scholarly journals Methods of deliberate self-harm in Pakistan

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad Moosa Khan ◽  
Hashim Reza
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Common Method ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticides ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Opiate Analgesics ◽  
Index Cases

Reports of deliberate self-harm (DSH) are rare from Pakistan where psychotropic drugs can be obtained ‘over the counter’. A retrospective analysis of 302 index cases presenting to a university hospital in Karachi showed self-poisoning with benzodiazepines as the most common method, followed by organophosphate insecticides. Salicylates and non-opiate analgesics were significantly absent from our series. Implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Does Lent affect rates of deliberate self-harm?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
N. Moloney ◽  
K. Glynn ◽  
E. Harding ◽  
V. Murphy ◽  
G. Gulati
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Self Harm

Background Research has shown that religious affiliation has a protective effect against deliberate self-harm. This is particularly pronounced in periods of increased religious significance, such as periods of worship, celebration, and fasting. However, no data exist as to whether this effect is present during the Christian period of Lent. Our hypothesis was that Lent would lead to decreased presentations of self-harm emergency department (ED) in a predominantly Catholic area of Ireland. Methods Following ethical approval, we retrospectively analysed data on presentations to the ED of University Hospital Limerick during the period of Lent and the 40 days immediately preceding it. Frequency data were compared using Pearson’s chi-squared tests in SPSS. Results There was no significant difference in the overall number of people presenting to the ED with self-harm during Lent compared to the 40 days preceding it (χ2 = 0.75, df = 1, p > 0.05), and there was no difference in methods of self-harm used. However, there was a significant increase in attendances with self-harm during Lent in the over 50’s age group (χ2 = 7.76, df = 1, p = 0.005). Conclusions Based on our study, Lent is not a protective factor for deliberate self-harm and was associated with increased presentations in the over 50’s age group. Further large-scale studies are warranted to investigate this finding as it has implications for prevention and management of deliberate self-harm.

Self-limiting cerebellar ataxia following organophosphate poisoning

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
M MD Fonseka ◽  
K Medagoda ◽  
Y Tillakaratna ◽  
S B Gunatilake ◽  
H J de Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cerebellar Ataxia ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Organophosphate Poisoning ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Organophosphorous Insecticide ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticides ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Psychiatric Manifestations

Deliberate self-harm by ingestion of organophosphate insecticides is a common health problem in Sri Lanka. The poisoning results in an initial life-threatening cholinergic crisis and several intermediate and late neurological and psychiatric manifestations. A patient who developed self-limiting cerebellar signs 8 days after ingestion of dimethoate, an organophosphorous insecticide, is reported on.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Causes and Most Common Method of Deliberate Self-Harm Used by Adolescent of Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Hira Khan ◽  
Bisma Laeeque ◽  
Nuzhat Firdous
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Participant ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
And Gender

This study was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan to explore the overall and gender-wise prevalence of Deliberate Self-Harm in adolescents. Identification of most common reason and method practiced for DSH by adolescents were also the objective of study. The sample size for the study was calculated with G-power factor formula and as per the results generated from the software, a sample of (N=200) hundred males and hundred females was analyzed. ISAS inventory was used as research tool in this study. Cross-sectional survey was conducted and it was found that 62% adolescents indulged into the practice of DSH. Furthermore biting was the most common method and affect regulation was identified as most common reason due to which adolescents practiced DSH. It was also exhibited by data analysis that females were twice more active participant of DSH as compared to males.

Pattern of Deliberate Self-Harm in Young People in Karachi, Pakistan

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ullah Syed ◽  
Murad M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
School Based ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Mean

Globally, suicide remains one of the leading causes of death among individuals aged 10 to 64 years and it ranks between second and fourth among those age 10 to 45 years. Data on suicidal behavior from Pakistan is sparse, especially for children and adolescents. A retrospective descriptive case note study was carried out of all patients under the age of 18 years (n = 69) admitted with deliberate self-harm (DSH) to a university hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Females (63.8%) outnumbered males by 1.7:1. The mean age of the group was 16 years (± 2.2). The most frequent method used was benzodiazepine overdose (30.4%). “Family conflicts” was the main stressor reported by 66.7%. The most frequent diagnosis made was major depressive disorder in 18%. Despite the fact that 98% of our sample was Muslims and suicide is strictly forbidden in Islam, 76.8% expressed their intent to die. Multivariate logistic regression found current stressor to be significantly associated with an intention to die. Patients with nonfatal suicidal behavior form a pool for future suicides. Preventive efforts should be directed at this group. School based programs would be an effective way of addressing this.

Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Zakiullah ◽  
Sadia Saleem ◽  
Sameea Sadiq ◽  
Nadia Sani ◽  
Munira Shahpurwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Marital Problems ◽  
Problem Solving Therapy ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Introduction: Previous deliberate self-harm (DSH) is the strongest predictor of suicide. Although several studies exist in other countries, characteristics of DSH have not been well-studied in Pakistan. Aims: To identify characteristics of deliberate self-harm in a hospital population, building on previous work carried out on this subject at this center. Methods: 284 cases admitted to the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, between January 1997 and August 2003 were studied by analyzing medical records. Information was collected regarding demographics, family history, personal history, suicidal ideation, current stressors, the act of DSH and its management. Results: The most common age group was 21-25 years of age. The majority were females (60.3%). 95.1% of patients used self-poisoning as a method of deliberate self-harm. 47.3% used benzodiazepines for self-poisoning. Precipitating factors included conflict with family, marital problems, chronic illnesses, and unemployment. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were present in 76.4% patients. Discussion: Despite the difference in socio-cultural background of our patients, many of our results were found to be consistent with Western data. Our findings suggest that problem-solving therapy, stress management and improved mental health care may be effective interventions in preventing DSH. Prescription of medications should be regulated. Further studies are suggested at the community level.

The Epidemiology of Deliberate Self-harm

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Odejide ◽  
A. O. Williams ◽  
J. U. Ohaeri ◽  
B. A. Ikuesan
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

In a 6-month prospective study of the three main general hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria, 39 cases of deliberate self-harm were reported out of a total 23, 859 subjects attending the sections of hospital studied. Thirty (76.9%) were under 30 years of age and 36 (86.3%) were under 34 years of age. The male to female ratio was 1.4.1: more than half of the population (51.3%) were students and 25.6%, manual workers. The methods used were mainly ingestion of chemicals (24 patients) and psychotropic drugs (11 patients). Disturbed Interpersonal relationships, especially with parents, were mainly found to have motivated the acts. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

Negative Life Events Associated With Deliberate Self-Harm in an African Population in Uganda

Crisis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kinyanda ◽  
H. Hjelmeland ◽  
S. Musisi
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Suicide Interventions

Abstract. Negative life events associated with deliberate self-harm (DSH) were investigated in an African context in Uganda. Patients admitted at three general hospitals in Kampala, Uganda were interviewed using a Luganda version (predominant language in the study area) of the European Parasuicide Study Interview Schedule I. The results of the life events and histories module are reported in this paper. The categories of negative life events in childhood that were significantly associated with DSH included those related to parents, significant others, personal events, and the total negative life events load in childhood. For the later-life time period, the negative life events load in the partner category and the total negative life events in this time period were associated with DSH. In the last-year time period, the negative life events load related to personal events and the total number of negative life events in this time period were associated with DSH. A statistically significant difference between the cases and controls for the total number of negative life events reported over the entire lifetime of the respondents was also observed, which suggests a dose effect of negative life events on DSH. Gender differences were also observed among the cases. In conclusion, life events appear to be an important factor in DSH in this cultural environment. The implication of these results for treatment and the future development of suicide interventions in this country are discussed.

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