Naturally Occurring Compounds – Plant Sources

2020 ◽  
pp. 527-594
Author(s):  
Aurelio López-Malo ◽  
Stella M. Alzamora ◽  
María J. Paris ◽  
Leonor Lastra-Vargas ◽  
María Bernarda Coronel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Sources

scholarly journals Flavonoid: A Mini Review on Galangin

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
A. Prasad ◽  
S. Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Alpinia Officinarum ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Different Parts

Studies on flavonoids from plant sources has gained a momentum due to their versatile health benefits. The main sources of flavonoids in humans are fruits, vegetables, red wine and tea. They are small molecular weight secondary metabolites produced in different parts of the plant such as seeds, bark, root, fruits and flowers. Galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) a naturally occurring flavonoid is present in roots of Alpinia officinarum, honey and propolis. Its extraction and detection has been reported using various methods such as chromatography, spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods associated with other sophisticated techniques. Galangin showed various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, radical scavenging, anticancer activity and hypolipidimic activity. The present review discusses the pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics and bioanalytical aspects of galangin, which can be beneficial for researchers working in the field of galangin

Anticancer potential of Naringenin, Biosynthesis, Molecular target, and structural perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Prakash ◽  
Ruchi Singh ◽  
Namrata Singh ◽  
Shazia Usmani ◽  
Mohd Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Flavanone Glycoside ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Comprehensive Study

: Numerous novel medicinal agents isolated from plant sources were used as indigenous remedies for the management and treatment of various types of cancer diseases. Naringenin is a naturally occurring flavanone glycoside and aglycone (genin) moiety of naringin, predominantly found in citrus and grapefruits, has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for the management of a variety of diseases. A huge number of scientific papers have been published on naringenin describing its detailed studies and its therapeutic application in different diseases. The current study highlights, a comprehensive study on naringenin concerning its biosynthesis, molecular targets/pathways involved in carcinogenesis, mechanism of actions (MOAs), and structure-activity relationships (SARs), and patents granted have been highlighted. Naringenin and its derivatives has remarkable anti-cancer activity due to their inhibitory potential against diverse targets namely ABCG2/P-gp/BCRP, 5a-reductase, 17-bhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, aromatase, proteasome, HDAC/Situin-1, VEGF, VEGFR-2 kinase, MMP-2/9, JAK/STAT signaling pathways, CDC25B, tubulin, topoisomerase-II, cathepsin-K, Wnt, NF-kB, B-Raf and mTOR, etc. With the huge knowledge of molecular targets, structural intuition, and SARs, the current study may be beneficial to design more potent, safe, effective, and economic anti-cancer naringenin. This is concluded that naringenin is a promising natural product for the management and therapy of cancer. Further evolution for pharmacological importance, clinical research, and trials are required to manifest its therapeutic action on metabolic syndrome in the human community.

scholarly journals Recent Insights Into the Prognostic and Therapeutic Applications of Lysozymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Jiang ◽  
Yunhe Li ◽  
Liye Wang ◽  
Jian Guo ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Infection And Inflammation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Standard Medical Treatment ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Biological Organisms

Lysozymes are naturally occurring enzymes present in a variety of biological organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and animal bodily secretions and tissues. It is also the main ingredient of many ethnomedicines. It is well known that lysozymes and lysozyme-like enzymes can be used as anti-bacterial agents by degrading bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan that leads to cell death, and can also inhibit fungi, yeasts, and viruses. In addition to its direct antimicrobial activity, lysozyme is also an important component of the innate immune system in most mammals. Increasing evidence has shown the immune-modulatory effects of lysozymes against infection and inflammation. More recently, studies have revealed the anti-cancer activities of lysozyme in multiple types of tumors, potentially through its immune-modulatory activities. In this review, we summarized the major functions and underlying mechanisms of lysozymes derived from animal and plant sources. We highlighted the therapeutic applications and recent advances of lysozymes in cancers, hypertension, and viral diseases, aiming toseeking alternative therapies for standard medical treatment bypassing side effects. We also evaluated the role of lysozyme as a promising cancer marker for prognosis to indicate the outcomes recurrence for patients.

scholarly journals Plants as Sources of Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara dos Reis Nunes ◽  
Mariana Barreto Arantes ◽  
Silvia Menezes de Faria Pereira ◽  
Larissa Leandro da Cruz ◽  
Michel de Souza Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Drugs ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Transnational Industries ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Minimize Tissue Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Plants represent the main source of molecules for the development of new drugs, which intensifies the interest of transnational industries in searching for substances obtained from plant sources, especially since the vast majority of species have not yet been studied chemically or biologically, particularly concerning anti-inflammatory action. Anti-inflammatory drugs can interfere in the pathophysiological process of inflammation, to minimize tissue damage and provide greater comfort to the patient. Therefore, it is important to note that due to the existence of a large number of species available for research, the successful development of new naturally occurring anti-inflammatory drugs depends mainly on a multidisciplinary effort to find new molecules. Although many review articles have been published in this regard, the majority presented the subject from a limited regional perspective. Thus, the current article presents highlights from the published literature on plants as sources of anti-inflammatory agents.

Naturally Occurring Compounds — Plant Sources

2005 ◽  
pp. 429-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Palou ◽  
Stella Alzamora ◽  
Aurelio López-Malo Vigil
Keyword(s):  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Sources

scholarly journals A Review of the Health Protective Effects of Phenolic Acids against a Range of Severe Pathologic Conditions (Including Coronavirus-Based Infections)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5405
Author(s):  
Sotirios Kiokias ◽  
Vassiliki Oreopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Plant Sources

Phenolic acids comprise a class of phytochemical compounds that can be extracted from various plant sources and are well known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. A few of the most common naturally occurring phenolic acids (i.e., caffeic, carnosic, ferulic, gallic, p-coumaric, rosmarinic, vanillic) have been identified as ingredients of edible botanicals (thyme, oregano, rosemary, sage, mint, etc.). Over the last decade, clinical research has focused on a number of in vitro (in human cells) and in vivo (animal) studies aimed at exploring the health protective effects of phenolic acids against the most severe human diseases. In this review paper, the authors first report on the main structural features of phenolic acids, their most important natural sources and their extraction techniques. Subsequently, the main target of this analysis is to provide an overview of the most recent clinical studies on phenolic acids that investigate their health effects against a range of severe pathologic conditions (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and viral infections—including coronaviruses-based ones).

Pathology of Bone Cells in Pigs with Experimental Turbinate Osteoporosis (Atrophic Rhinitis)

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
A. W. Fetter ◽  
C. C. Capen
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Osteocytic Osteolysis ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Atrophic rhinitis in swine is a disease of uncertain etiology in which infectious agents, hereditary predisposition, and metabolic disturbances have been reported to be of primary etiologic importance. It shares many similarities, both clinically and pathologically, with ozena in man. The disease is characterized by deformity and reduction in volume of the nasal turbinates. The fundamental cause for the localized lesion of bone in the nasal turbinates has not been established. Reduced osteogenesis, increased resorption related to inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, and excessive resorption due to osteocytic osteolysis stimulated by hyperparathyroidism have been suggested as possible pathogenetic mechanisms.The objectives of this investigation were to evaluate ultrastructurally bone cells in the nasal turbinates of pigs with experimentally induced atrophic rhinitis, and to compare these findings to those in control pigs of the same age and pigs with the naturally occurring disease, in order to define the fundamental lesion responsible for the progressive reduction in volume of the osseous core.

High Resolution Replication of Organoclay Surfaces

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
W. W. Barker ◽  
W. E. Rigsby ◽  
V. J. Hurst ◽  
W. J. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Silicate Layers ◽  
Mineral Identification

Experimental clay mineral-organic molecule complexes long have been known and some of them have been extensively studied by X-ray diffraction methods. The organic molecules are adsorbed onto the surfaces of the clay minerals, or intercalated between the silicate layers. Natural organo-clays also are widely recognized but generally have not been well characterized. Widely used techniques for clay mineral identification involve treatment of the sample with H2 O2 or other oxidant to destroy any associated organics. This generally simplifies and intensifies the XRD pattern of the clay residue, but helps little with the characterization of the original organoclay. Adequate techniques for the direct observation of synthetic and naturally occurring organoclays are yet to be developed.

SEM study of the morphological effects of kinetin and zeatin on the growth and development of the apical meristem in wheat

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 978-979
Author(s):  
G. M. Hutchins ◽  
J. S. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Moist Environment

Cytokinins are plant hormones that play a large and incompletely understood role in the life-cycle of plants. The goal of this study was to determine what roles cytokinins play in the morphological development of wheat. To achieve any real success in altering the development and growth of wheat, the cytokinins must be applied directly to the apical meristem, or spike of the plant. It is in this region that the plant cells are actively undergoing mitosis. Kinetin and Zeatin were the two cytokinins chosen for this experiment. Kinetin is an artificial hormone that was originally extracted from old or heated DNA. Kinetin is easily made from the reaction of adenine and furfuryl alcohol. Zeatin is a naturally occurring hormone found in corn, wheat, and many other plants.Chinese Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was used for this experiment. Prior to planting, the seeds were germinated in a moist environment for 72 hours.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document