scholarly journals The Relationship Between the Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio and Blood Pressure in Young Adults: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A300-A301
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
StellaMay Gwini ◽  
Lawrence J Beilin ◽  
Markus Schlaich ◽  
Michael Stowasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aldosterone To Renin Ratio ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Hypertension tracks throughout childhood into adulthood. Aldosterone excess, or primary aldosteronism, has been reported as the most common secondary cause of hypertension in adults. Elevated aldosterone in the setting of low renin predicts incident hypertension in normotensive adults. However, the relationship between aldosterone and blood pressure in adolescents and young adults is unclear. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between aldosterone, renin and the aldosterone:renin ratio (ARR) and blood pressure (BP) at age 17y as well as BP at age 27y in a community-based population. Methods: This is a prospective birth cohort study. Young adult offspring (Gen2) of women enrolled during pregnancy into the Raine Study, with 1239 at age 17y and 1006 at age 27y, were evaluated. Females taking hormonal contraception and participants without BP data were excluded from the current analysis. A generalised linear model was used to examine the relationship between BP and aldosterone, renin and ARR over time. The median aldosterone, renin and ARR was compared between sexes using quantile regression. Results: At 17y, females had similar aldosterone (349 vs 346 pmol/L, p=0.833) but significantly lower renin (20.6 vs 25.7 mU/L, p<0.001) and thus a higher ARR (18.3 vs 13.5, p<0.001) compared to males. However, they had lower systolic BP (109 vs 118 mmHg, p< 0.001) versus males. A significant correlation between ARR and systolic BP was detected in 17y males when adjusted for alcohol consumption, physical activity, urinary sodium and body mass index. This was true when the ARR was expressed as a continuous variable (β-coefficient 0.1, p=0.009) or categorical variable (highest quartile, β-coefficient 3.15, p=0.003). A similar correlation was not observed in females at 17y. However, the ARR at 17y was significantly associated with both systolic (β-coefficient 0.15, p=0.009) and diastolic BP (β-coefficient 0.14, p=0.003) at 27y in females, but not males. Conclusion: A relationship between ARR and BP are observed at both 17 and 27 years but with distinct age-related sex differences. Further evaluation of the relationship between ARR and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease such as vascular reactivity will improve our understanding of aldosterone as a cardiovascular risk factor young people.

scholarly journals Relationship Between the Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio and Blood Pressure in Young Adults: A Longitudinal Study

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Stella May Gwini ◽  
Lawrence J. Beilin ◽  
Markus Schlaich ◽  
Michael Stowasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Specific Interpretation ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Aldosterone To Renin Ratio ◽  
The Relationship

Hypertension tracks throughout childhood into adulthood. Elevated aldosterone in the setting of low renin predicts incident hypertension in normotensive adults, but the relationship is unclear in adolescents and young adults. To explore this relationship, we analyzed data from the offsprings (Gen2) of women enrolled during pregnancy into the Raine Study (population-based birth cohort), who had blood pressure (BP) measurements and blood samples at age 17 years (N=871) and age 27 years (N=758). At 17 years, females had similar median aldosterone levels (349 versus 346 pmol/L) but significantly lower direct renin concentration (20.6 versus 25.7 mU/L) and thus a higher aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR; 18.3 versus 13.5) compared with males. However, females had lower systolic BP (109 versus 118 mm Hg) versus males. A significant association between ARR and systolic BP was detected in 17 years males when adjusted for alcohol consumption, physical activity, and body mass index. This was true whether the ARR was expressed as a continuous variable (β-coefficient 0.1, P =0.009) or categorical variable (highest versus lowest quartile, β-coefficient 3.15, P =0.003). No such correlation was observed in females at 17 years. However, the ARR at 17 years was significantly associated with both systolic (β-coefficient 0.15, P =0.009) and diastolic BP (β-coefficient 0.14, P =0.003) at 27 years among females, but not males. The sexually dimorphic relationship between the ARR and BP in 17 and 27 years participants suggests that the ARR, calculated from the plasma aldosterone concentration and direct renin concentration, could be a useful tool for BP prediction and assessment in young people, but require sex-specific interpretation.

P5133Relationship between aldosterone-to-renin ratio and blood pressure in young adults from the general population

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Aeschbacher ◽  
M Mongiat ◽  
R Bernasconi ◽  
S Blum ◽  
P Meyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
General Population ◽  
Aldosterone To Renin Ratio

scholarly journals The Relationship between Birthweight and Longitudinal Changes of Blood Pressure Is Modulated by Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Genes: The Bogalusa Heart Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Sathanur R. Srinivasan ◽  
D. Michael Hallman ◽  
Gerald S. Berenson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Bogalusa Heart Study ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Blacks And Whites ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the genetic influence ofβ-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms (β2-AR Arg16Gly andβ3-AR Trp64Arg) on the relationship of birthweight to longitudinal changes of blood pressure (BP) from childhood to adulthood in 224 black and 515 white adults, aged 21–47 years, enrolled in the Bogalusa Heart Study. Blacks showed significantly lower birthweight and frequencies ofβ2-AR Gly16 andβ3-AR Trp64 alleles and higher BP levels and age-related trends than whites. In multivariable regression analyses using race-adjusted BP and birthweight, low birthweight was associated with greater increase in age-related trend of systolic BP (standardized regression coefficientβ=−0.09,P=.002) and diastolic BP (β=−0.07,P=.037) in the combined sample of blacks and whites, adjusting for the first BP measurement in childhood, sex, age, and gestational age. Adjustment for the current body mass index strengthened the birthweight-BP association. Importantly, the strength of the association, measured as regression coefficients, was modulated by the combination ofβ2-AR andβ3-AR genotypes for systolic (P=.042for interaction) and diastolic BP age-related trend (P=.039for interaction), with blacks and whites showing a similar trend in the interaction. These findings indicate that the intrauterine programming of BP regulation later in life depends onβ-AR genotypes.

scholarly journals Reference Intervals of Central Aortic Blood Pressure and Augmentation Index Assessed with an Oscillometric Device in Healthy Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults from Argentina

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Alejandro Diaz ◽  
Yanina Zócalo ◽  
Daniel Bia ◽  
Edmundo Cabrera Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Percentile Curves

Age-related reference intervals (RIs) of central (aortic) systolic blood pressure (cSBP) and augmentation index (cAIx) obtained from large healthy population are lacking in Argentina (South America). Aims. To analyze the existence of associations among cSBP and cAIx with demographic, anthropometric, and hemodynamic parameters and to generate percentile curves and RIs adjusted to each level of age and gender and/or body height. cSBP and cAIx were measured in 1038 healthy children, adolescents, and young adults. First, we evaluated if RIs for males and females were necessary using correlation and covariate analysis. Second, mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) age-related equations were obtained for cSBP and cAIx, using parametric regression methods based on fractional polynomials. Third, age specific percentiles curves were generated. Fourth, body height specific percentiles curves were generated using a similar procedure. The obtained equations (considering age as independent variable) for all subjects (cSBP0.26 and (cAIx + 12.001)0.5) were as follows: cSBP Mean = 3.0581 + 0.2189 log(Age) − 0.001044Age; cSBP SD = −0.03919 + 0.1535 log(Age) − 0.004564Age; cAIx mean = 9.5226 − 6.1599 log(Age) + 0.1450Age; cAIx SD = 1.3880 − 0.8468 log(Age) + 0.03212Age. This study, performed in Argentinean healthy children, adolescents, and young adults with ages of 5 to 22 years, provides the first RIs and percentile curves of cSBP and cAIx. Additionally, specific body height-related cAIx percentiles are reported for the analyzed population. The RIs and percentiles contribute to the knowledge of arterial dynamic evolution along the normal aging process and the interpretation of data obtained in clinical research and daily clinical practice.

scholarly journals Association Between Bedtime at Night and Systolic Blood Pressure in Adults in NHANES

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjie Su ◽  
Changluo Li ◽  
Yong Long ◽  
Liudang He ◽  
Ning Ding
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Gradual Decrease ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the association between bedtime at night and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in adults.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study composed of 7,642 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Bedtime was defined as the response to the question: “What time do you usually fall asleep on weekdays or workdays?” SBP was taken using the average of all measured values. Multiple linear regression analyses were done to explore the relationship between bedtime and SBP.Results: The bedtime was changed from categorical variable to continuous variable for data analysis, and a significantly negative association was identified between bedtime and SBP (β, −0.23 [95% CI, −0.43, −0.02]). With the delay of bedtime, the SBP showed a gradual decrease trend, and it was dropped to the lowest at 0:00. After 0:00, the SBP was gradually increased with the delay of sleep time. The stratified analyses showed that in the female group, with the delay of bedtime, the range of SBP was decreased more obviously at 0:00. In the 18–45 year group, bedtime had little effect on SBP. Among ≥45 years old group, this trend was still the same. In the black group, an obvious downward trend was found at 22:00.Conclusion: With the delay of bedtime, the SBP had shown a gradual decrease trend, and it was dropped to the lowest at 0:00. After 0:00, the SBP was gradually increased with the delay of sleep time. Bedtime and SBP showed a U-shaped relationship.

Gender Differences in Cardiovascular Responses to Sphygmomanometric Measurements

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens D. Rollnik ◽  
Udo Schneider ◽  
Sabine Siggelkow ◽  
Norbert Schmitz ◽  
Joachim Kugler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
A Minor

Objective: To study gender differences of cardiovascular responses due to painful stimuli during sphygmomanometry. Methods: We studied 80 subjects (40 women, 40 men). Blood pressure (BP) was determined continuously and noninvasively using a Finapres device (Penaz technique). The painful stimulus was administered by inflating the arm cuff of a sphygmomanometric device to 300 mmHg maximum pressure. Results: During cuff inflation systolic blood pressure (SBP) increased in women (+3.7 mmHg, SD = 9.9), but was unchanged in men (repeated measures ANOVA, P < .05). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate did not show significant changes. Cycle and oral contraceptives did not influence cardiovascular reactivity in the female subpopulation. Women reported a different pain quality but not intensity. Conclusions: Women and men exhibit a slightly different vascular reactivity to painful stimuli. Since cycle and hormonal contraception did not influence reactivity, hormonal influences seem to play a minor role. However, different pain perception might account for gender differences in vascular reactivity.

Does IQ Influence Association Between Working Memory and ADHD Symptoms in Young Adults?

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110588
Author(s):  
Pedro San Martin Soares ◽  
Paula Duarte de Oliveira ◽  
Fernando César Wehrmeister ◽  
Ana Maria Baptista Menezes ◽  
Luis Augusto Rohde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Robust Variance ◽  
The Relationship

Objective This study examined the association between WM and ADHD symptoms in young adults and whether IQ-score influenced this association. Method Data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study were analyzed ( N = 2,845). Working memory and ADHD symptoms were collected at 22 years. IQ was examined at age 18. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess the associations between working memory and ADHD symptoms. We also evaluated whether IQ modified associations between working memory and ADHD symptoms. Results Working memory was negatively associated with Inattention symptoms of ADHD. The association between working memory and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms of ADHD varied by IQ. Conclusions This study provides new insights to theories about the relationship between WM and ADHD symptoms as well as the development of interventions aimed at improving the performance of WM in ADHD.

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