scholarly journals Adsorption of Polydisperse Polyvinyl Alcohol Molecules on the Surface of Activated Carbons

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-473
Author(s):  
J. Barkauskas ◽  
A. Vinslovaite
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Surface Heterogeneity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Carbon Substrate ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Graphene Layers

The adsorption of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on activated carbons was studied in aqueous solutions. Each batch of activated carbon produced was obtained via a definite number of technological operations using wood as the raw material. The adsorption process was studied using a gel chromatography technique with potentiometric titrations being employed for evaluating the chemical composition of the activated carbons produced. The data obtained from the various activated carbon samples were compared to ascertain the adsorption mechanism. It was concluded that water molecules had a limited influence on the competitive process of polymer adsorption. A rather pronounced negative correlation between the number of phenol functional groups and PVA adsorption capacity was observed, indicating that these groups hindered the adsorption process. Assumptions concerning the role of phenol functional groups were made, taking into account not only the surface heterogeneity but also changes in the electron density of the graphene layers in the carbon substrate.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions on Activated Carbons with Different Oxygen Contents

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Biniak ◽  
J. Kaźmièrczak ◽  
A. Swiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Principal Factor ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
Phenol Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Character

The effect of the chemical character of the surface of an activated carbon on phenol adsorption from aqueous solutions is described. The adsorbents used consisted of five types of activated carbon obtained by modification of the raw material. The results obtained indicate that the principal factor influencing adsorption is the oxygen contained in those surface functional groups which exhibit an acidic character. Moderately and slightly acidic groups are the most important in this context.

scholarly journals Study on Adsorption Properties of Modified Corn Cob Activated Carbon for Mercury Ion

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4483
Author(s):  
Yuyingnan Liu ◽  
Xinrui Xu ◽  
Bin Qu ◽  
Xiaofeng Liu ◽  
Weiming Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Mercury Ions ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
X Ray

In this study, corn cob was used as raw material and modified methods employing KOH and KMnO4 were used to prepare activated carbon with high adsorption capacity for mercury ions. Experiments on the effects of different influencing factors on the adsorption of mercury ions were undertaken. The results showed that when modified with KOH, the optimal adsorption time was 120 min, the optimum pH was 4; when modified with KMnO4, the optimal adsorption time was 60 min, the optimal pH was 3, and the optimal amount of adsorbent and the initial concentration were both 0.40 g/L and 100 mg/L under both modified conditions. The adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Zeta potential characterization results showed that the adsorption process is mainly physical adsorption, surface complexation and ion exchange.

scholarly journals Performance of Sweet Potato’s Leaf-Derived Activated Carbon for Hydrogen Sulphide Removal from Biogas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Geni Juma ◽  
Revocatus Machunda ◽  
Tatiana Pogrebnaya
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Optimal Test ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Activation Ratio

In this study, sweet potato leaf activated carbon (SpLAC) was prepared by the chemical activation method using KOH and applied as an adsorbent for H2S removal from biogas. The study focused on the understanding of the effect of carbonization temperature (Tc), varying KOH : C activation ratio, flow rate (FR) of biogas, and mass of SpLAC on sample adsorption capacity. The BET analysis was performed for both fresh and spent activated carbons as well as for carbonized samples, which were not activated; also, the activated carbon was characterized by XRF and CHNS techniques. The results showed that removal efficiency (RE) of the SpLAC increased with increase carbonization temperature from 600 to 800°C and the mass of sorbent from 0.4 g to 1.0 g. The optimal test conditions were determined: 1.0 g of sorbent with a KOH : C ratio of 1 : 1, Tc=800°C, and FR=0.02 m3/h which resulted in a sorption capacity of about 3.7 g S/100 g of the SpLAC. Our findings corroborated that H2S removal was contributed not only by the adsorption process with the pore available but also by the presence of iron in the sample that reacted with H2S. Therefore, upon successful H2S sorption, SpLAC is suggested as a viable adsorbent for H2S removal from biogas.

Modification of Activated Carbon and its Application on Adsorption of UDMH Gas

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1026-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Chun Wang ◽  
Xiao Li Gou ◽  
Xiao Meng Lv
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Metal Solution ◽  
Modified Activated Carbons

Two kinds of modified activated carbons were prepared by dipping with Zn(NO3)2 solution and by reducing in the atmosphere of N2 at high temperature respectively, which were characterized by FTIR,DSC,SEM and EDS. The surface structure was strongly changed in the process, along with the changes of chemical functional groups. The results of adsorption experiments revealed that the adsorbent capacities of UDMH gas at room temperature were enhanced obviously by modification compared with the raw activated carbon, especially dipped by transition metal solution. The mechanism probably involved was also discussed.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM BAMBOO (Bambusa vulgaris) FOR PESTICIDE REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregório Mateus Santana ◽  
Roberto Carlos Costa Lelis ◽  
Emerson Freitas Jaguaribe ◽  
Rayssa de Medeiros Morais ◽  
Juarez Benigno Paes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

ABSTRACT Considering the water scarcity problems facing many countries, the need for water reuse can make activated carbon (AC) an essential product for modern society. In this context, to contribute with better activated carbons that could be used to serve in water treatment, this article discusses these materials production, using bamboo as raw material, and analyses their application effectiveness. The bamboo was collected, transformed into activated carbon, by simultaneous chemical and physical activations, and named H3PO4/H2OAC. The obtained material was characterized by its yield, apparent density, ash content, thermogravimetric analysis, surface area, methylene blue and iodine indexes, pH and point of zero charge analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Boehm titration method. The AC was used as adsorbent for removing the metribuzin, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and furadan pesticides. The H3PO4/H2OAC had a surface area of 1196.30 m².g-1 and the obtained adsorption capacity was elevated for furadan (868.98 mg.g-1), metribuzin (756.47 mg.g-1) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (274.70 mg.g-1).

Removal of Methylene Blue by Adsorption Process - A Comparative Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 245-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Xavier ◽  
J. Gandhi Rajan ◽  
D. Usha ◽  
R Sathya
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Molecular Formula

Methylene blue is a heterocyclic aromatic chemical compound with the molecular formula C16H18N3SCl. It has used in the biology and chemistry field. At room temperature, it appears as a solid, odourless dark green powder that yields blue solution when dissolved in water. As a part of removal of methylene blue dye from textile and leather industrial wastes, using activated carbon as adsorbents namely, commercial activated carbon (CAC), rose apple carbon (RAC), coconut shell carbon (CSC) and saw dust carbon (SDC). The percentage of Methylene blue adsorbed increases with decrease in initial concentration and particle size of adsorbent and increased with increase in contact time, temperature and dose of adsorbents. The pH is highly sensitive for dye adsorption process. The adsorption process followed first order kinetics and the adsorption data the modeled with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The first kinetic equations like Natarajan Khalaf, Lagergren, Bhattacharya and Venkobhachar and intra particle diffusion were found to be applicable. A comparative account of the adsorption capacity of various carbons has been made. These activated carbons are alternative to commercial AC for the removal dyes in General and MB is particular. These results are reported highly efficient and effective and low cost adsorbent for the MB. The thermodynamics parameters are also studied and it obeys spontaneous process. The results are confirmed by before and after adsorption process with the help of the following instrumental techniques viz., FT-IR, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and SEM photos.

Scavenging of Nickel(II) from Aqueous Wastes by Adsorption with Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)

2014 ◽  
Vol 612 ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Supriya Gawhane
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Models

Due to explosive growth of industrial and agricultural activities, there is rise in pollutants in water including heavy metals and toxic elements. In light of increasing pollution load of environment it is imperative to address this problem by different approaches and means.Of the numerous unit processes, evaluated to control pollution, to a degree, adsorption by GAC is one of the best available broad spectrum technologies. Scavenging of a precious metal such as Nickel, present in aqueous systems can be carried out with or without use of carrier such as 8-hydroxyquinoline (Oxine) and its derivatives on various grades of as received activated carbons. The carrier improves uptake of metal ions by GAC. The adsorption process agrees with the Langmuir and Freundlich models and also obeys pseudo-second order kinetics.

scholarly journals Utilization of Agricultural Waste in Treating Water Pollutants

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023
Author(s):  
N.R.A. El-Mouhty ◽  
H. M. H. Gad ◽  
A. Y. El-Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Water Pollutants ◽  
Date Pits

This study investigated the applicability of chemically (phosphoric acid) activated bagasse pith and date pits in the adsorption of water pollutants. The textural properties including porous parameters, monolayer equivalent surface area, total pore volumes, average pore radius, Methylene blue number and other physic-chemical characterization were investigated. The activated carbons were analyzed for moisture content, ash content. Ultimate analysis was done by using CHNS analyzer (Cairo University, Micro-analytical Center). To investigate the effect of phosphoric acid on the raw material, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermo gravimetric (DTG) recordings were determined. The adsorption of heavy metals as pollutants, including Co, Sr, Cu, Cs, Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Zn, was studied in a batch experiments. Comparison of date pits activated carbon with commercial activated carbon was done, and the results indicated that using of prepared activated carbon for removal of Co, Sr, Cu, Cs, Pb, Cd, Ni,  Fe, Zn was  more effective than commercial activated carbon.

scholarly journals Removal of amoxicillin from aqueous solution using sludge-based activated carbon modified by walnut shell and nano-titanium dioxide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Kang ◽  
Yali Liu ◽  
Can Yang ◽  
Han Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Nano Titanium Dioxide

Abstract Dewatered municipal sludge was used as raw material to prepare activated carbon (SAC), and the SAC was modified by walnut shell and nano-titanium dioxide (MSAC). The results showed that the MSAC had a higher specific surface area (SBET) (279.147 m2/g) and total pore volume (VT) (0.324 cm3/g) than the SAC. Simultaneously, the functional groups such as C-O, C = O, and Ti-O-Ti on the surface of MSAC were enhanced due to modification. These physicochemical properties provided prerequisites for the diffusion and degradation of pollutants in MSAC. Furthermore, the MSAC was applied to adsorb amoxicillin (AMX) from aqueous solution, in batch experiments, the maximum removal rate (88.19%) was observed at an initial AMX concentration of 30 mg/L, MSAC dosage of 5.0 g/L, pH of 8, contact time of 180 min, and temperature of 25 °C. In addition, the adsorption process was well described by the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that the adsorption of AMX onto MSAC was dominated by multilayer chemisorption. Also, the adsorption thermodynamics suggested that the adsorption process of AMX onto MSAC was endothermic, feasible and spontaneous.

Sorption Purification of Sewage from Aromatic Nitro Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
L.I. Mukhortova ◽  
Yu.T. Efimov ◽  
T.G. Konstantinovа ◽  
V.P. Endyuskin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Maximum Degree ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Nitro Compounds ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Sorption Purification ◽  
Aromatic Nitro ◽  
Degree Of Purification

The possibility of using activated carbons in wastewater treatment from aromatic nitrophenols and nitrosulfonic acids was investigated. The main parameters of the adsorption process that provide the maximum degree of purification are determined: the amount of activated carbon and the pH of mother solutions. The method of regeneration of the extracted activated carbon by treatment with sodium hydroxide solution was studied, the optimal conditions of extraction were determined.

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