Biochemical and nutritional indices as cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian firefighters

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazli Azabdaftari ◽  
Reza Amani ◽  
Mohammad Taha Jalali
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Nutritional Indices ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Aim Limited cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk data are available for firefighters worldwide. This comparative study was aimed at investigating the biochemical and nutritional indices of firefighters in Iran. Materials and methods Individuals’ anthropometric measurements, including weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences, were measured and the percent of body fat (BF%) was also obtained. Blood sampling was done in order to determine lipid profile, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), lipoprotein a (Lp(a)) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) were also measured. Results The mean ages of firefighters and administrative staff were 42.45 ± 6.75 and 44.64 ± 5.83 y, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 45% and 24% in firefighters and 54% and 23% in administrative staff, respectively. High waist-to-hip and waist-to-stature ratios were detected in 26.4% and 81.3% of firefighters versus 33.3% and 89.7% of the control group, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the mean of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and FBS concentrations. The mean of Lp(a) was significantly higher among firefighters ( P<0.05). About half of the subjects in both groups had TC >5.17, TG >1.69, HDL-C <1.03 nmol/L and Lp(a) >25 mg/dL. There were no significant differences between the SBP and DBP of subjects. There was no significant difference in smoking habits between the two groups. Conclusions Considering the high prevalence of overweight and obesity, high TC, TG and Lp(a) and low HDL-C concentrations among all firefighters, it seems necessary to provide fitness-promotion and nutritional education programs for the prevention of obesity-related chronic diseases such as CVD.

scholarly journals Effects of Quercetin Supplementation on Lipid and Protein Metabolism after Classic Boxing Training

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Nevzat Demirci ◽  
Mehmet Akif Ziyagil
Keyword(s):  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Metabolic Fitness

The metabolic fitness (MF) is a component of athletes’ physical conditioning. This study aims to investigate the effects of quercetin supplementation on Turkish Junior athletes’ lipid and protein metabolism relating to MF after one month classic boxing training. Totally 20 voluntary junior male athletes were separated into two equal groups as the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The participants were supplemented with 500 mg quercetin fifteen minutes before each workout in one month boxing training program. Blood samples during pre and post training were taken from athletes in order to determine metabolic fitness related parameters. Lipid profile contains low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), trigliserid (TG), total cholesterol (TC) variables while protein metabolism includes the albumin, total protein, direct bilirubin and total bilirubin parameters. The Mann Whitney U analyzes were used for comparison of the means between experimental and control groups during pre and posttest and between pre and post test results in experimental and control groups. This study showed that EG had a similar physical characteristic with CG. There were significant decrease in TC and LDL-C and an increase in HDL-C in EG while there was only significant increase in HDL-C of in controls. A significant difference of HDL-C was observed between EG and CG during pretest. In other side, TC and LDL-C and HDL-C were significantly differentiated between EG and CG during posttest. Conclusion: it can be concluded that quercetin plays an important role on lipid metabolism not protein.

scholarly journals Effect of Hyper and Hypothyroidism on Lipid Profile and Liver Function of Male Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 926-933
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was designed to investigate the effect of thyroid hormone disturbance on lipids profiles and liver functions. Eighteen mature male rats Rattus norvegicus were divided into three groups. The first and the second groups were injected subcutaneously with thyroxine (T4) and carbimazol (both at 600 µg/kg BW) respectively on alternate days, to produce recurrent periods of hyper and hypothyroidism .The control group which is the third group was injected with physiological saline. The process continued 4 weeks, after that, injection, blood specimens were collected to estimate serum levels of T3 and T4, Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were determined in the serum. In addition to that, we measure GOT, GPT and CPK enzymes activity. The results showed no significant difference in body weight and a significant increase (P

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin on spermatogenesis in rats: A stereological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2609-2614
Author(s):  
Ekrem Akdeniz ◽  
Mehmet Emin Onger ◽  
Mustafa Suat Bolat ◽  
Fatih Firat ◽  
Metin Gur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optical Fractionator ◽  
Rat Spermatogenesis

Purpose: To investigate the effects of oral atorvastatin on spermatogenesis in a rat model.Methods: Rats were equally assigned into control and study groups, the latter receiving atorvastatin (20 mg/kg/day). At the end of 12 weeks, spermatogenetic activity was evaluated using stereological and optical fractionator methods. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured using micro–ELISA kits. Total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL - C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were also measured by enzymatic colorimetric assays.Results: Testicular stereological analysis revealed that atorvastatin reduced Sertoli cell numbers (p < 0.001), spermatogonia (p < 0.001), spermatocytes (p < 0.001), and seminiferous tubule diameters (p < 0.001). LDL – C (p = 0.01) and TG (p = 0.01) values were significantly lower in the study group compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in FSH (p = 0.44), LH (p = 0.48),and TT (p = 0.06) levels between the groups.Conclusion: The findings show that atorvastatin causes deleterious effects on rat spermatogenesis. It should therefore be used with caution in clinical practice owing to its potential adverse effects, especially on male fertility. Keywords: Statin, Atorvastatin, Spermatogenesis, Stereology, Testis

Effect of dietary probiotic, antibiotic or combination on broiler performance, cecum microbial population and ileal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbaz ◽  
Said El-sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance

Objective: To investigate the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics on broiler performance, some serum metabolites, cecum microflora composition, and ileum histomorphology under the Egyptian conditions. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Two hundred forty 1-day-old Ross (308) chicks were reared till 35 days of age. Procedures: The birds were randomly allocated into four main groups: a control diet without additives (CON); probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) supplemented diet (PRO); antibiotic (Avilamycin) supplemented diet (ANT) and a mix group (AP) that received antibiotic in the diet form 1 to 4 days of age and treated during the rest of the experimental period with probiotics. Results: Chickens fed on probiotic or antibiotic diets had linear improvement in live body weight (LBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group, while the best LBW and FCR were in the AP group. An improvement in the nutrient digestibility was observed in the probiotic added groups (PRO and AP). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents decreased when antimicrobial (probiotic or antibiotic) supplementations were used, while there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents, serum total protein, and albumin levels. Among all groups, cecum Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli counts decreased; however, there was an increase in Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. In probiotic supplemented groups (PRO and AP), a significant (P<0.05) improvement in ilea architecture. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using probiotic after initial treatment with an antibiotic in broiler diets had a positive effect on broiler growth performance, gut health (improved cecum microbial populations and ileum histomorphology), and nutrient digestibility.

Karate Training Improves Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fabricio de Souza ◽  
Luciano Acordi da Silva ◽  
Gisele Santinoni Ferreira ◽  
Márcia Mendonça Marcos de Souza ◽  
Franciane Bobinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Stress Markers

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of 12 weeks of karate training on cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Method: Seventy adolescents were randomized into 2 groups: control received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week for 12 weeks, and treatment received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week, plus 3 karate sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The main outcome measure was improvement in cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Results: After the intervention period, the treatment group showed a reduction in resting heart rate (77.86 [10.89]), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40.86 [8.31]), and triglycerides (75.18 [32.29]) and an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95.64 [42.53]) in relation to pretraining. Regarding oxidative stress markers, there was a reduction in protein carbonylation (0.07 [0.06]) and nitric oxide (1.39 [1.11]) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (0.68 [0.31]) and glutathione (0.11 [0.08]) compared with pretraining. With respect to inflammation, adiponectin increased (14.54 [5.36]) after the intervention when compared with preintervention. Conclusion: The study concluded that the intervention may improve cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Long-term effects need to be evaluated.

scholarly journals Effect of Whole Quail (Coturnix japonica) Egg Consumption on some Reproductive Parameters and Lipid Profile of Male Albino Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidozie N. OKOYE ◽  
Samuel O. EKERE ◽  
Onyinyechukwu A. AGINA ◽  
Ikechukwu J. UDEANI ◽  
Chukwunonso K. EZEASOR
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean

The present study evaluated the effect of whole egg consumption on the liver, testes, cauda epididymal sperm reserve and lipid profile of male rats. These evaluations were carried out on adult twenty (20) male albino rats, which were randomly selected into four groups of 5 rats each, designated groups A, B, C and D. Group A was the control group and received only equivalent volume of distilled water, while groups B, C and D received 0.25mg/kg, 0.5mg/kg; and 1.0mg/kg body weight of the quail egg respectively. Standard procedures were carried out in the tissue processing, cauda epididymal sperm reserve and in lipid profile determinations. On days 35 and 49, the mean serum total cholesterol value of group D was significantly lower than that of the control group. On day 35, the mean serum low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL cholesterol) values of all the treatment groups were significantly lower and higher than that of the control group, respectively. However, on days 49 and 63, the mean serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL cholesterol) and triglyceride values of all the treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. A significant increase in cadual epididymal sperm count (CESR) was recorded on day 63 at the mid and high doses. No obvious pathological lesions were observed in the histomorphology of the testes and liver when compared to the control. Therefore, whole quail egg consumption caused an increase in serum triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein concentration, and also improved fertility. In other words, prolonged consumption of quail egg should be done with caution as it may predispose one to cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BOESENBERGIA PANDURATA (FINGER ROOT) IN EXPERIMENTAL INDUCED HYPERCHOLESTROLEMIC SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Santosh Fattepur ◽  
Kiran Chanabasappa Nilugal ◽  
Ranya Rajendran ◽  
Fadli Asmani ◽  
Eddy Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is one of the risk factors that contribute to the prevalence of coronary heart diseases and antihyperlipidemic agents, such as statin, was used to treat hyperlipidemia as a current therapy. Boesenbergia pandurata has not been exploited for antihyperlipidemic effect. Hence, this study aims to screen for the antihyperlipidemic activity of methanolic extracts of B. pandurata rhizomes (BPR extracts) in hypercholesterolemia-induced Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods: BPR extracts were prepared using the maceration method with 1500 ml of 80% methanol at room temperature for about 7 days. A toxicity study was carried out based on OECD guidelines. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by 6% lard oil, 2% of cheese, and egg yolks. Two different doses of BPR extracts, 200 and 400 mg/kg, were used to screen for antihyperlipidemic effect. Histopathological study was carried out in the liver. The results were evaluated for the statistically significant difference by using the one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Dunnett test.Results: No mortality was witnessed even till 2 g/kg. Only 400 mg/kg of BPR extracts statistically reduced in total cholesterol (p<0.05), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.05) and an increase in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.05) when compared to the positive control. BPR extracts (400 mg/kg) showed less enlargement of lipid droplets as compared to positive control.Conclusion: BPR extracts can be a promising medicinal plant for treating hyperlipidemia in underdeveloped countries.

Effect of Hydroxychloroquine on the Lipid Profile of Patients with Sjögren Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michail P. Migkos ◽  
Theodora E. Markatseli ◽  
Chrisoula Iliou ◽  
Paraskevi V. Voulgari ◽  
Alexandros A. Drosos
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Changes Over Time

Objective.Many studies have highlighted the hypolipidemic action of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). We investigated the effect of HCQ on the lipid profile of patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS).Methods.The present retrospective observational study included 71 female patients with SS treated with HCQ. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and atherogenic index (TC/HDL) were measured at baseline, after 6 months, and 1, 3, and 5 years after initiation of HCQ treatment. Analysis to investigate changes over time was performed in the entire patient group and in the separate subgroups: those receiving (21 patients) and those not receiving (50 patients) hypolipidemic treatment.Results.For the entire group of patients a statistically significant decrease in TC was noted (levels before treatment 220 ± 41 mg/dl, and at 5 yrs 206 ± 32 mg/dl, p = 0.006). A statistically significant difference was observed in the levels of HDL (57 ± 14 mg/dl vs 67 ± 17 mg/dl, p < 0.001) and in atherogenic index (4.0 ± 1.3 vs 3.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001). Patients not receiving a hypolipidemic agent during the same period demonstrated a decrease in TC (214 ± 40 mg/dl vs 208 ± 34 mg/dl, p = 0.049), an increase in HDL levels (55 ± 15 mg/dl vs 67 ± 18 mg/dl, p < 0.001), and a decrease in atherogenic index (4.0 ± 1.4 vs 3.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients receiving hypolipidemic treatment, the respective changes in their lipid profile were not significant in the first years but became significant in the long term.Conclusion.Use of HCQ in patients with SS was related to a statistically significant decrease in TC, an increase in HDL, and improvement in the atherogenic index.

scholarly journals Adiponutrin as a Marker of Metabolic Disorders in Patients with Hypertension with Overweight and Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
P. G. Kravchun ◽  
◽  
O. I. Kadykova ◽  
U. S. Herasymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group

Hypertension is a leading risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, kidney disease, vascular cognitive impairment, and mortality worldwide. Obesity in combination with hypertension continues to attract considerable attention from scientists. Despite the presence of experimental and clinical evidence of mutual burdening of hypertension and obesity, the mechanisms of formation of pathophysiological consequences of such a combination remain insufficiently defined. That is why in recent years an important role is given to the adiponutrin protein. The purpose of the study is to assess the nature of the relationship between adiponutrin levels and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism depending on the duration and degree of hypertension and the degree of obesity in patients with this comorbid pathology. Material and methods. The study included 107 patients with hypertension who were hospitalized in the cardiology department of Municipal noncommercial enterprise "Kharkiv City Clinical Hospital No.27" of Kharkiv municipal council. The age of patients ranged from 32 to 79 years (mean age was 58.6±9.88), who had not previously received regular antihypertensive therapy. The control group consisted of 20 age- and sex-appropriate healthy individuals. The level of adiponutrin was determined in 58 patients with hypertension of the 1st - 3rd degrees, aged from 32 to 79 years (mean age was 57.5±10.11 years), while hypertension of the 1st degree was diagnosed in 12 (20.7%) patients, hypertension of the 2nd degree - in 16 (27.6%), and hypertension of the 3rd degree - in 30 (51.7%) of the examined patients. Blood pressure was measured in patients in a sitting position after 5 minutes of rest, anthropometric measurements were performed, lipid profile and indicators of carbohydrate metabolism were evaluated, adiponutrin levels (pg/mL) were determined by enzyme immunoassay method using The RayBio® Adiponutrin Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) Kit, (USA). Results and discussion. In all groups of patients with hypertension with overweight and obesity, adiponutrin levels were significantly elevated, and lipid and carbohydrate profiles tended to increase. Significant direct correlations were found between adiponutrine and triglycerides, with very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of a moderate nature, and draws attention with a very high body mass index. In considering the differences in adiponutrin levels depending on gender, it was found that men have higher adiponutrin levels than women. Conclusion. Thus, we have the opportunity to consider adiponutrin as a marker of metabolic disorders

scholarly journals Oxidative/Antioxidative Status in Patients after Myocardial Infarction and in Those without Cardiovascular Event Depending on Anthropometric Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Józef Nowicki ◽  
Barbara Ślusarska ◽  
Andrzej Prystupa ◽  
Maciej Polak ◽  
Maria Czubaj-Kowal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status

Obesity is one of the factors leading to the development of atherosclerosis. This metabolic disorder is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species, which affect the oxidative stress level. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative/antioxidative status and to investigate the correlation between redox markers and anthropometric parameters and body composition in adult patients after myocardial infarction and in individuals without a cardiovascular event in the past. Descriptive data on socio-demographic, clinical, and anthropometric features and blood samples were collected and categorized into two equal groups: after myocardial infarction (study group (SG), n = 80) and without a cardiovascular event (control group (CG), n = 80). The oxidative/antioxidative status was assessed in plasma on the basis of total oxidative/capacitive status (PerOx), total antioxidative status/capacity (ImAnOx), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). OxLDL was significantly higher in the CG group compared to the SG group (p = 0.02). No significant differences were found with regard to PerOx and ImAnOx values between the studied groups. Significant positive correlation between PerOx and percentage of adipose tissue (FM [%]) and body adiposity index (BAI) was found in the two studied groups. ImAnOx significantly positively correlated with VAI in SG and FM% in CG. OxLDL negatively correlated with body mass index and waist to hip circumference ratio in CG. The total oxidative/antioxidative status is related to the amount of adipose tissue and the BAI of the subjects. It was observed that it correlates more frequently with the visceral distribution of body fat.

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