Incubation temperature modulates post-hatching thermoregulatory behavior in the Madagascar ground gecko, Paroedura pictus

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (18) ◽  
pp. 2777-2784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Blumberg ◽  
Sean J. Lewis ◽  
Greta Sokoloff
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thermoregulatory Behavior ◽  
Systematic Effects ◽  
Regulate Body Temperature ◽  
Skin Temperatures

SUMMARY All vertebrates regulate body temperature within narrow limits, regardless of their physiological capabilities. When do these limits develop, and can they be modified by manipulations of the developmental thermal environment? We addressed these questions by incubating the eggs of the Madagascar ground gecko, Paroedura pictus, at three temperatures and by assessing thermoregulatory behavior in hatchlings. Thermoregulatory behavior was assessed using a two-choice shuttle paradigm, and skin temperatures were measured non-invasively using infrared thermography. The shuttling behavior of hatchlings was systematically affected by the temperature at which they were incubated, and follow-up tests suggested that this effect persisted for at least three weeks post-hatching. The body temperature data from the shuttling experiment were used to model thermoregulatory behavior in a complex thermal environment; the model predicted systematic effects of incubation temperature on thermal preference. The specificity of the alteration in thermoregulatory behavior by incubation temperature is compelling and provides evidence for powerful pre-hatching influences on a fundamental, life-sustaining behavioral process.

Effect of shodhana and shamana chikitsa in mandala kustha (psoriasis): A case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Bala Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Regulate Body Temperature ◽  
Old Men

Skin is the largest organ of the body both by surface area and weight. This covers the entire body. The thickness of skin varies considerably over all parts of the body and between young and old, men and women. It helps to regulate body temperature, stores water fat and permit sensation of touch. Psoriasis is a chronic dermatosis characterized by covered by silvery loose scales. Treatment available on contemporary system is not curative but suppressive only. The prevalence of psoriasis is 8%. Prevalence equal in males and females. A case of Mandala Kustha discussed here. Patient successfully treated with Shodhana (Virechana karma) & Shamana Chikitsa. After course of 2 months treatment provides significant relief in Sign and Symptoms. In our classics mentioned Shodhana Chikitsa for Kustha Roga. Considering the sign and symptoms of patient was treated with classical Virechana karma (therapeutic purgation) and Shamana Chikitsa according to line of treatment of Kustha (Psoriasis). Assessment was done on before treatment, after treatment and after follow up of 2 months; pictures were taken before treatment and after treatment. Remarkable improvement was noticed, induration and itching after Virechana treatment.

Body temperature and vasomotor responses in Scottish Blackface and Tasmanian Merino sheep subjected to slow cooling

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Slee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Cool Environment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Skin Temperatures ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

1. Scottish Blackface and Tasmanian Merino one-year-old males were exposed to cold in climate chambers. The environmental temperature fell slowly from +10°C to −15°C in the first experiment when the sheep were in full fleece and from +30°C to −5°C in the second experiment when the same sheep were closely shorn. In the second experiment each sheep received two identical exposures separated by one day spent in a cool environment. Rectal temperatures and skin temperatures on the body and the extremities were recorded.2. In experiment 1 skin temperatures on the feet and ears generally fell sharply due to vasoconstriction, especially in the Blackface sheep. The Blackface sheep showed earlier and more intense vasoconstriction than the Merinos.3. In experiment 2 foot and ear skin temperatures fell smoothly with gradual vasoconstriction. In contrast to experiment 1, both breeds were similar in the time of onset of vasoconstriction. Foot temperatures, however, were significantly higher and vasoconstriction correspondingly later during the second exposure of experiment 2 than during the first exposure.4. The skin temperature at which vasoconstriction occurred remained similar irrespective of breed, shearing or exposure occasion. But the ambient temperature at vasoconstriction was significantly influenced by all these variables.5. Cold-induced vasodilatations were more frequent in experiment 1 than in experiment 2.6. Retarded vasoconstriction among the Merinos in experiment 1 could, except for two sheep, be accounted for by their superior fleece cover. In experiment 2, the delayed foot vasoconstriction on second exposure was attributed to increased blood flow resulting from acclimatization.

scholarly journals Thermal biology of Amphisbaena munoai (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Rocha Matias ◽  
Laura Verrastro
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Thermal Biology ◽  
The Relationship

Studies on the thermal biology of fossorial reptiles that examine the relationship between the body temperature and thermal environment are needed to determine the extent of their thermoregulation abilities. This study assessed the thermal biology of Amphisbaena munoai Klappenbach, 1969 in the rocky fields of the Rio Grande do Sul and in the laboratory. The body temperature of most individuals was between 24 and 30 °C, both in the field (n = 81) and laboratory (n = 19). More individuals were caught in winter (n = 55) and spring (n = 60) than in summer (n = 25) and fall (n = 45), and in spring, individuals showed similar nocturnal and diurnal activities. In the laboratory, we found individuals with body temperatures up to 5 °C higher than the ambient temperature (n = 4), suggesting that some physiological mechanisms participate in the thermoregulation of these animals. Amphisbaena munoai is a thigmothermic species that is capable of actively regulating its temperature by selecting microhabitats such that its various activities occur within an ideal temperature range. This study is the first to evaluate the effect of seasonality and diurnal and nocturnal variations on the thermoregulation of an amphisbaenid.

Effects of food deprivation on daily changes in body temperature and behavioral thermoregulation in rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. R134-R139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamae Yoda ◽  
Larry I. Crawshaw ◽  
Kyoko Yoshida ◽  
Liu Su ◽  
Takayoshi Hosono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Escape Behavior ◽  
The Body ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Cold Environments ◽  
The Face ◽  
Regulate Body Temperature ◽  
Behavioral Mechanisms ◽  
Escape Behaviors

Homeothermic animals regulate body temperature (Tb) by using both autonomic and behavioral mechanisms. In the latter process, animals seek out cooler or warmer places when they are exposed to excessively hot or cold environments. Thermoregulation is affected by the state of energy reserves in the body. In the present study, we examine the effects of 4-day food deprivation on circadian changes in Tb and on cold-escape and heat-escape behaviors in rats. Continuous measurement of Tb during food deprivation indicated that the peak Tb amplitude was not different from baseline values, but the trough amplitude continuously decreased after the onset of food deprivation. Cold-escape behavior was facilitated by food deprivation, whereas heat-escape behavior was unchanged. After the termination of food deprivation, the lowered Tb returned to normal on the first day. However, cold-escape behavior was still facilitated on the third day after food reintroduction. Autonomic and behavioral thermoregulatory effectors are modulated in the face of food shortage so as to maintain optimal performance during the active period, whereas increasing energy conservation occurs during the quiescent phase.

Circadian variations in the sweating mechanism

1975 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Timbal ◽  
J. Colin ◽  
C. Boutelier
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Circadian Variations ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gains And Losses ◽  
Skin Temperatures

Sweat rates and body temperatures of human subjects were measured at 0200, 1000, and 1800 h during a heat exposure of 90 min. The latent period of sweating was not significantly altered in the evening but significantly shortened during the night. Mean body temperature corresponding to the onset of sweating was nearer to the basal body temperature during the night, while during the day the difference between these two temperatures became larger. This phenomenon seems related to the circadian cycle of vasomotor adjustment, since during the night body conductance was higher than during the day and corresponded to a state of a vasodilatation similar to that observed at the onset of sweating. During the day, this situation was reversed. During steady state, the following changes were observed: sweating rate, night less than morning less than evening; skin temperatures, night less than morning less than evening; and rectal temperature increase, morning less than evening less than night. It is hypothesized that these changes are due to either different metabolic rates or an imbalance between heat gains and losses which preserve the circadian rhythm of the body temperature, even under thermal loads.

scholarly journals The Effects of Natural Chinese Medicine Aconite Root, Dried Ginger Rhizome, and Coptis on Rectal and Skin Temperatures at Acupuncture Points

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Min Yang ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Yi-Xi Jin ◽  
Feng-Jie Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Materia Medica ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Skin Temperatures

The 4 properties of Chinese materia medica refer to cold, hot, warm, and cool. In the present study, the effects of the Coptis, the prepared aconite root, and dried ginger rhizome were compared with regard to the rectal and skin temperature changes of the related body surface acupuncture points (Dazhui, Zhiyang, Mingmen, Zhongwan, and Shenque). The investigation aimed to explore the thermal sensitive points, which can reflect the cold and hot properties of the Chinese herbs. This study showed that the prepared aconite root and dried ginger rhizome exhibited a warming effect on the body temperature, whereas the warming sensitive points were Zhongwan, Shenque, Dazhui, and Zhiyang. Coptis exhibited both a warming and a cooling effect on the body temperature, and the cooling sensitive point was Dazhui. The concomitant effect of these three Chinese herbs on the regulation of the body temperature was reflected by Dazhui. However, there are still some limitations and one-sidedness. For instance, the cold and hot property of some herbs cannot be fully reflected through relevant acupoints on the conception and governor vessels. More detecting sites such as ears and internal organs will be selected for further exploration of Chinese herbs’ cold and hot property.

scholarly journals Ruxolitinib Might Be an Effective Hormone Reduction and Replacement Drug in Children With Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chi ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Zhixuan Zhou ◽  
Xiaodong Shi ◽  
Yuchuan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

Abstract Background: To analyze the effects of ruxolitinib on children with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).Methods: Eleven pediatric patients diagnosed with HLH and treated with ruxolitinib (ruxolitinib group: group R) between November 2017 and August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Eleven age-matched pediatric patients with HLH undergoing conventional treatment (control group: group C) were also analyzed.Results: In group R, three patients who did not respond to conventional treatment (dexamethasone and etoposide) were treated with Ruxolitinib and their temperature decreased to normal levels. Four patients had normal temperature after conventional treatment, but they had severe organ involvement, including obvious yellowing of the skin, increased liver enzyme levels and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and they were all ameliorated with ruxolitinib treatment. Four patients were relieved with ruxolitinib therapy alone. In group C, the body temperature of eleven patients all decreased to normal levels after conventional treatment. The body temperature of group R patients decreased to normal levels more rapidly than that of group C patients. The hormone dosage in group R was significantly lower than that in group C. Both groups were followed up for 2–2.5 years. No obvious adverse drug reactions of ruxolitinib were observed during treatment and follow-up.Conclusion: Ruxolitinib might be an effective drug in controlling body temperature and reducing inflammation indicators. It might be a potential replacement for hormone therapy for HLH treatment in children, thereby reducing or avoiding hormone-related adverse reactions.

Some aspects of body temperature regulation in sheep

1968 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. D. Webster ◽  
K. G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Heat Increment ◽  
Skin Temperatures

SummarySkin temperatures, deep body temperatures and respiratory rates have been measured in Southdown and Merino sheep following feeding, and during infra-red irradiation, rumen infusions of hot and cold water, and cold exposure induced by shearing. The increases in respiratory rate and skin temperatures induced by infra-red heating and the heat increment of feeding were reversed by addition of iced water to the rumen and were suppressed by shearing. These responses could not be systematically related to particular body temperatures in the sheep and appeared to be continuously variable rather than ‘all-or-none’ phenomena. Considerable overlap was observed between respiratory and vasomotor mechanisms of thermoregulation. Measurements of the surface area and weight of ears and legs showed that these regions contribute approximately 23% of the surface area and 8% of the body weight in Merino sheep. Calculations suggested that up to 70% of the additional heat produced in the 2 h after feeding in sheep may be stored in the tissues through increase in mean body temperature. Sheep kept in short wool throughout the winter appeared to establish a new thermoregulatory ‘set-point’ associated with lower rectal temperatures than those in sheep with a full fleece.

scholarly journals Field body temperature and thermal preference of the big-headed turtle Platysternon megacephalum

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwei Shen ◽  
Fanwei Meng ◽  
Yongpu Zhang ◽  
Weiguo Du
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Freshwater Turtle ◽  
Diel Variation ◽  
Thermal Preference ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Preferred Body Temperature

Abstract The big-headed turtle Platysternon megacephalum is a stream-dwelling species whose ecology is poorly known. We carried out field and laboratory investigations to determine field body temperatures and thermal preference of this species. In the field, the body temperatures of the turtles conformed to the water temperature, with little diel variation in either summer or autumn. Over the diel cycle, the mean body temperatures ranged from 20.8°C to 22.2°C in summer and from 19.3°C to 21.2°C in autumn; the highest body temperatures ranged from 22.1°C to 25.0°C in summer and from 20.6°C to 23.8°C in autumn. In the laboratory, the preferred body temperature (Tp) was 25.3°C. Food intake was maximized at 24.0°C, whereas locomotor performance peaked at 30.0°C. Consequently, Tp was closer to the thermal optimum for food intake than for locomotion. Therefore, this freshwater turtle has relative low field body temperatures corresponding to its thermal environment. In addition, the turtle prefers low temperatures and has a low optimal temperature for food intake.

scholarly journals The Thermoregulatory Behavior of Nectar Foraging Polistine Wasps (Polistes dominula and Polistes gallicus) in Different Climate Conditions

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Kovac ◽  
Helmut Käfer ◽  
Anton Stabentheiner
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Thermoregulatory Behavior ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Polistes Dominula ◽  
Polistine Wasps

Polistine wasps collect nectar for their energetic demand and for the provision of the brood. They are mainly ectothermic during different behavioral tasks. We investigated the body temperature of two species living in differing habitats and climate regions, in order to reveal the environmental influence on their thermoregulatory behavior. The species were Polistes dominula in the temperate climate of Central Europe, and Polistes gallicus in the warm Mediterranean climate of Southern Europe. The wasp’s body temperature was measured during foraging on lovage (Levisticum officinale) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) by infrared thermography in the entire ambient temperature range they are usually exposed to (Ta ~ 20–40 °C). The temperature of all body parts increased nearly linearly with ambient temperature, with the thorax as the warmest part. To achieve optimal foraging temperatures, they preferably use solar radiation. An “operative temperature model” enabled the evaluation of the endothermic effort. Polistes dominula foraging on lovage exhibited no endothermic activity. However, while foraging on fennel they had a weak and almost constant endothermic performance of about 1 °C. Polistes gallicus, by contrast, exhibited mostly no or only minor endothermy during foraging. Both wasps avoid a high energetic effort and this way reduce their foraging costs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document