Neighborhood effects and obesity in adult survivors of pediatric cancer: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23051-e23051
Author(s):  
Carrie R. Howell ◽  
Carmen Louise Wilson ◽  
Yutaka Yasui ◽  
Deo Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status

e23051 Background: Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for obesity and associated chronic health conditions - risks that are potentially modifiable if survivors adopt a lifestyle with adequate physical activity and a healthy diet. Neighborhoods where survivors reside may influence uptake of health behaviors. We examined associations between neighborhood factors and obesity in survivors. Methods: Adult survivors participating in the St. Jude Lifetime cohort with addresses available for geocoding were eligible for analysis [N = 2265, mean assessment age 32.5 (SD 9.1) years, 46% female, and 85% white]. Survivors completed questionnaires regarding individual behaviors; percent body fat was assessed via dual x-ray absorptiometry (obesity: ≥25% males; ≥35% females); and neighborhood effects were characterized using census tract of residence (e.g. neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), rurality). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to determine associations between neighborhood effects, physical activity, diet, smoking, treatment exposures, and obesity. Results: Obese survivors (n = 1420, 62.7%) lived in neighborhoods with less access to exercise opportunities (63% vs 66%, p = 0.01) and lower SES (22% vs 18%, p < 0.001); and were more likely to live in small town/rural areas (14% vs 10%, p = 0.04) compared to non-obese survivors. Obese survivors who lived in the lowest SES neighborhoods were more likely to be CNS tumor survivors (17% vs 12%, p = 0.02) and received higher mean doses of cranial radiation (CRT) (15Gy vs 11Gy, p = 0.02) than obese survivors living in higher SES neighborhoods. Resource poor neighborhoods (standardized effect: 0.09, p < 0.001) and CRT (0.14, p < 0.001) had direct effects on percent body fat. Associations between neighborhood of residence and percent body fat were attenuated (-0.02, p < 0.001) among individuals with a better diet. Conclusions: The neighborhood in which a childhood cancer survivor resides as an adult is associated with obesity, and obese survivors treated with CRT are more likely to live in neighborhoods with lower SES. Interventions targeting survivors should incorporate strategies that address environmental influences on obesity.

Pathways for Disordered Eating Behaviors in Minority Girls

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Olvera ◽  
Kendall McCarley ◽  
Molly R. Matthews-Ewald ◽  
Felicia Fisher ◽  
Martinque Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
African American Girls ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽  
Minority Girls

This study investigated the direct and indirect effects of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors in predicting disordered eating behaviors in girls with overweight/obesity. A total of 135 Hispanic and African American girls ([Formula: see text] = 11.13 ± 1.54 years) completed surveys assessing the desire to be thinner, peer weight-related teasing, disordered eating behaviors, and demographic characteristics. Percent body fat was assessed. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the influence of the desire to be thinner and peer weight-related teasing on percent body fat and disordered eating behaviors. Results indicated that percent body fat was directly related to the desire to be thinner ( p < .01) and peer weight-related teasing ( p < .01), and was indirectly related to disordered eating through its relationship with peer teasing ( p < .05). These findings may be useful in guiding the design of interventions preventing the development of disordered eating behaviors in minority girls.

A Reciprocal Effects Model of Children’s Body Fat Self-Concept: Relations With Physical Self-Concept and Physical Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex C. Garn ◽  
Alexandre J.S. Morin ◽  
Jeffrey Martin ◽  
Erin Centeio ◽  
Bo Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Reciprocal Effects

This study investigated a reciprocal effects model (REM) of children’s body fat self-concept and physical self-concept, and objectively measured school physical activity at different intensities. Grade four students (N = 376; M age = 9.07, SD = .61; 55% boys) from the midwest region of the United States completed measures of physical self-concept and body fat self-concept, and wore accelerometers for three consecutive school days at the beginning and end of one school year. Findings from structural equation modeling analyses did not support reciprocal effects. However, children’s body fat self-concept predicted future physical self-concept and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Multigroup analyses explored the moderating role of weight status, sex, ethnicity, and sex*ethnicity within the REM. Findings supported invariance, suggesting that the observed relations were generalizable for these children across demographic groups. Links between body fat self-concept and future physical self-concept and MVPA highlight self-enhancing effects that can promote children’s health and well-being.

scholarly journals Physical Activity as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Race or Ethnicity and Changes in Multimorbidity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 342-342
Author(s):  
Jason Newsom ◽  
Emily Denning ◽  
Ana Quinones ◽  
Miriam Elman ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Racial/ethnic disparities in multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) and their rate of accumulation over time have been established. Studies report differences in physical activity across racial/ethnic groups. We investigated whether racial/ethnic differences in accumulation of multimorbidity over a 10-year period (2004-2014) were mediated by physical activity using data from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 10,724, mean age = 63.5 years). Structural equation modeling was used to estimate a latent growth curve model of changes in the number of self-reported chronic conditions (of nine) and investigate whether the relationship of race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, non-Hispanic White) to change in the number of chronic conditions was mediated by physical activity after controlling for age, sex, education, marital status, personal wealth, and insurance coverage. Results indicated that Blacks engaged in significantly lower levels of physical activity than Whites (b = -.171, □ = -.153, p &lt; .001), but there were no differences between Hispanics and Whites (b = -.010, □ = -.008, ns). Physical activity also significantly predicted both lower initial levels of multimorbidity (b = -1.437, □ = -.420, p &lt; .001) and greater decline in multimorbidity (b = -.039, □ = -.075, p &lt; .001). The indirect (mediational) effect for the Black vs. White comparison was significant (b = .007, □ = .011, 95% CI [.004,.010]). These results provide important new information for understanding how modifiable lifestyle factors may help explain disparities in multimorbidity in middle and later life, suggesting greater need to reduce sedentary behavior and increase activity.

scholarly journals Influencing Factors of Commercial Energy Consumption Intention of Rural Residents: Evidence from Rural Chengdu

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Aichun Jiang ◽  
Qian Zhong ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Yibin Ao ◽  
Chuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Rural Construction ◽  
Commercial Energy ◽  
New Rural Construction

With rapid rural urbanization and new rural construction, the commercial energy consumption of rural residents shows a trend of rapid growth, and China’s rural areas are also faced with environmental challenges brought by the increase of commercial energy consumption. China’s commercial energy consumption behavior of rural residents has also undergone tremendous changes. However, scholars have neglected the research on rural residents’ commercial energy consumption intention from a micro perspective. Therefore, this study takes the 5 villages in Chengdu out of the 100 representative villages in the Sichuan province as examples. From the perspective of the head of a family of permanent rural residents, extended planned behavior theory, exploratory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling are used to explore the influencing factors of rural resident commercial energy consumption intention and their relationship. Findings show that subjective norm, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and habit significantly affect residents’ behavioral intention. Habits significantly influence subjective norms and PBC. Therefore, in the new rural construction, rural residents are the main body and participants of energy consumption. Local government departments should plan reasonably according to the needs and characteristics of residents, constantly improve commercial energy infrastructure, improve service level, and further strengthen farmers’ attitude and satisfaction toward commercial energy. Moreover, they should increase the publicity and education of commercial energy, advocate green housing, and promote energy saving consumption reduction, and sustainable development in new rural areas.

Evaluating a Self-Determination Model of Physical Activity and Exercise in People With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-262
Author(s):  
Jia Rung Wu ◽  
Jessica Brooks ◽  
Fong Chan ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
Nicole Ditchman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

BackgroundResearch evidence supports the assertion that healthy employees are happier and more productive. Employers prefer to hire healthy workers to reduce absenteeism. Rehabilitation counselors have started to explore health promotion interventions to help individuals with chronic health conditions and disability improve their physical and mental health as a strategy to increase their employment opportunities.PurposeThe present study evaluated a self-determination theory (SDT) model of physical activity and exercise in a sample of 218 individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain using structural equation modeling.ResultsThe SDT model fit the data well, accounting for 54% of the variance in physical activity and exercise. Relatedness was significantly associated with autonomous motivation for physical activity and exercise. Autonomous motivation was associated with competency. Competency was associated with physical activity and exercise. Autonomous motivation and competency mediated relatedness and physical activity and exercise.ImplicationsThis study contributes to an emerging body of theory-informed health promotion literature and identifies the specific pathways that will increase the motivation to engage in physical activity and exercise. Findings can be used to design and validate theory-driven health promotion interventions as an employment strategy for people with chronic musculoskeletal pain receiving vocational rehabilitation services.

scholarly journals Effect of early determinants on adolescent fat-free mass

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Raina Jansen Cutrim Propp Lima ◽  
Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista ◽  
Cecília Claudia Costa Ribeiro ◽  
Vanda Maria Ferreira Simões
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Adolescent Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Effect

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of early determinants on adolescent fat-free mass. METHODS: A c ohort s tudy w ith 5 79 a dolescents e valuated a t b irth a nd a dolescence i n a birth cohort in São Luís, Maranhão. In the proposed model, estimated by structural equation modeling, socioeconomic status (SES) at birth, maternal age, pregestational body mass index (BMI), gestational smoking, gestational weight gain, type of delivery, gestational age, sex of the newborn, length and weight at birth, adolescent socioeconomic status, “neither study/nor work” generation, adolescent physical activity level and alcohol consumption were tested as early determinants of adolescent fat-free mass (FFM). RESULTS: A higher pregestational BMI resulted in higher FFM in adolescence (Standardized Coefficient, SC = 0.152; p < 0.001). Being female implied a lower FFM in adolescence (SC = -0.633; p < 0.001). The negative effect of gender on FFM was direct (SC = -0.523; p < 0.001), but there was an indirect negative effect via physical activity level (SC = -0.085; p < 0.001). Women were less active (p < 0.001). An increase of 0.5 kg (1 Standard Deviation, SD) in birth weight led to a gain of 0.25 kg/m2 (0.106 SD) in adolescent FFM index (p = 0.034). Not studying or working had a negative effect on the adolescent’s FFM (SC = -0.106; p = 0.015). Elevation of 1 SD in the adolescent’s physical activity level represented an increase of 0.5 kg/m2 (0.207 SD) in FFM index (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The early determinants with the greatest effects on adolescent FFM are gender, adolescent physical activity level, pregestational BMI, birth weight and belonging to the “neither-nor” generation.

scholarly journals Social support and subjective well-being among elderly Chinese empty-nester: Self-worth as a Mediator and self-reported health as a Moderator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Su ◽  
Yuqiu Zhou ◽  
Jianqin Cao ◽  
Haina Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Empty Nest ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Reported Health

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to explore the relationship between social support, self-worth, self-reported health, and subjective well-being among the Chinese rural empty nest elderly, and whether self-worth and self-reported health affect these associations.Methods This cross-sectional study was performed from May 2017 to April 2018, the participants were 365 empty-nest elderly adults from rural areas of Chifeng City in Inner Mongolia. Data were collected with the General information questionnaire, Self-worth questionnaire for adults, Social Support Scale and Memorial University of New Found land Scale of Happiness. Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediation hypothesis. Bootstrapping was performed to confirm the mediation effect. Hayes’s SPSS-PROCESS was used for testing the moderating effects.Results Self-worth showed significant correlations with social support, self-reported health and subjective well-being (all P<0.01).Bootstrapping indicated that the mediating role of self-worth was statistically significant. And self-reported health moderated the social support and subjective well-being association.Conclusions Self-worth and self-reported health are important targets for prevention and intervention for improving the subjective well-being of the rural empty-nest elderly.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3, AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN PERSEN LEMAK TUBUH DENGAN TINGKAT DISMENORE PADA REMAJA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Famimah Famimah ◽  
Ani Margawati ◽  
Deny Yudi Fitranti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain was a gynecological complaint due to an imbalance of progesterone in the blood resulting in pain. A woman with dysmenorrhea should consume food rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as fish oil, fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, herring), soybeans and fruits. Low fish consumption was related with severity of dysmenorrhea. In addition, physical activity and percent body fat were also associated with severity of dysmenorrhea.Objective : To determine the correlation between consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, physical activity and percent body fat to the classification of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.Methods : Cross sectional study of 90 adolescentsselected by purposive sampling. This research was conducted in SMA N 15 and SMA N 9 Semarang. Menstrual history was measured by direct interviews and level of dysmenorrhea was measured using Numerical Rating Scale Questionnaire. Omega-3 fatty acids were measured using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and analyzed using a nutritional software program. Physical activity was measured using A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies. Percent body fat was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Data were analyzed by Independent T test/Mann Whitney. Result : There were significant correlation in omega-3 fatty acid (p= 0,015), and percent body fat (p= 0,026). While in physical activity there was no significant correlation (p= 0,394).Conclusion : Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and percent body fat were associated with the classification of dysmenorrhea.

Analyzing the post-harvest supply chain enablers of vertical integration for rural employability and marketability

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Priyadarshi ◽  
Srikanta Routroy ◽  
Girish Kant
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the post-harvest supply chain enablers (PHSCEs) for vertical integration to enhance rural employability, farmer profitability and rural produce marketability (i.e. market prospects) in the post-harvest supply chain (PHSC). The impact of vertical integration is also explored for various commercial produces. Design/methodology/approach A structural equation modeling (SEM) of PHSCEs for vertical integration was developed to enhance market prospects, rural employability and farmer profitability. The impact of business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-customer market prospects are explored in various dimensions for stakeholders such as farmers, manufacturers (processors), distributors and retailers. The fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (F-TOPSIS) was used to prioritize these PHSCEs to improve market prospects and rural employability. Findings The PHSCEs are clustered into three groups, namely, initiatives at the strategic frontier, initiatives at the tactical frontier and concerns for rural employability via vertical integration using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and SEM to prove the null hypothesis. With F-TOPSIS results, the availability of warehousing was found to be the most crucial enabler when observing the PHSCEs from the initiatives’ perspective. The technology adaptability and availability, institute for training and research and information infrastructure and information visibility were found to be the key PHSCEs when observed from PHSC stakeholders’ perspectives. Research limitations/implications The implementation of this study will improve the rural produce marketability, rural employability, B2B marketing (i.e. effective distribution) and subsequent value chains with the practice of vertical integration for fresh produce at the rural level. Practical implications The outcomes of this study have a key role in developing the rural regions and improving rural livelihoods via value addition. The awareness of commercial cultivation and value addition in rural areas needs to be improved. This will help farmers to earn better revenues with improved market prospects in comparison to the revenues obtained from the cultivation of staple/conventional crops. Originality/value In an era of cold chains and food processing, this study aims to disseminate awareness about value addition for commercial and fresh produces at the rural level. The implication of this study will improve rural produce marketability, rural employability and farmer profitability at the rural level with the level of vertical integration.

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