Differences in postprandial inflammatory responses to a ‘modern’ v. traditional meat meal: a preliminary study

A low-grade inflammatory response (‘metaflammation’) has been found to be associated with certain chronic diseases. Proposed inducers of this have been aspects of the modern lifestyle, including newly introduced foods. Plasma TAG, and the inflammatory cytokines C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α and IL-6 were compared in a randomised, cross-over trial using ten healthy subjects before and after eating 100 g of kangaroo, or a ‘new’ form of hybridised beef (wagyu) separated by about 1 week. Postprandial levels for 1 and 2 h of TAG, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher after eating wagyu compared with kangaroo (P = 0·002 for TAG at 1 h, P < 0·001 at 2 h; P < 0·001 for IL-6 and TNF-α at 1 and 2 h). CRP was significantly higher 1 h postprandially after wagyu (P = 0·011) and non-significantly higher 2 h postprandially (P = 0·090). We conclude that the metaflammatory reaction to ingestion of a ‘new’ form of hybridised beef (wagyu) is indicative of a low-grade, systemic, immune reaction when compared with lean game meat (kangaroo). Further studies using isoenergetic intake and isolating fatty acid components of meats are proposed.

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Effect of lisinopril therapy on serum leptin, oxidative stress and C-reactive protein in hypertensive patients

Pharmacia ◽

10.3897/pharmacia.68.e73140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 705-711

Author(s):

Zeina A. Althanoon ◽

Isam H. Mahmood

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Low Grade ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Serum Leptin ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Before And After

The pathogenesis of essential hypertension through the interaction with elements of the rennin angiotensin aldosterone system is affected by oxidative stress and inflammation. The present study aimed to assess the effects of ACE-Inhibitor, lisinopril, on blood pressure, lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL), MDA, and TAS, hsCRP, and serum leptin levels n hypertensive patients. A case control study included 100 newly diagnosed mild to moderate hypertensive patients and another 100 apparently healthy aged and sex matched subjects as controls. The patients were treated with 10 mg lisinopril orally per day for three months’ duration. Venous blood sample was taken to test levels of MDA, GSH and TAS, hsCRP, lipid profiles and leptin in the serum before and after lisinopril therapy for both patients and controls. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were also assessed before and after lisinopril therapy for both patients and controls. In hypertensive patients treated with lisinopril, markers of oxidative stress (MDA, TAS and GSH), high sensitive C-reactive protein and leptin were all found to be decreased significantly after drug treatment (p < 0.01). Lisinopril affectively lowered systolic and diastolic BP values (p < 0.01). A significant decrease in lipid profile (p < 0.01) with a significant increase in HDL-C and TAS levels (p < 0.01) were found in lisinopril treated group in comparison with their values before treatment. Lisinopril may be used as a treatment for high blood pressure, as well as for the insulin resistance, hyperleptinemic, and low-grade inflammatory states that are associated with the disease.

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Effect of Massive Weight Loss on Inflammatory Adipocytokines and the Innate Immune System in Morbidly Obese Women

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2006-0960 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 483-490 ◽

Cited By ~ 112

Author(s):

Melania Manco ◽

J. Manuel Fernandez-Real ◽

Francesco Equitani ◽

Joan Vendrell ◽

Maria Elena Valera Mora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Massive Weight Loss ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Low Grade ◽

Obese Women ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Glucose Sensitivity

Abstract Context: Obesity may be regarded as a low-grade inflammatory state. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in pro-inflammatory adipocytokines and the innate immune system, cardiovascular risk, and insulin sensitivity after massive weight loss. Design: This was a longitudinal study. Setting: The study was conducted at Catholic University, Rome. Subjects and Methods: There were 10 normoglucose-tolerant obese women evaluated before and 36 months after bilio-pancreatic diversion (BPD). Glucose sensitivity (M value) was estimated using the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL), bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI), α-defensins, soluble CD14 receptor (sCD14), C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, IL-6, and TNF-α were assayed. Results: After massive weight loss (53% of excess body weight), leptin (P ≤ 0.0001), IL-6 (P ≤ 0.0001), α-defensins (P ≤ 0.001), and C-reactive protein (P ≤ 0.0001) decreased significantly. Adiponectin increased significantly (P ≤ 0.001). Of the nine subjects who lost more than 20% of body mass index, sCD14 (2.87 ± 0.5 to 2.55 ± 0.5; P = 0.016) and visfatin levels (12.20 ± 0.93 to 10.63 ± 1.93 ng/ml; P = 0.045) decreased significantly. No significant changes were observed in TNF-α, BPI, or MBL. Insulin sensitivity more than doubled after BPD (P ≤ 0.0001). sCD14 changes were significantly associated with body mass index (r0 = 0.80; P = 0.003) and M changes (r0 = −0.59; P = 0.03). MBL correlated with insulin sensitivity in obese (r0 = 0.93; P = 0.0001) and post-BPD women (r0 = 0.66; P = 0.038). Adiponectin correlated negatively with cardiovascular risk (r0 = −0.709; P = 0.02) and IL-6 (r0 = −0.634; P = 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that changes in sCD14 were also significantly related to changes in insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Surgically induced weight loss is capable of reversing low-grade inflammation, at least partially. The relationships between sCD14, MBL, BPI, and glucose sensitivity, and the role of TNF-α in obesity warrant further investigation.

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Expression of proinflammatory cytokines in stable angina

Cardiosomatics ◽

10.26442/cs44997 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

A. N Zakirova ◽

N. E Zakirova

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Functional Class ◽

Control Group ◽

Moderate Increase ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Healthy Persons ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Objective: to evaluate the severity of immuno-inflammatory responses under stable stenocardia in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Patients and intervention: the study included 83 patients suffering from IHD. Among them 30 cases were diagnosed as functional class (FC)-II stenocardia, 27 cases as FC-III stenocardia and 26 cases as FC-IV stenocardia. The control group included 25 healthy persons. For characterizing the immuno-inflammatory responses we examined the level of C-reactive protein (CRP), pro-inflammatory (IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines by the immunoenzymic procedure. Results: FC-II stenocardia showed normal levels of CRP and pro-inflammatory cytokines. FC-III stenocardia was associated with a moderate increase in markers of an inflammation. FC-IV stenocardia was characterized by maximum levels of CRP and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion. The intensity of immuno-inflammatory responses depends on more or less serious course of stenocardia in patients with IHD.

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Effect of Atorvastatin and Fish Oil on Plasma High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Concentrations in Individuals with Visceral Obesity

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/48.6.877 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 877-883 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

Dick C Chan ◽

Gerald F Watts ◽

P Hugh R Barrett ◽

Lawrence J Beilin ◽

Trevor A Mori

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Low Grade ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Hs Crp

Abstract Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerosis in visceral obesity. Statin and fish oil have been reported to have antiinflammatory effects. We studied whether dyslipidemic, obese individuals have increased plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations and whether treatment with atorvastatin and fish oil lowered plasma hs-CRP concentrations. Methods: We compared plasma hs-CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations in 48 obese individuals with the concentrations in 10 lean normolipidemic men. The obese individuals were then randomized to treatment with atorvastatin (40 mg/day), fish oil (4 g/day), atorvastatin plus fish oil, or matching placebo for 6 weeks. Results: Compared with controls, obese individuals had increased hs-CRP [geometric mean, 2.19 mg/L (95% confidence interval, 2.15–3.15 mg/L) vs 0.49 mg/L (0.30– 0.93 mg/L); P <0.001] and IL-6 [351 pg/L (318–449 pg/L) vs 251 pg/L (211–305 pg/L); P <0.01]. Atorvastatin treatment had a significant main effect of decreasing plasma hs-CRP (−0.87 mg/L; 95% confidence interval, −0.10 to −1.60 mg/L; P <0.01) and IL-6 (−70 pg/L; 10 to −140 pg/L; P <0.01), but this was not seen with fish oil. The reductions in hs-CRP with atorvastatin were not significantly correlated to changes in plasma lipids, IL-6, insulin resistance, or cholesterogenesis. Plasma TNF-α concentrations in obese individuals, however, were neither statistically different from concentrations in the lean controls nor altered with atorvastatin or fish oil treatment. Conclusions: This study shows that visceral obesity is associated with increased plasma hs-CRP and IL-6 and, hence, a low-grade chronic inflammatory state and that treatment with atorvastatin or atorvastatin with fish oil, but not fish oil alone, reverses this abnormality.

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Decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations in women with low-grade C-reactive protein elevation

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1480657 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 657-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

M Matsubara ◽

K Namioka ◽

S Katayose

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Metabolic Syndrome X ◽

Syndrome X ◽

Low Grade ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Plasma Adiponectin ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Before And After ◽

Hs Crp

OBJECTIVE: Inflammation has been suggested as a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis, while some components of metabolic syndrome X have been related to inflammatory markers. We hypothesized that adipocyte secreting protein, adiponectin and leptin, for which have been demonstrated an association with metabolic syndrome X and coronary artery disease, may be associated with inflammatory markers in nondiabetic humans. DESIGN AND METHODS: We measured high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), as an inflammatory marker, and adiponectin and leptin concentrations in 384 nondiabetic Japanese women (mean+/-s.e.m. age 53.6+/-0.8 Years, body mass index (BMI) 23.0+/-0.2 kg/m(2)) undergoing measurement of markers of metabolic syndrome X. RESULTS: The women who had a low-grade hs-CRP elevation (>2.0 mg/l) were significantly older and had higher BMI, body fat mass (BFM), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), atherogenic index (AI=(TC-HDLC)/HDLC), where HDLC is high-density lipoproten-cholesterol), fasting blood glucose and leptin concentrations before and after adjustment for BMI or BFM, while lower HDLC and adiponectin concentrations before and after adjustment compared with women with normal CRP levels (<0.5 mg/l). BMI, BFM, TG, AI and leptin before and after adjustment were found to be correlated with hs-CRP levels, while HDLC and adiponectin before and after adjustment were inversely correlated (all P<0.0001). hs-CRP was independently associated with white blood cell count, blood urea nitrogen and AI and inversely with adiponectin/BFM in the stepwise regression analysis model. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate a significant decrease in plasma adiponectin in low-grade chronic inflammation, and suggest that there is an important linkage between inflammation/adipose tIssue/atherosclerosis.

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Evaluation of tissue trauma and healing on the basis of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein in peripheral blood during and after pyometra in bitches

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.6122 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (10) ◽

pp. 658-664

Author(s):

TUĞBA SEVAL FATMA TOYDEMIR KARABULUT ◽

KIVILCIM SÖNMEZ

Keyword(s):

Tumour Necrosis Factor ◽

Tumour Necrosis ◽

Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Before And After ◽

Factor Alpha ◽

Necrosis Factor

In this study, inflammation in the blood of bitches with pyometra (PG) was compared before and 15 days after ovariohysterectomy (OVH). The results were compared with those for control dioestrus bitches (CG) to reveal the evidence of inflammation in blood after a routine surgery. Inflammation was tracked by tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukine-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), using immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunofluorescence capture of blood cells in cell blocks. ICC is performed mainly during routine cytological examinations, whereas the use of cell blocks in blood examination is uncommon. Insofar as we know, this is the first study using cell block techniques on canine blood samples. Three commercially available antibodies against TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP, forming two panels, were evaluated. A standard streptoavidin-biotin complex technique was used for ICC. TNF-α and IL-6 labelling was scored for colour and intensity, and CRP for immunofluorescence capture. TNF-α and IL-6 colour and intensity scores differed significantly between the PG and CG groups, and were higher in PG before OVH (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.001, P<0.01, respectively). IL-6 intensity was significantly greater in PG 15 days after OVH (P<0.05). CRP capture in PG was strong before OVH and high in both groups 15 days later. Low-dose anti-inflammatory agents or an anti-cytokine therapy may be useful in pyometra treatment in the future because these treatments may offer protection from systemic inflammatory response syndrome before and after OVH. .

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Synergism Effects of Ursolic Acid Supplementation on the Levels of Irisin, C-reactive Protein, IL-6, and TNF-α During High-intensity Resistance Training in Low Activity Men

Cardiovascular & Haematological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871529x19666190918144727 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 138-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ehsan Asghari ◽

Amir Rashidlamir ◽

Seyyed R.A. Hosseini ◽

Mahtab Moazzami ◽

Saeed Samarghandian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Ursolic Acid ◽

High Intensity ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Group Versus ◽

Current Data ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Low Activity

Background:: Ursolic Acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid which is extracted from plants. UA may enhance the effect of Resistance Training (RT) in human. Objective: Current research was designed to show the effect of High-Intensity Resistance Training (HIRT) in the presence or absence of UA on the serum levels of irisin, CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in the low activity men. Method:: The study included twenty-two healthy male HIRT with placebo, supplementation, and HIRT in the presence of UA supplementation. The two groups received eight-week intervention including 2 sets of 8 exercises, with 8~10 repetitions at 70~75% of 1 repetition maximum and a 2 min rest interval between sets, performed 3 times/week. Placebo or UA orally was evaluated as 1 capsule 3 times/day during 8 weeks. The subsequent factors were measured post- and preintervention: C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Irisin, Tumor Necrotic Factor (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results:: UA supplementation significantly increased the plasma levels of irisin in the HIRT+UA group versus the HIRT+P group (p<0.05). UA treatment also dramatically decreased the plasma levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the HIRT+UA group versus the HIRT+P group (p<0.05). Conclusion:: The current data showed that UA-induced an increase in serum irisin and reduction of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α may have beneficial effects as a chemical for increasing of the effects of HIRT in low activity men.

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Oxidative Stress Is Increased in Combined Oral Contraceptives Users and Is Positively Associated with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26041070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1070

Author(s):

Sabina Cauci ◽

Serena Xodo ◽

Cinzia Buligan ◽

Chiara Colaninno ◽

Mattia Barbina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Low Grade ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Obese Women ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Free Oxygen Radical ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Healthy Women

Information concerning the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in young healthy women predisposing eventually to future diseases is scarce. We investigated the relationship of oxidative stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in fertile-age women by oral combined contraceptive (OC) use. Caucasian Italian healthy non-obese women (n = 290; 100 OC-users; 190 non-OC-users; mean age 23.2 ± 4.7 years) were analyzed. Blood hydroperoxides, as oxidative stress biomarkers, were assessed by Free Oxygen Radical Test (FORT). Serum hsCRP was determined by an ultra-sensitive method (hsCRP). Markedly elevated oxidative stress (≥400 FORT Units) was found in 77.0% of OC-users and 1.6% of non-OC-users, odds ratio (OR) = 209, 95% CI = 60.9–715.4, p < 0.001. Elevated hsCRP levels ≥ 2.0 mg/L, considered risky for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), were found in 41.0% of OC-users and 9.5% of non-OC-users, OR = 6.6, 95%CI 3.5–12.4, p < 0.001. Hydroperoxides were strongly positively correlated to hsCRP in all women (rs = 0.622, p < 0.001), in OC-users (rs = 0.442, p < 0.001), and in non-OC-users (rs = 0.426, p < 0.001). Women with hydroperoxides ≥ 400 FORT Units were eight times as likely to have hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L. In non-OC-users only, hydroperoxides values were positively correlated with weight and body mass index, but negatively correlated with red meat, fish and chocolate consumption. Our research is the first finding a strong positive correlation of serum hydroperoxides with hsCRP, a marker of low-grade chronic inflammation, in young healthy women. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential role of these two biomarkers in OC-use associated side-effects, like thromboembolism and other CVDs.

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Association between fasting insulin and C-reactive protein among adults without diabetes using a two-part model: NHANES 2005–2010

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome ◽

10.1186/s13098-021-00645-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amanda L. Missel ◽

Laura R. Saslow ◽

Dina H. Griauzde ◽

Donna Marvicsin ◽

Ananda Sen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Low Grade ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Part Model

Abstract Introduction Chronic inflammation is associated with the development, progression and long-term complications of type 2 diabetes. Hyperglycemia is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, and thus has become the focus of many screening and treatment recommendations. We hypothesize that insulin may also be associated with inflammation and may be an additional factor to consider in screening and treatment. Methods This study used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2005 to 2010 to analyze the association between fasting insulin and C-reactive protein (CRP). A two-part model was used due to the high number of values reported as 0.1 mg/L. Two models were analyzed, both with and without the addition of waist circumference to other covariates in the model. Results The final sample included 4527 adults with a mean age of 43.31 years. In the first model, higher fasting insulin was associated with increased odds of CRP > 0.1 mg/L (OR = 1.02, p < .001) and with higher CRP (β = 0.03, p < .001). In the adjusted model, including waist circumference as a covariate, higher fasting insulin was not associated with CRP > 0.1 mg/L (OR = 1.00, p = .307) but the association between higher fasting insulin and higher continuous CRP remained significant (β = 0.01, p = .012). Conclusion This study found that higher fasting insulin is associated with higher CRP. These results suggest that treatment approaches that simultaneously decrease insulin levels as well as glucose levels may provide additive anti-inflammatory effects, and therefore may improve long-term outcomes for adults with type 2 diabetes.

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Chronic Induction of C-Reactive Protein by Hemodialysis, but Not by Peritoneal Dialysis Therapy

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686089601600213 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 158-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Marion Haubitz ◽

Reinhard Brunkhorst ◽

Eike Wrenger ◽

Peter Froese ◽

Matthias Schulze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Renal Insufficiency ◽

Chronic Renal Insufficiency ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Dialysis Therapy ◽

Dialysis Treatment ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Before And After ◽

Patient Groups

Objective Evaluation of the inflammatory activity in patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) and patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD) in comparison to patients with chronic renal insufficiency without dialysis treatment and healthy volunteers. Design Open, non randomized prospective study. Setting Nephrology Department, including HD and PD therapy in a university hospital. Patients Twenty -four patients on chronic PD, 21 patients on chronic HD therapy using a cuprophan dialyzer, 16 patients with chronic renal insufficiency without dialysis treatment, and 33 healthy volunteers; 8 additional patients before and after initiation of chronic HD therapy. All patients and controls were without infection or immunosuppressive therapy. Main Outcome Measures As a marker of the inflammatory activity in the different patient groups, C-reactive protein (CAP) was measured serially using a sensitive, enzyme-Iinked, immunosorbent assay in order to detect values below the detection limit of standard assays. Results All patient groups had CAP levels higher than the normal controls (p < 0.01). Patients on HD had CAP levels significantly higher than PD patients (p < 0.01) whose levels were comparable to patients without dialysis therapy. Accordingly, longitudinal measurements before and after initiation of chronic HD showed a significant increase in CAP levels after the beginning of HD treatment (p < 0.04). Conclusions The results suggest that induction of the inflammatory activity is lower during PD compared to HD, since stimulation by the dialyzer membrane, dialysate buffer, or bacterial fragments in the dialysate is avoided. This observation might indicate a possible lower risk of long-term complications in patients with PD.

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