The Illusion of Reality or the Reality of Illusion

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan Al-Issa
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
Current Psychological

BackgroundThe aim of this review is to integrate research findings on the role of sociocultural factors in hallucinations and to relate these factors to current psychological theory and research.MethodThe literature was surveyed by manual search, and the more reliable studies selected for the review.ResultsOne hundred and thirteen publications were scrutinised and 30 of them were included in this review.ConclusionsCross-cultural concepts of reality are related to the development and the threshold of hallucinations. Attitudes toward hallucinations tend to affect the emotional reaction to, and the degree of control of, these experiences. Awareness of these attitudes may help the diagnostician to distinguish between pathological and culturally sanctioned hallucinations. It is important that therapists consider the functional significance and meaning of hallucinations as well as the social context and the stimuli associated with them.

Personality and Conformity: The Learning of Political Attitudes

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1054-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Di Palma ◽  
Herbert McClosky
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conformity Behavior ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Current Psychological ◽  
Political Norms

Why do some men embrace society's values while others reject them? Is conformity a general trait, more uniformly manifested by some people than by others? What social or psychological forces lie behind the tendency to conform or deviate?Although these questions obviously have significance for the conduct of political life, they have received far less attention from political scientists than from scholars in other disciplines such as psychology and sociology. In view of current challenges to the legitimacy of existing political institutions, the mounting debate over the acceptable limits of protest, and the growing disdain for democratic decision-processes shown by some segments of the population, the need for political scientists to understand the nature and sources of conformity and deviation has become, if anything, more urgent. We hope, in the present paper, to explore the psychological—and to some extent the social and political—meaning of conformity and deviation as reflected in citizen responses to political beliefs. To that end we shall review briefly the present state of psychological theory and research on conformity behavior; suggest, in light of our own research findings, some ways in which current psychological explanations might be modified and extended to account for conformity and deviation within the mass public; and furnish data that might help to explain why individuals who have different personality characteristics and who occupy different roles in the society are likely to accept or reject political norms.

scholarly journals Peran Pengusaha Perempuan UMKM dan Pola Pengeluaran Rumah Tangga pada Situasi Bencana Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedicta Evie ◽  
Susy Yunia R. Sanie
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Expenditure Patterns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Electricity Costs ◽  
The Cost

Women as assets of Indonesia's human resources have a crucial role in disaster management. This research is descriptive using a qualitative approach that photograph the adjustment of women's activities based on their role in the current Covid disaster. The research findings shows the  informant’s perception that Covid-19 is a disaster, and they are worried, so they try to prevent themselves and their family members from being infected by implementing health protocols. They also provide nutritious food and vitamins as well as a variety of food/drink ingredients that are believed to ward off Covid. Increasing domestic role activities are child care and education. Meanwhile, the public role of economy has undergone adjustments, such as working from home, losing customers or jobs. To be able to survive, adjustments to household expenditure patterns were carried out, namely: increasing the cost of kitchen expenditures, and increase in electricity costs and telephone pulses as the implication of all family members are WFH/SFH online. Reduced expenses: spending on clothes / shoes / bags, cosmetics, and recreation. The social role of the public in this Covid situation is to participate in distributing food to the poor.

scholarly journals KITAB ‘BURDAH’ KARYA SASTRA LISAN ARAB DALAM PERSPEKTIF MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI MANADO SULAWESI UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayda Bachmid
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Community Perception ◽  
User Community ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Regular Practice

This article reveals the role of Burdah as an Arabic literary book that has become a regular practice of the Moslem community in Manado. The researcher tries to find out the social and cultural aspects through the Arabic text pertaining to concrete condition where the content of the book is practiced and this serves as the key to comprehend the users’ view and thinking pattern. The problems paralleled to the research objective is identifying and analyzing the social, spiritual and metaphysical reflection. The research findings indicate socially, there is a unitary perception in which the user community is called to set up an organization to learn about the book. The projected spiritual transformation of the book as a prophecy work toward a future hope makes it a routine regular practice at wedding ceremony, housewarming, and children under five thanksgiving. Metaphysical transformation is held as a miracle so that this regular practice can cure various diseases. This belief rooted in the user community perception has become a daily routine custom even though the Arabic language read is not understood. Key words: Burdah, spiritual, cultural and metaphysical transformation.

A social psychological examination of the empowering role of language in Indigenous resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Droogendyk ◽  
Stephen C. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Psychological Conditions ◽  
Collective Identification ◽  
Collective Control ◽  
Indigenous Groups

An understanding of how groups engage in sustained collective action over long periods of time (sometimes over multiple generations) must take into account sociocultural factors. We consider the role of Indigenous languages in motivating and sustaining collective action among Indigenous peoples, drawing on basic social psychological theory as well as insights from Indigenous writers. We contend that the knowledge and use of one’s Indigenous language can facilitate the psychological conditions shown to underpin interest in participating in collective action (i.e., collective identification, perceptions of injustice, collective control, and group boundary permeability). Our perspective highlights the fact that there may be unique predictors of collective action among Indigenous peoples. We discuss the importance of these ideas in light of the reality of language loss in many Indigenous groups, and call for social psychologists to increase their attention to issues of language and social justice, especially among Indigenous peoples.

Psychology in Program Evaluation

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros ◽  
Evert Vedung ◽  
Erwin Seyfried
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
European Context ◽  
The Social

This paper sheds light on the issue of how psychology is involved in program evaluation. Several contributions of psychology to this methodological discipline are discussed. Using examples taken from the evaluation of European human-resources programs, the authors emphasize the role of behavioral and subjective variables. Also, the paper contends that the fundamental types of use debated in the evaluation literature can be enriched and clarified if notions from psychological theory are used. Finally, it is pointed out that although psychology is one of the social sciences traditionally involved in program evaluation, in the European context, psychologists seem to be almost absent from the evaluation of European programs. It is therefore suggested that European psychology and psychologists must make their presence more strongly felt in program evaluation.

scholarly journals The role of family in the formation of students’ labor values

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 03049
Author(s):  
Veronika Viktorovna Retivina
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Work Attitudes ◽  
Value System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Selection Of

The article discusses issues related to the influence of family on the formation of work attitudes of students. According to the data of the social research conducted by the author in 2020, the coincidence of the structures of basic values among students and their parents was exposed. An increase in the degree of influence of family on the selection of a profession by young people has been established. The results of the survey revealed the similarities and differences in the work attitudes of the two generations. For both students and their parents, the content aspect appeared to be a priority in the work. For the older generation, as compared with children, the social component of labor is more important. For young people, the opportunities for personal self-realization and the material side of working career are more important than for their parents. The analysis of the research findings allows for the conclusion that nowadays the importance of the educational influence of family on the formation of the value system of young people, as well as in the labor sphere, is still high.

scholarly journals Penguatan Landasan Teologis: Pola Mewujudkan Moderasi Kehidupan Beragama

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-140
Author(s):  
Abdul Rouf
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Government

Abstrak Tulisan ini mencoba mengungkapkan realitas keberagaman sosial di Indonesia dengan segala problematika dan upaya perawatannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, yaitu mendeskripsikan hasil penelitian sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian dan diikuti oleh analisis data untuk mendapat data yang relevan dan akurat. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif-analitis, tulisan ini mengkaji suatu perspektif al-Qur’an melalui ayat-ayat-nya tentang konsep satu pola mewujudkan moderasi hidup beragama melalui penguatan pada segi teologis hubungan muslim non-muslim dan pemahaman agama yang pluralis dan inklusif untuk mendukung upaya mewujudkan sikap keterbukaan dan toleran. Dengan demikian, aspek toleransi mempunyai peran penting dari kerja sama pemerintah dan para tokoh agama untuk mendukung akselerasi dari makna dan substansi toleransi yang ditransformasikan ke dalam kehidupan sosial kemasyarakatan, sehingga konflik secara horizontal dapat dihindarkan dengan pola hidup yang moderat. Kata Kunci: Moderasi, Ekstremisme, Liberalisme, Toleransi, Inklusif   Abstract This study aims to reveal the social diversity reality in Indonesia with all its problems and solutions. The method in this research is used the qualitative method with a descriptive approach to describe the study results in accordance with the study objectives then followed by data analysis to obtain an appropriate and accurate research findings. With a qualitative-descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines the Qur’an perspective through its verses on the concept of a pattern for embodying the religious life moderation in order to promote unity of the nation and state through the strengthening theological aspects of Muslim and non-Muslim relations as well as pluralistic and inclusive understandings in accepting openness and tolerance. Tolerance has an important role of cooperation between the government and religious leaders to accelerate the tolerance implementation that is transformed into social life avoiding horizontal conflict in a moderate manner. Keywords: Moderation, Extremism, Liberalism, Tolerance, Inclusive

scholarly journals Digitalization as one of the aspects of establishment of post-New European culture and the subject of social design

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Vadim Markovich Rozin
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Complex Object ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Design ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

This article examines digitalization in the context of culture and such prerequisites as building automated devices, concepts of human machinization, and projects of formalization of thinking. In this regard, particular attention is given to Leibniz's project of mathematization of thinking, as well as some other innovations ‒ construction of symbolic logic, programming, and Internet. The conclusion is drawn that digitalization is not a local phenomenon with clear boundaries, nor even a complex object, but rather an aspect and a cross-section of multiple processes and fields of life activity. Since digitalization is not reduced to the development of technical devices, but suggest the use of knowledge in various social, cultural and anthropological processes, the works on digitalization can be interpreted as pertinent to social design. The author discusses the task and object of the social project of digitalization, understanding of digitalization as a technology, distinguishing the three types of technology (narrow, broad, and sociocultural sense), sociocultural factors of digitalization, and possible negative consequences of digitalization. Moreover, from the perspective of interests of digitalization, the author reviews the concepts of building artificial intelligence and robotics; criticizes the reduction of natural intelligence, which represents a cultural-historical and social phenomenon, to artificial intelligence. The role of programming and miniaturization in construction of the machine psyche of robots is emphasized. The author claims that the project of digitalization should be correlated with the establishment of culture of of the future (“futureculture”) and work at the benefit of this culture.

Deriving Psychodynamics Among Consumers Through Social Media

2018 ◽  
pp. 251-264
Author(s):  
Natasha Patricia Bojorges Moctezuma
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Online Consumer ◽  
A Company ◽  
Online Consumer Behaviour

Despite an increasing interest in understanding consumer behaviour through social media, there is paucity of research concerning psychodynamics among consumers derived by online social networks in emerging economies. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of vloggers (video bloggers) as key network performers to derive consumer psychodynamics (consumers' interactions reflected in a company) through social media, specifically YouTube, through the lens of the experiential view and the Social Network Theory. This work will contribute to the extant literature by determining (1) the relevance of the experiential view approach in online social networks' performance, (2) how psychodynamics among consumers are conducted through social media, specifically YouTube, and (3) how key network performers as YouTube's vloggers derive psychodynamics among consumers. Using an inductive approach and grounded theory to analyse the results, the research findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of online consumer behaviour, therefore, yields more valuable information by examining the experiential view in a digital environment.

Precarious Life, Homelessness and the role of counseling psychologists

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGIOS KESISOGLOU
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Personal Consequences ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Counseling Psychologists

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the ‘neo-homeless’ participants’ lived experiences in the shelters and the streets, within the context and the adversities of the economic crisis in Greece. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 6 participants (4 women and 2 men) at a municipal shelter in Athens, Greece. An Interpretative Phenomenological analysis was used to document their experiences and stories. Research findings revolved around the accounts and the negative effects of neo-homelesness such as detrimental personal consequences, stress, depression, depersonalization , a sense of hopelessness and lack of hope for the future. However, the participants spoke also about positive growth, a deeper apprehension of life’s meanings, and the mobilization of personal and interpersonal resources. ‘Neo-homelessness’ hardship in the shelter was incremental in the experiential conscientization and critical consciousness of the oppression of the social context of crisis and austerity. Implications for the work of counseling psychologists are discussed in terms of working towards empowering persons in homeless trajectories towards resilience in mental health, taking a stance of social justice.

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