Individuals With an Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Perceived Benefits and Psychological Aspects of Surveillance by Means of Regular Colonoscopies

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1736-1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liljegren ◽  
G. Lindgren ◽  
Y. Brandberg ◽  
S. Rotstein ◽  
B. Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 1

Purpose To evaluate the psychological consequences of genetic counseling followed by a surveillance program using colonoscopy among individuals with increased risk of colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods Two hundred sixty-five individuals, participating in a surveillance program with colonoscopy, were mailed a survey questionnaire that assessed their experience of the surveillance program and their perception of the risk of colorectal cancer. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the Swedish Short Form-36 Health Survey was also included. Results Two hundred forty individuals completed the questionnaire and were divided into the following risk groups: risk group 1, an individual with a mutation in hMLH1 or hMSH2 and a lifetime colorectal cancer risk of 80% (n = 28); risk group 2, a lifetime colorectal cancer risk of 40% (n = 129); and risk group 3, a lifetime colorectal cancer risk of 20% (n = 83). Among all individuals, the mean for perceived benefit was 8.0, and the perception of discomfort was 3.3 on the visual analog scale (1-10). In risk group 1, 61% underestimated personal risks as being 40% or less. Approximately 50% of the subjects in risk groups 2 and 3 either under- or overestimated their lifetime risk. According to the Swedish Short Form-36 Health Survey and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, the study sample resembled the reference population. Conclusion A majority of the study sample understood why they were under surveillance, and regular colonoscopies were well-tolerated. The wide range of risk perception as well as low-risk perception in mutation positive subjects is acceptable, as long as these individuals adhere to surveillance programs and do not demonstrate increased levels of anxiety or depression.

scholarly journals The CRISP-P study: feasibility of a self-completed colorectal cancer risk prediction tool in primary care

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 730-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena C Harty ◽  
Jennifer G McIntosh ◽  
Adrian Bickerstaffe ◽  
Nadira Hewabandu ◽  
Jon D Emery
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Second Language ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
Recruitment Methods ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objective Australia and New Zealand have the highest incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) globally. Our research team has developed a CRC risk prediction tool for use in primary care to increase targeted screening. This study, Colorectal cancer RISk Prediction tool – patient (‘CRISP-P’), aimed to determine the following to inform a future trial design: (i) the feasibility of self-reporting; (ii) the feasibility of recruitment methods; and (iii) the prevalence of CRC risk. Methods Participants aged between 40 and 75 years were recruited consecutively from three primary care waiting rooms. Participants input data into CRISP on a tablet without receiving clinical advice. Feasibility was evaluated using recruitment rate, timely completion, a self-reported ‘ease-of-use’, score and field notes. Prevalence of CRC risk was calculated using the CRISP model. Results Five hundred sixty-one (90%) patients agreed to use the tool and 424 (84%) rated the tool easy to use. Despite this, 41% of people were unable to complete the questions without assistance. Patients who were older, without tertiary education or with English as their second language were more likely to require assistance (P < 0.001). Thirty-nine percent of patients were low risk, 58% at slightly increased and 2.4% were at moderately increased risk of developing colorectal cancer in the next 5 years. Conclusions The tool was perceived as easy to use, although older, less educated people, and patients with English as their second language needed help. The data support the recruitment methods but not the use of a self-completed tool for an efficacy trial.

scholarly journals Dietary Polyamines Intake and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3575
Author(s):  
Chu-Yi Huang ◽  
Yu-Jing Fang ◽  
Alinuer Abulimiti ◽  
Xia Yang ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Unconditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Dietary Polyamines ◽  
Control Study

Polyamines (including putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are small, cationic molecules that are necessary for cell proliferation and differentiation. Few studies have examined the association of dietary polyamines intake with colorectal cancer risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate total polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine intake in relation to colorectal cancer risk in China. In total, 2502 colorectal cancer cases and 2538 age-(5-year interval) and sex-matched controls were recruited from July 2010 to April 2019. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by multivariable unconditional logistic regression after adjustment for various potential confounding factors. Higher intake of total polyamine, putrescine and spermidine was significantly associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer. The adjusted ORs for the highest compared with the lowest quartile of intake were 0.60 (95% CI 0.50, 0.72; Ptrend < 0.001) for total polyamines, 0.35 (95% CI 0.29, 0.43; Ptrend < 0.001) for putrescine and 0.79 (95% CI 0.66, 0.95; Ptrend = 0.001) for spermidine, respectively. However, higher intake of spermine was associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer, with an adjusted OR of 1.58 (95% CI 1.29, 1.93; Ptrend < 0.001). This data indicate that higher intake of total polyamines, putrescine and spermidine, as well as lower intake of spermine, is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Association between shiftwork and the risk of colorectal cancer in females: a population-based case–control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wa Mwenga Walasa ◽  
Renee N Carey ◽  
Si Si ◽  
Lin Fritschi ◽  
Jane S Heyworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveResearch indicates that shiftwork may be associated with increased risks of adverse health outcomes, including some cancers. However, the evidence of an association between shiftwork and colorectal cancer risk is limited and inconclusive. Further, while several possible pathways through which shiftwork might result in cancer have been proposed, few studies have taken these factors into account. We investigated the association between two types of shiftwork (graveyard shiftwork and early-morning shiftwork) and six mechanistic shiftwork variables (including light at night and phase shift) and the risk of colorectal cancer among females in an Australian population-based case–control study. Graveyard shiftwork was the primary exposure of interest.MethodsParticipants (350 cases and 410 controls) completed a lifetime occupational history, and exposure to each of the eight shiftwork variables was assigned to participants through a job exposure matrix. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between different shiftwork variables and the risk of colorectal cancer, adjusting for potential demographic, lifestyle and medical confounders.ResultsWorking in an occupation involving long-term exposure (>7.5 years) to graveyard shiftwork was not associated with colorectal cancer risk (adjusted OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.58). Similarly, no increased risks of colorectal cancer were seen for any of the other seven shiftwork variables examined.ConclusionsNo evidence of an increased risk of colorectal cancer among females who had worked in occupations involving shiftwork was observed in this study.

scholarly journals A quantitative bias analysis to estimate measurement error-related attenuation of the association between self-reported physical activity and colorectal cancer risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Mahmood ◽  
Nga H Nguyen ◽  
Julie K Bassett ◽  
Robert J MacInnis ◽  
Amalia Karahalios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Abstract Background Self-reported physical activity is inaccurate, yet few investigators attempt to adjust for measurement error when estimating risks for health outcomes. We estimated what the association between self-reported physical activity and colorectal cancer risk would be if physical activity had been assessed using accelerometry instead. Methods We conducted a validation study in which 235 Australian adults completed a telephone-administered International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and wore an accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X+) for 7 days. Using accelerometer-assessed physical activity as the criterion measure, we calculated validity coefficients and attenuation factors using a structural equation model adjusted for age, sex, education and body mass index. We then used a regression calibration approach to apply the attenuation factors to data from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS) to compute bias-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Average daily minutes of physical activity from the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-short) were substantially higher than accelerometer-measured duration (55 versus 32 min). The validity coefficient (0.32; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.43) and attenuation factor (0.20; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.28) were low. The HRs for colorectal cancer risk for high (75th percentile; 411 min/week) versus low (25th percentile; 62 min/week) levels of self-reported physical activity were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.05) before and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.47, 1.28) after bias adjustment. Conclusions Over-estimation of physical activity by the IPAQ-short substantially attenuates the association between physical activity and colorectal cancer risk, suggesting that the protective effect of physical activity has been previously underestimated.

scholarly journals Use of antibiotics and colorectal cancer risk: a primary care nested case–control study in Belgium

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e053511
Author(s):  
Johannes Van der Meer ◽  
Pavlos Mamouris ◽  
Vahid Nassiri ◽  
Bert Vaes ◽  
Marjan van den Akker
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesTo examine the association between the use of oral antibiotics and subsequent colorectal cancer risk.DesignMatched case–control study.SettingGeneral practice centres participating in the Integrated Computerised Network database in Flanders, Belgium.ParticipantsIn total, 1705 cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed between 01 January 2010 and 31 December 2015 were matched to 6749 controls by age, sex, comorbidity and general practice centre.Primary outcome measureThe association between the number of prescriptions for oral antibiotics and the incidence of colorectal cancer over a period of 1–10 years, estimated by a conditional logistic regression model.ResultsA significantly increased risk of colorectal cancer (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.44) was found in subjects with one or more prescriptions compared with those with none after correction for diabetes mellitus. No dose-response relationship was found.ConclusionsThis study resulted in a modestly higher risk of having colorectal cancer diagnosed after antibiotic exposure. The main limitation was missing data on known risk factors, in particular smoking behaviour. This study did not allow us to examine the causality of the relationship, indicating the need of further investigation.

Association between X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 Arg194Trp polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk

Tumor Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2529-2538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Mao ◽  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Hang Lu ◽  
Xiaoguang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Group 1

scholarly journals Association between Abdominal Obesity and Incident Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1368
Author(s):  
Ga Eun Nam ◽  
Se-Jin Baek ◽  
Hong Bae Choi ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Jung-Myun Kwak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: We investigated the association of w May aist circumference (WC) and abdominal obesity with the incident colorectal cancer risk in Korean adults. Methods: This nationwide population-based cohort study was based on health insurance claims data. We analyzed data from 9,959,605 participants acquired through health check-ups of the Korean National Health Insurance Service in 2009 who were followed up until the end of 2017. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: During 8.3 years of follow up, 101,197 cases (1.0%) of colorectal cancer were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounders, there was a positive association between WC and colorectal cancer risk (p for trend <0.001). Abdominal obesity was associated with an increased risk of colorectal (hazard ratio: 1.10, (95% confidence interval: 1.08–1.12)), colon (1.11, 1.09–1.13), and rectal cancer (1.08, 1.05–1.10). These associations were independent of body mass index and were more pronounced in men and elderly individuals. Conclusion: We revealed that higher WC is related to colorectal cancer risk, thus suggesting that abdominal obesity may be a risk factor for colorectal cancer in this East Asian population.

scholarly journals Serum ghrelin is associated with risk of colorectal adenocarcinomas in the ATBC study

Gut ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1646-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen Murphy ◽  
Amanda J Cross ◽  
Sanford M Dawsey ◽  
Frank Z Stanczyk ◽  
Farin Kamangar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Colorectal Cancers ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Serum Ghrelin ◽  
Low Serum

BackgroundColorectal cancers are the third most common cancers in women and men in the USA. While dietary and lifestyle factors such as Western diet, physical inactivity and obesity have been linked to an increased risk of this malignancy, the mechanisms for these associations are unclear. GI hormones, including ghrelin, are involved in energy balance by mediating appetite and metabolism; however, the association between ghrelin and colorectal cancer has not been studied.MethodsWe conducted a case–control study nested within the all-male Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study of Finnish smokers (aged 50–69 years) to examine serum ghrelin concentration and colorectal cancer risk. Data from 284 colon and 239 rectal cancers and 523 controls (matched on age, date of blood draw and serum availability) were analysed. ORs and 95% CIs were calculated using multivariable (conditional) logistic regression.ResultsOverall, low-serum ghrelin was significantly associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer (Q1 vs Q4: OR:1.57, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.34). For individuals developing tumours within 10 years of blood draw, those in the lowest quartile of serum ghrelin concentrations were statistically significantly more likely to develop colorectal cancers than those with higher serum ghrelin concentrations (OR: 10.86, 95% CI 5.01 to 23.55). However, for individuals with tumours developing more than 20 years after blood draw, low-serum ghrelin concentrations were associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer relative to those with the highest serum ghrelin concentrations (OR: 0.26, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.64).ConclusionLow-serum ghrelin was associated with an increased colorectal cancer risk within 10 years of blood draw with a decreased risk for developing colorectal cancer more than 20 years after blood draw. These results suggest that ghrelin concentrations may vary across the carcinogenic process.

scholarly journals Association between phytosterol intake and colorectal cancer risk: a case–control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Huang ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
Yu-Jing Fang ◽  
Min-Shan Lu ◽  
Zhi-Zhong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

AbstractA study in rodent models showed that phytosterols protected against colon carcinogenesis, probably by inhibiting dysregulated cell cycle progression and inducing cellular apoptosis. However, epidemiological studies on the relationship between phytosterols and colorectal cancer risk are quite limited. The aim of this study was to investigate dietary phytosterol intake in relation to colorectal cancer risk in the Chinese population. A case–control study was conducted from July 2010 to June 2016, recruiting 1802 eligible colorectal cancer cases plus 1813 age (5-year interval) and sex frequency-matched controls. Dietary information was collected by using a validated FFQ. The OR and 95 % CI of colorectal cancer risk were assessed by multivariable logistic regression models. A higher total intake of phytosterols was found to be associated with a 50 % reduction in colorectal cancer risk. After adjusting for various confounders, the OR of the highest quartile intake compared with the lowest quartile intake was 0·50 (95 % CI 0·41, 0·61, Ptrend<0·01) for total phytosterols. An inverse association was also found between the consumption of β-sitosterol, campesterol, campestanol and colorectal cancer risk. However, stigmasterol intake was related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. No statistically significant association was found between β-sitostanol and colorectal cancer risk. Stratified analysis by sex showed that the positive association of stigmasterol intake with colorectal cancer risk was found only in women. These data indicated that the consumption of total phytosterols, β-sitosterol, campesterol and campestanol is inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk in a Chinese population.

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