorithm and the metrics used to evaluate the results. We study the impact of the main modelling choices and adjustments of parameters in our framework and highlight their influence on the results of the calibration algorithms. We also show how our framework can be used as a tool for the design of a network of low-cost sensors.

Fatigue Monitoring and Life Extension for Top Tensioned Production Riser Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Mercan ◽  
Mike Campbell ◽  
Clay Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Fatigue Monitoring ◽  
One Step ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Top tensioned production riser (TTR) systems are exposed to fatigue loading in deep water as a result of vessel motions and high currents. The accuracy of predictions of the in-place fatigue response, which is a key input for any life extension requests, is dependent on the operating condition during the life of field including fluid contents and top tension. One solution to reduce this uncertainty is to deploy a fatigue monitoring system to assure the long-term integrity and performance of these riser systems. This paper presents results from a recent TTR monitoring campaign and focuses on the impact of top tension variation on riser motion and fatigue response in the field. Standalone and ROV deployable motion loggers offer a low cost and robust method of fatigue monitoring. The motion loggers are installed at discrete locations along the TTR to measure riser motions and then determine fatigue accumulations. During one of the recent monitoring campaigns, riser top tension was changed due to operational requirements, which in turn affected the riser fatigue response in the field. Field data is collected from two periods for two TTRs. The top tension was adjusted between each campaign allowing the effect of tension on riser fatigue response to be better understood using field measurements. The resulting riser motions and fatigue accumulations will be presented to demonstrate the sensitivity to top tension and highlight the importance of maintaining good records during the field life. Currently, there is no single guideline in the US that addresses TTR life-extension programs in detail. The results from this monitoring program are one step forward in better understanding system behavior of deep water TTRs and assessing the feasibility of an extended service life.

Nudging Urban Food Pantry Users in Utah Toward Healthier Choices

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483992090468
Author(s):  
Casey Coombs ◽  
Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos ◽  
Heidi LeBlanc ◽  
Julie Gast ◽  
Jackie Hendrickson
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Food Pantry ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose. To evaluate the impact of a nudge program on food pantry clients’ self-reported selection and use of healthy foods. Method. A convenience sample of clients of six urban food pantries in Utah were surveyed about their experience with the Thumbs Up for Healthy Choices nudge program. Chi-square tests were used to identify associations between demographic characteristics and self-reported program impact. Results. Ninety-four percent (n = 158) of respondents agreed that the program made it easier to make healthy choices. Sixty-five percent reported healthier diets since its implementation. Additionally, Hispanic respondents were more likely to report positive impacts than non-Hispanic respondents. Conclusions and Implications. Nudge programs are effective in increasing the selection of healthy foods among pantry clients in Utah. Impacts seemed to be particularly positive for Hispanic pantry users in Utah. Nutrition programs should consider implementing these low-cost strategies to improve dietary quality of pantry users.

scholarly journals HIDRÁULICA DE TUBOS DE BAMBU: COEFICIENTE C DE HAZEN-WILLIAMS

Irriga ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio dos Reis Pereira ◽  
Antonio De Padua Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Irrigation Practice ◽  
C Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Caixa Postal ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Dendrocalamus Giganteus ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

HIDRÁULICA DE TUBOS DE BAMBU: COEFICIENTE C DE HAZEN-WILLIAMS   Marco Antonio dos Reis PereiraUnesp-Campus de Bauru Caixa postal 473 Tel.(014)-2302111 r.148  Fax 305070 E-mail [email protected]ônio de Pádua SousaUnesp-Campus de Botucatu-Fazenda Lageado Caixa postal 237 Tel.(014)8213883 Fax 213438   1 RESUMO   Dentre as mais de mil espécies de bambu existentes, as espécies gigantes parecem ser as mais adequadas para utilização como condutor de água. Dentre estas, a espécie Dendrocalamus giganteus (bambu gigante ou bambu balde) é relativamente comum em nosso meio, produzindo colmos com dimensões, características físicas e mecânicas compatíveis para este fim. No entanto, as informações disponíveis sobre suas características hidráulicas são escassas e geralmente referidas ao bambu em geral.O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar o comportamento hidráulico  dos tubos de bambu como conduto forçado. Para tanto foi elaborada e montada uma bancada de ensaios para experimentação destes tubos.Os colmos de bambu foram usinados internamente por meio de duas ferramentas construídas para este fim : uma ferramenta de impacto,  acionada manualmente  e outra, giratória, acionada por motor elétrico, promovendo diferentes qualidades na remoção dos diafragmas internos (nós), o que levou a observação de diferentes resultados, relativos aos valores determinados para  a  perda de carga  e para o coeficiente  C da equação de Hazen-Williams.Os resultados mostraram uma nítida influência da qualidade de remoção dos nós nos parâmetros hidráulicos obtidos. Assim, para a usinagem feita através de ferramenta de impacto com acionamento manual foi obtido o valor de C = 63 e, através da ferramenta giratória com acionamento elétrico, foi obtido o valor de C = 101, para tubos de bambu da espécie gigante (Dendrocalamus giganteus). Muito embora os valores do coeficiente C encontrados para os tubos de bambu sejam inferiores aos encontrados para tubos lisos de PVC (C = 140), ele pode ser considerado como  uma possível alternativa para uso como condutor de água para fins de irrigação de pequeno porte,  tendo em vista  seu baixo custo e facilidades em ser trabalhado e utilizado   UNITERMOS: Bambu, hidráulica, coeficientes. PEREIRA, M.A.R., SOUSA, A.P. HIDRAULICS OF BAMBOO TUBES: HAZEN-WILLIAMS’ COEFFICIENT IN BAMBOO TUBES HIDRAULICS   2 SUMMARY   The giant bamboo species seem to be suitable for using as a water conductor, concerning to their good agronomical, silvicultural, physical and mechanical characteristics and also due to culm dimensions showed by these species. However, few information is available to concerning their hidraulics characteristics.In this work, the giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus) specie was tested as a water conductor when submitted to a pressurized flow, verifying some hidraulics characteristics usually used in the irrigation practice as the C coefficient obtained from the Hazen-Williams’ equation. The bamboo tubes had their inner diaphragm (inner node) removed by two different tools , a hand working impact tool that produces a bad quality of the node remotion and an electrical working rotate tool that produces a good quality of the node remotion. The literature shows some C coefficient values as varying between 43 to 70 for a bad quality remotion of the inner nodes and between 65 to 90 for a good quality remotion.The research showed that the rotate tool produces better results than the impact tool as can be observed from the C coefficient obtained. A 63 C value was obtained with the impact tool or a bad node remotion quality, while a 101 C value was observed using the rotate tool or a good node remotion quality, for the giant bamboo tubes.In spite of the fact that bamboo tubes have a lower value to the C coefficient than the PVC tubes (C = 140) they can be used as water conductor, taking into consideration  that they are a natural material with low cost and  easy to be worked using simple tools.   KEYWORDS : Bamboo, hidraulic, coefficient.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of different grouping methods: time to rethink and regroup?

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Randall ◽  
Anna Ferrante ◽  
Adrian Brown ◽  
James Boyd ◽  
James Semmens
Keyword(s):  
Record Linkage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Grouping Strategy ◽  
Grouping Strategies ◽  
Linkage Quality ◽  
One To One ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT ObjectivesThe grouping of record-pairs to determine which administrative records belong to the same individual is an important process in record linkage. A variety of grouping methods are used but the relative benefits of each are unknown. We evaluate a number of grouping methods against the traditional merge based clustering approach using large scale administrative data. ApproachThe research aimed to both describe current grouping techniques used for record linkage, and to evaluate the most appropriate grouping method for specific circumstances. A range of grouping strategies were applied to three datasets with known truth sets. Conditions were simulated to appropriately investigate one-to-one, many-to-one and ongoing linkage scenarios. ResultsResults suggest alternate grouping methods will yield large benefits in linkage quality, especially when the quality of the underlying repository is high. Stepwise grouping methods were clearly superior for one-to-one linkage. There appeared little difference in linkage quality between many-to-one grouping approaches. The most appropriate techniques for ongoing linkage depended on the quality of the population spine and the underlying dataset. ConclusionsThese results demonstrate the large effect that the choice of grouping strategy can have on overall linkage quality. Ongoing linkages to high quality population spines provide large improvements in linkage quality compared to merge based linkages. Procuring or developing such a population spine will provide high linkage quality at far lower cost than current methods for improving linkage quality. By improving linkage quality at low cost, this resource can be further utilised by health researchers.

scholarly journals Utilização de filtro intermitente de areia como pós-tratamento de esgoto doméstico – estudo da taxa de aplicação superficial

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (47) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Robson Arruda Dos Santos ◽  
Gilson Barbosa Athayde Junior
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
The Impact

<p class="Normal1">This research is the study of surface application rate for intermittent sand filter sizing, with emphasis to its constructive aspect. It is a design parameter set by the NBR 13969/1997 like the relation between the flow of sewage and surface area of a treatment unit. We examined the main research projects that studied the use of sand filter as post-treatment sewage, highlighting the superficial application rates used in these studies, comparing them with the recommendations of the Brazilian standard that deal with it. The results show that the NBR 13969/97 recommends a lower value to those obtained by Brazilian and foreigner researchers, and regarding Brazilian research, the value of the standard (100 L / m².dia) is always below the rates evaluated. Thus, we highlight the need to update the NBR 13969/97, for that would meet the actual demand for building sand filters, reactor treating of low cost of construction and maintenance, and good removal efficiency of organic matter and nitrification . The environmental benefits are indisputabl and the improvement of the quality of the effluent decreases the impact on water bodies and soil.</p>

Introduction to this special section: Reservoir monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
David H. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽  
Vertical Seismic Profiles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reservoir Monitoring

The papers submitted to this special section demonstrate that the topic of reservoir monitoring is extremely diverse. This diversity is reflected in the wide range of geologic settings covered by these papers — deepwater unconsolidated clastics, more cemented sandstones in onshore fields, and carbonates. Diversity is seen in the range of production scenarios described by these papers — water sweep of oil and gas, thermal recovery using steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), and enhanced recovery using CO2 injection. Moreover, the papers in this section cover much more than time-lapse 3D seismic. Although about half of the submitted papers use 4D surface seismic data to monitor reservoirs, the remainder cover a diversity of methods that include time-lapse vertical seismic profiles (VSPs), repeat well logging using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), and muon tomography. Even the concept of the “reservoir” is expanded to include monitoring microseismicity that might result from production activity.

Testing of a Permanent Orbital Surface Source and Distributed Acoustic Sensing for monitoring of unconventional reservoirs: preliminary results from the Eagle Ford Shale

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Feng Cheng ◽  
Julia Correa ◽  
Shan Dou ◽  
Barry Freifeld ◽  
Todd Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Horizontal Well ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Unconventional Reservoirs ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Eagle Ford ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing ◽  
High Repeatability

The effective monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in unconventional oil and gas production requires tools to quantify elastic property variations even in the absence of microseismic activity. To track the subtle time-lapse variations in reservoir properties during such activities, monitoring techniques with high repeatability and high resolution, both spatially and temporally, are required. Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a rapidly maturing fiber-optic technology for low-cost, permanent, high density in-well monitoring. Surface Orbital Vibrators (SOVs) are an inexpensive fixed rotary seismic sources that offer the opportunity to frequently interrogate the subsurface with energies comparable to vibroseis sources. We present a field VSP test, conducted in the Eagle Ford play, pairing an SOV source recorded by DAS behind casing in a deviated well to better evaluate the potential of the technology set for unconventional reservoir monitoring. We demonstrate the data processing workflow for reservoir monitoring using SOV-DAS system. We analyze the data characteristics of SOV-DAS system, including S/N (signal to noise ratio) characteristics and source repeatability. High-quality P- and S- wave reflections, as well as mode conversions, are visible in the vertical section. In addition, clear P-P reflections are also observable along the horizontal well sections. Time-shifts with a mean value 10 μs between different datasets demonstrate the high repeatability for the semi-permanent SOV source, which is crucial for time-lapse analysis. We also apply reflection imaging on both P- and S- to reveal reflection depths. In a first-of-its-kind deployment, we implemented a rotating SOV with a slewing bearing and discuss the possibility to optimize S-wave construction along the horizontal well with specific SOV orientation directions. Our preliminary results show that the combination of repeatable surface sources such as SOVs with DAS has significant potential for providing a low-cost approach for high resolution seismic monitoring of unconventional reservoirs.

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