scholarly journals Effect of Massive Weight Loss on Inflammatory Adipocytokines and the Innate Immune System in Morbidly Obese Women

2006 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melania Manco ◽  
J. Manuel Fernandez-Real ◽  
Francesco Equitani ◽  
Joan Vendrell ◽  
Maria Elena Valera Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Massive Weight Loss ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Glucose Sensitivity

Abstract Context: Obesity may be regarded as a low-grade inflammatory state. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in pro-inflammatory adipocytokines and the innate immune system, cardiovascular risk, and insulin sensitivity after massive weight loss. Design: This was a longitudinal study. Setting: The study was conducted at Catholic University, Rome. Subjects and Methods: There were 10 normoglucose-tolerant obese women evaluated before and 36 months after bilio-pancreatic diversion (BPD). Glucose sensitivity (M value) was estimated using the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL), bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI), α-defensins, soluble CD14 receptor (sCD14), C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, IL-6, and TNF-α were assayed. Results: After massive weight loss (53% of excess body weight), leptin (P ≤ 0.0001), IL-6 (P ≤ 0.0001), α-defensins (P ≤ 0.001), and C-reactive protein (P ≤ 0.0001) decreased significantly. Adiponectin increased significantly (P ≤ 0.001). Of the nine subjects who lost more than 20% of body mass index, sCD14 (2.87 ± 0.5 to 2.55 ± 0.5; P = 0.016) and visfatin levels (12.20 ± 0.93 to 10.63 ± 1.93 ng/ml; P = 0.045) decreased significantly. No significant changes were observed in TNF-α, BPI, or MBL. Insulin sensitivity more than doubled after BPD (P ≤ 0.0001). sCD14 changes were significantly associated with body mass index (r0 = 0.80; P = 0.003) and M changes (r0 = −0.59; P = 0.03). MBL correlated with insulin sensitivity in obese (r0 = 0.93; P = 0.0001) and post-BPD women (r0 = 0.66; P = 0.038). Adiponectin correlated negatively with cardiovascular risk (r0 = −0.709; P = 0.02) and IL-6 (r0 = −0.634; P = 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that changes in sCD14 were also significantly related to changes in insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Surgically induced weight loss is capable of reversing low-grade inflammation, at least partially. The relationships between sCD14, MBL, BPI, and glucose sensitivity, and the role of TNF-α in obesity warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Is Increased in Combined Oral Contraceptives Users and Is Positively Associated with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Sabina Cauci ◽  
Serena Xodo ◽  
Cinzia Buligan ◽  
Chiara Colaninno ◽  
Mattia Barbina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Free Oxygen Radical ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Healthy Women

Information concerning the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in young healthy women predisposing eventually to future diseases is scarce. We investigated the relationship of oxidative stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in fertile-age women by oral combined contraceptive (OC) use. Caucasian Italian healthy non-obese women (n = 290; 100 OC-users; 190 non-OC-users; mean age 23.2 ± 4.7 years) were analyzed. Blood hydroperoxides, as oxidative stress biomarkers, were assessed by Free Oxygen Radical Test (FORT). Serum hsCRP was determined by an ultra-sensitive method (hsCRP). Markedly elevated oxidative stress (≥400 FORT Units) was found in 77.0% of OC-users and 1.6% of non-OC-users, odds ratio (OR) = 209, 95% CI = 60.9–715.4, p < 0.001. Elevated hsCRP levels ≥ 2.0 mg/L, considered risky for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), were found in 41.0% of OC-users and 9.5% of non-OC-users, OR = 6.6, 95%CI 3.5–12.4, p < 0.001. Hydroperoxides were strongly positively correlated to hsCRP in all women (rs = 0.622, p < 0.001), in OC-users (rs = 0.442, p < 0.001), and in non-OC-users (rs = 0.426, p < 0.001). Women with hydroperoxides ≥ 400 FORT Units were eight times as likely to have hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L. In non-OC-users only, hydroperoxides values were positively correlated with weight and body mass index, but negatively correlated with red meat, fish and chocolate consumption. Our research is the first finding a strong positive correlation of serum hydroperoxides with hsCRP, a marker of low-grade chronic inflammation, in young healthy women. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential role of these two biomarkers in OC-use associated side-effects, like thromboembolism and other CVDs.

scholarly journals Differences in postprandial inflammatory responses to a ‘modern’ v. traditional meat meal: a preliminary study

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 724-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Arya ◽  
Sam Egger ◽  
David Colquhoun ◽  
David Sullivan ◽  
Sebely Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reaction ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
New Form

A low-grade inflammatory response (‘metaflammation’) has been found to be associated with certain chronic diseases. Proposed inducers of this have been aspects of the modern lifestyle, including newly introduced foods. Plasma TAG, and the inflammatory cytokines C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α and IL-6 were compared in a randomised, cross-over trial using ten healthy subjects before and after eating 100 g of kangaroo, or a ‘new’ form of hybridised beef (wagyu) separated by about 1 week. Postprandial levels for 1 and 2 h of TAG, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher after eating wagyu compared with kangaroo (P = 0·002 for TAG at 1 h, P < 0·001 at 2 h; P < 0·001 for IL-6 and TNF-α at 1 and 2 h). CRP was significantly higher 1 h postprandially after wagyu (P = 0·011) and non-significantly higher 2 h postprandially (P = 0·090). We conclude that the metaflammatory reaction to ingestion of a ‘new’ form of hybridised beef (wagyu) is indicative of a low-grade, systemic, immune reaction when compared with lean game meat (kangaroo). Further studies using isoenergetic intake and isolating fatty acid components of meats are proposed.

Migraine and Adiponectin: Is There a Connection?

Cephalalgia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
BL Peterlin ◽  
ME Bigal ◽  
SJ Tepper ◽  
M Urakaze ◽  
FD Sheftell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Cortical Depression ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Migraine is a common disorder, characterized by recurrent episodes of headache and associated symptoms. The full pathophysiology of migraine is incompletely delineated. Current theories suggest that it is a neurovascular disorder involving cortical depression, neurogenic inflammation and vasodilation. Various neuropeptides and cytokines have been implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine including calcitonin gene-related peptide, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. There is evidence demonstrating an association between migraine and processes associated with inflammation, atherosclerosis, immunity and insulin sensitivity. Similarly, adiponectin, an adipocytokine secreted by adipose tissue, has protective roles against the development of insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. The anti-inflammatory activities of adiponectin include inhibition of IL-6 and TNF-induced IL-8 formation, as well as induction of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1 receptor antagonist. Adiponectin levels are also inversely correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Likewise, recent studies have shown a possible correlation between CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 and migraine attacks. In addition, insulin sensitivity is impaired in migraine and obesity is a risk factor for the transformation from episodic to chronic migraine. In this review we discuss the basic science of adiponectin and its potential connection to the pathophysiology of migraine. Future research may focus on how adiponectin levels are potentially altered during migraine attacks, and how that information can be potentially translated into migraine therapy.

scholarly journals The relationship between adiposity parameters and C-reactive protein values in overweight and obese women

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Tatjana Mraovic ◽  
Sonja Radakovic ◽  
Danijela Ristic-Medic ◽  
Dragan Dincic ◽  
Vesna Tepsic-Ostojic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Obesity ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Overweight Subjects

Background/Aim. Overweight/obesity has become important health problem in developed countries. It may be related to a presence of low-grade inflammation in white adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and its relation to anthropometric parameters in overweight and obese females. Methods. This study included 200 apparently healthy, overweight and obese women (18?45 years). Their standard and alternative anthropometric parameters [body mass index (BMI), percentage of fat (%F), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body adiposity index (BAI)] were determined and correlated to serum CRP concentration. Results. Average CRP level was 5.56 ? 2.43 mg/L, and it significantly positively correlated to all investigated anthropometric parameters. There was significant difference between overweight and obese group in all investigated anthropometric parameters, as well as in CRP values. When investigated separately, according to BMI, values regarding obese females showed significant correlation between CRP and every investigated anthropometric parameter. In overweight subjects, no such correlation was recorded. In the obese group, all investigated parameters were significantly related to F. In overweight subjects, body weight (BW), BMI, WC and WHtR showed significant relation to F. Conclusion. The significant difference between the overweight and obese group in all parameters of central obesity was found as well as in the CRP levels. In the obese group, we found strong correlation between adiposity measured by fat percentage and parameters of central obesity, while in the overweight group WHR and BAI did not correlate to fat percentage. Our results confirmed that CRP is a valuable marker of metabolic risk in obese females, and BMI, although not so new, is still reliable parameter of adiposity.

scholarly journals Osteocalcin Is Independently Associated with C-Reactive Protein during Lifestyle-Induced Weight Loss in Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Silke Zimmermann ◽  
Maria Beatriz Walter Costa ◽  
Akash Mathew ◽  
Shruthi Krishnan ◽  
Jochen G. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Serum Osteocalcin ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Reactive Protein

Bone-derived osteocalcin has been suggested to be a metabolic regulator. To scrutinize the relation between osteocalcin and peripheral insulin sensitivity, we analyzed changes in serum osteocalcin relative to changes in insulin sensitivity, low-grade inflammation, and bone mineral density following lifestyle-induced weight loss in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Participants with MetS were randomized to a weight loss program or to a control group. Before and after the 6-month intervention period, clinical and laboratory parameters and serum osteocalcin levels were determined. Changes in body composition were analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In participants of the intervention group, weight loss resulted in improved insulin sensitivity and amelioration of inflammation. Increased serum levels of osteocalcin correlated inversely with BMI (r = −0.63; p< 0.001), total fat mass (r = −0.58, p < 0.001), total lean mass (r = −0.45, p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = −0.37; p < 0.01), insulin (r = −0.4; p < 0.001), leptin (r = −0.53; p < 0.001), triglycerides (r = −0.42; p < 0.001), and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) (r = −0.52; p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that osteocalcin was independently associated with changes in CRP but not with changes in insulin concentration, fat mass, or bone mineral density, suggesting that weight loss-induced higher serum osteocalcin is primarily associated with reduced inflammation.

scholarly journals Increase of Oxidative Stress is Positively Associated with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Women Using Combined Oral Contraceptives: An Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Cauci ◽  
Maria Pia Francescato ◽  
Chiara Colannino ◽  
Mattia Barbina ◽  
Giuseppe Barbina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Reactive Protein

Abstract Background Information concerning oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in oral contraception users is scarce. We investigated relationships of oxidative stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in women by oral combined contraceptive (OC) use. Methods Caucasian Italian healthy non-obese women (n = 290; 100 OC-users; 190 non-OC-users; mean age 23.2 ± 4.7 years) were analyzed. Blood hydroperoxides, as oxidative stress biomarkers, were assessed by Free Oxygen Radical Test (FORT), and serum hsCRP was determined by routine methods. Results Oxidative stress levels were elevated (≥ 400 FORT Units) in 77.0% and 15.8% of OC-users and non-OC-users, respectively (odds ratio (OR) = 209, 95%CI = 60.9-715.4, p < 0.001); hsCRP levels ≥ 2.0 mg/L were found in 41.0% and 9.5% of OC-users and non-users, respectively (OR = 6.6, 95%CI 3.5–12.4, p < 0.001). Continuous hydroperoxides values in OC-users were 1.7-fold higher compared to non-users (median 472 versus 270 FORT Units, p < 0.001); OC-users had 3.7-fold higher hsCRP values compared to non-OC-users (median 1.31 versus 0.35 mg/L, p < 0.001). Hydroperoxides were strongly positively correlated to hsCRP in all women (rs=0.622, p < 0.001), in OC-users (rs=0.442, p < 0.001), and in non-OC-users (rs=0.426, p < 0.001). Women with hydroperoxides ≥ 400 FORT Units were 8 times as likely to have hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L. In non-OC-users only, hydroperoxides values were positively correlated with weight and body mass index, but negatively correlated with red meat, fish and chocolate consumption. Conclusions Our cross-sectional observational study is the first finding a strong positive correlation of serum hydroperoxides with hsCRP, a marker of inflammation. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential role of these two biomarkers in OC-use side-effects, like thromboembolism.

scholarly journals Effect of a Moderate Weight Loss on Serum Fetuin-A and Markers of Inflammation in Individuals With Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1232-1232
Author(s):  
Suresh Mathews ◽  
Kensie Grace ◽  
Amanda Reeder ◽  
G Tylicki
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Serum Crp

Abstract Objectives Elevated fetuin-A (Fet-A) has been shown to be a risk factor for several metabolic diseases and understanding the effects of moderate weight loss on changes in Fet-A and other inflammatory markers could allow for lifestyle intervention strategies. The association of inflammatory markers and Fet-A with incremental body weight loss is unknown. The objective of the study was to evaluate the association of inflammatory markers, including TNF-alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP), Fet-A, and it's phosphorylated form, pFet-A, with incremental body weight loss. Methods Sixteen men achieved a targeted weight loss of 8% to 10% of initial body weight. In this study, we analyzed changes in serum TNF-α, adiponectin, and CRP inflammatory cytokines to changes in serum serum-Fet-A and pFet-A. We also examined the relationship of changes in cytokine profile to alterations in anthropometrics and other metabolic indices. All statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism version 8.0. Results A moderate body weight loss of 8% to 10%, significantly decreased serum CRP, but did not affect TNF-α or adiponectin concentrations in individuals with obesity. Serum CRP started to decrease with 4% to 6% body weight loss, demonstrating a mean change in serum CRP concentrations of – 0.15 mg/L and – 0.10 mg/L, for 4%-6% and 8%-10% body weight loss, respectively, for each 1 kg of body weight loss. Weight-loss induced change in serum CRP concentrations were not significantly associated with a decrease in serum Fet-A or pFet-A, although a trend was observed for change in serum pFet-A (r = 0.44, P = 0.09). Conclusions A moderate weight loss improved serum inflammatory marker C-reactive protein but did not affect TNF-α or adiponectin concentrations in individuals with obesity. These changes were not significantly associated with a decrease in serum pFet-A although a trend was observed. Funding Sources This work was supported by the American Diabetes Association (ADA 7–04-JF-36); the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station (ALA080–052).

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