scholarly journals Συμμετοχική και προσαρμοζόμενη διαχείριση

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Βασιλική Κλεφτογιάννη
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local People ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Primary Sector ◽  
Management Policies

The aim of this study was to examine the applicability of successful participatory and adaptive management in the protected area of Axios-Loudias-Aliakmonas estuaries, based on local people‟s perceptions in relation to protection, as well as on main elements considered to be critical for successful participatory processes. Participatory and adaptive management of protected areas includes involvement of stakeholders in decision making and the ability to adjust management policies to emerging needs, associated with complex and dynamic socio-natural systems. The area of the Axios-Loudias-Aliakmonas estuaries is protected under national, European and international environmental legislation. Simultaneously, the area is one of the most dynamic agro-ecosystems of Greece. Agriculture and fishing/mussel culture are well-developed activities of the primary sector of economy resulting in a number of environmental pressures on the protected area. Until recently, there was no substantial institutional protection of the area. The Common Ministerial Decision designating the area protected, pending for several years, was finally published in 2009. This delay was considered associated with reactions of the local people to potential restrictions imposed on their professional activities. The first part of this study attempts to record perceptions of the local population regarding important issues related with the protected area and explore how they are influenced by age and education of respondents, their economic dependence on it and distance of their residence from its borders. Using a questionnaire, the survey was conducted to a total sample of 822 respondents. The first part reveals a strong spatial variation in the views of local people, which requires special management policies. In general, a positive attitude towards protection was recorded, although there was a part of respondents that expressed negative attitude to protection, associated exclusively with economic interests. This study coincided with a pilot application of adaptive management in the area by the Managing Authority of Axios-Loudias-Aliakmonas estuaries. The Managing Authority applied an evaluating method of the main environmental threats to the area by a group of experts. Given the absence of stakeholders of the primary sector from this process, we decided to explore their views regarding threats by applying a similar approach. To this aim, ten focus groups were formed, seven representing agricultural cooperatives and three representing fishing cooperatives. The results of the second part show that stakeholders of the primary sector tend to underestimate specific threats related to their professional activities. However, most groups recognized the wetland‟s value; also, in a number of cases, their assessment of threats approached the experts‟ assessment. It appears that the conditions for implementing participatory and adaptive management in the region are generally favorable, provided the effective tackling of issues which incite conflict or impede management efforts. Important among them are the disparity between different regions and the association of professional activity and financial interests with the attitude to protection. Active and effective involvement of major stakeholders in early decision making stages, that is the process of participatory and adaptive management itself, can help in addressing these issues.

scholarly journals Decision making in specialist forensic psychiatric (the psychological aspect)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
E.V. Shmakova ◽  
E.M. Popova ◽  
E.S. Shekhovtsova ◽  
T.N. Kabanova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents the results of a study of psychological factors of decision making amongforensic psychiatric specialists. Given the survey data of10 medical psychologists and 10 psychiatrists carrying out compulsory treatment in the psychiatric hospital №5, Moscow Department of Public Health, in comparison with the control group, consisting of professionals working in the field of education, manufacturing, services and technology. Methodical complex included: 1. The Epstein questionnaire of the intuitive style (adaptation Kornilova T. V., Kornilov S. A.); A new questionnaire of tolerance/intolerance to uncertainty (Kornilova T. V.); Melbourne questionnaire of decision making (adaptation T. V.Kornilova); The questionnaire «Personal factors of decision making»(T.V. Kornilova); TheV. Smecalo and V. M. Kucher method; The Tsvetkova Method; 7. The questionnaire «Styles of thinking» by R. Bramsonand Harrison (adaptation of A. A. Alekseev); 8.The questionnaire «Scale of base convictions» (R.Yanov-Boulemane, adaptation M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikov); 9. The check-list aimed to identify the type of decisions taken by the expert in professional activity, their frequency, importance, subjective evaluation is necessary for decision making qualities and to evaluate the most significant opinions of other persons in the decision-making process. There were defined the characteristics of decision making depending on gender. The relationships between type of activity and frequency of occurrence of different types of decisions in professional activities of specialists were revealed. Analyzed the relationship between consideration of the views of others when making decisions and activity.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PERSONALITY AND DECISION-MAKING STYLE IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (45) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
A. V. Timakova ◽  
D. I. Fedorenko
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Uncertainty Intolerance ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Third year student, D. I. Fedorenko D. I. Relationship between psychological features of personality and decision-making style in professional activity / Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Ukraine Kyiv. The article reveals the content of the concept and theoretical approaches to the selection of decision-making styles in professional activities. The psychological features of the personality that determine the choice of a certain style of decision making are considered. The results of an empirical study of the relationship between psychological characteristics of personality and decision-making style in professional activities are highlighted.Key words: decision-making style, psychological features of personality, locus-control, internality, externality, tolerance to uncertainty, intolerance to uncertainty, vigilance, avoidance, hypervigilance, procrastination.

Analysis of the Development Situation and Forecasting of Development of Emergency Situations in Socio-Technical Systems

2017 ◽  
pp. 76-107
Author(s):  
Yuliya Sikirda ◽  
Tetiana Shmelova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Markov Network ◽  
Structural Hierarchy ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Technical Systems

In this chapter, socio-technical analysis of Air Navigation System (ANS) has hold in the result of which the heterogeneous factors of professional and non-professional activities influencing on the decision-making (DM) of ANS's human-operator (Н-О) in expected and unexpected aircraft's (АС) operating conditions have classified, systematically compiled and formalized. The method of generalization of heterogeneous factors, which allows taking into account the structural hierarchy, heterogeneity, dynamic instability of factors of professional and non-professional activity influencing on the ANS's H-O DM has developed, the conditions for their evaluation have determined. The vector of actions of the ANS's H-O in the expected and unexpected AC operating conditions, taking into account the model of the operator's behaviour, has considered. The authors have obtained the models of bipolar choice of operator of Socio-Technical System (STS) for using of reflexion theory and Markov network. They present the results of choosing in the direction of positive, negative pole, a mixed choice and forecasting of development of the situation. The authors demonstrate the methodology for analysis of flight situation development using GERT's and Markov's networks.

scholarly journals Environmental perceptions of students, farmers, and other economically active members of the local population near the protected area of Axios, Loudias and Aliakmonas estuaries, in Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-299
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Perceptions ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Primary Sector

This study concerns a protected area in northern Greece and examines how local people’s occupation influences their perception of environmental impacts and their views and information about the area. The target groups were local residents that (a) were employed in the primary sector, (b) were employed in other economic sectors, and (c) were students or high-school seniors. Use of pesticides and fertilizers and industrial waste disposal were identified as sources of environmental impacts by the large majority of the total sample (>80%). Much lower (30-62%) was the perception of impacts from the other, more local stress sources. Primary-sector respondents (mostly farmers) scored lower in their environmental perceptivity; nevertheless, they were highly aware that some of their practices have negative impacts on the environment. Students outperformed the other groups in having visited the local information centre and in having attended an environmental information/ awareness event about the protected area; despite this, they also had the highest proportions of ‘don’t-know’ answers. Small differences (even less than 5 km) in the distance of respondents’ residence from the protected area led to significant differences in environmental perceptivity. There is both a need for and interest from the local people to get better informed. As sufficient knowledge of the area and of the threats to its integrity is a requirement for the adoption and acceptance of measures aiming to moderate such threats, environmental information/ awareness events should be organized by the managing authorities. These should focus on issues specific to the area rather than of general environmental nature and target primarily people employed in the primary sector that live close to the protected area and students.

scholarly journals CONDITIONS AND SITUATIONS OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY — TYPES AND PERSPECTIVES OF CHANGES

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-100
Author(s):  
Galina N. Solntseva
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Definition Of

Relevance of the article is due to the need to predict changes in the characteristics of traditional and new occupations with regard to development of information technologies and automation tools. The aim of the work is to identify the main areas of optimization and support of professional activities in the conditions of informatization based on the forecast of changes in conditions and situations of activity. Methods — theoretical analysis and systematization of ideas about the determinants of activity and their integration. Results. Stability and variability of professional activities are considered within the framework of situational approach, focused on the integration of external conditions and internal variables as the determinant of activities. The study clarifies the concept of activity conditions as characteristics of the environment. The definition of situation is limited to the relation of subjective interpretation and assessment of external conditions to evaluating personal resources in accordance with the purpose and actual experience, the mechanism of which is associated with reflexive regulation of activities. In accordance with the nature of subjective assessment of conditions, the types of situations are divided into ordinary and extreme. The situation is usual (standard) for a subject if the methods of action are well-established and assessed adequately, regardless of the conditions, which can be even dangerous, extreme and emergency. Unusual situations are characterized by a combination of novelty of conditions, on the one hand, and limited experience and resource assessment, on the other hand. According to the characteristics of resources (functional systems and the content of experience) it is suggested to distinguish between situations of tension, characterized by the need to act at the limit of one’s opportunities but within one’s experience, and situations of uncertainty. There are a number of arguments for limiting the notion of “uncertainty” and the corresponding situations to the characteristics of the internal subjective sphere, the source of which are components of activity, not elements of the environment. In situations of uncertainty, it is suggested to distinguish between the situations of problem solving and decisions making, actions that differ in psychological mechanisms, and to consider risk situations as a subcategory of decision making. The systemization of situations formed the basis for the forecast of their changes for traditional and new occupations in the context of advanced information technology, as well as the definition of the directions of software support for action and ensuring the preparedness. Conclusions. The probability of extreme and emergency situations involving danger for people is unlikely to change. Dangerous situations in professional environments can start to be assessed as ordinary if one forms an adequate concept of conditions and one’s own resources (readiness) by using training systems, including virtual reality tools. Information security problems are being studied intensively, both in terms of theoretical analysis of information environment characteristics and in the development of software protection and minimization of danger. It seems possible to reduce the situations of extreme. Minimizing problem situations can be obtained by creating experience and reducing uncertainty. In decision-making and risk situations it can be obtained through software and technical support for the choice and automation of assessment operations. The possibilities of using software and technology to reduce tension will also be expanded through automation of cognitive and executive operations, alignment of their parameters with the subject’s mental capabilities, formation of skills allowing one to work in a wide range of situations.

scholarly journals ПРОАКТИВНЕ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ДОСВІДУ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПОВІТРЯНИМ РУХОМ НА СТАВЛЕННЯ ДО РИЗИКУ

2018 ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Олексій Миколайович Рева ◽  
Сергій Павлович Борсук ◽  
Бала Мушгюль-оґли Мірзоєв ◽  
Пейман Ширин-оґли Мухтаров
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
Behavior Strategies ◽  
Separation Standards

Considering the long negative influence of the human factor on flight safety, ICAO has been orienting the leadership and specialists of state aviation administrations and airlines to the proactive prevention of this phenomenon, demanding flight safety effective management "by indicators". These indicators in terms of professional activity of air traffic controllers (ATC) are defined: the relation to the risk (the main decision-makers and controversial estimates of SOP's violations), levels of claims, preferences systems, and dangerous behavior strategies, operational thinking and decision making that, in contrast to formally computational methods reflect the implementation of the methodology of psychological decision theory and cognitive psychology. The main decision-making dominants (inclination, disinclination, and indifference to risk) are revealed in the process of proactive decision by the controllers of closed decision-making tasks by constructing, with the help of special artificial lotteries and a limited number of points, the utility functions of the continuity of aircraft separation standards in the horizontal plane. For the separation standard S = 20 km, the proportion of students-controllers (n = 128 persons) of inclined (INC), indifferent (IND) and disinclined to risk (D) was detected: INC:IND: D ↔ 5: 18: 105 ↔ 3.9%: 14.1%: 82.0% ↔ 1: 3.6: 21, which indicates their desire to avoid failures in their professional activities. Therefore, the quantitative indicator of demonstrated risk aversion increases with the complication of the separation standard (reducing the distance between aircraft). For the separation level S = 10 km it is established: INC:IND: D ↔ 5: 8: 115 ↔ 3.9%: 6.3%: 89.8% ↔1: 3.6: 21. In professional controllers (n = 70 persons), for the separation standard S = 20 km, the ratio of persons with different dominance of decision-making was found: IND: INC ↔ 9: 25: 36 ↔ 12.9%: 35.7%: 51.4 % ↔1: 2.8 : 4, which indicates an overwhelming demonstration of their motivation to achieve success in the same working conditions. The motivation increases with the complexity of the separation standard: for S = 10 km it is established: D: IND: INC ↔ 4: 18: 48 ↔ 5.7%: 25.7%: 68.6% ↔ 1: 4.5: 12. It is recommended to apply the obtained results during the organization of the person-oriented training of young dispatchers aiming at developing stable skills for making rational risk decisions.

Reply: Protected areas and property rights in Thailand

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER VANDERGEEST
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Local People ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Buffer Zones

Dearden et al . (1998) have suggested that my arguments for backing away from zealously pursuing the expansion of protected areas in Thailand (Vandergeest 1996) means giving benefits to local people with no consideration for the wider community or future generations. Let me begin my response by reminding readers of my central argument: that the driving force behind the rapid expansion of wildlife sanctuaries and national parks in Thailand was primarily the forest department's need to find new ways of controlling territory and legitimizing budget allocations, rather than nature protection per se. This bureaucratic need was the outcome of widespread occupation of reserve forests, due to both reservation of occupied areas and new migration into demarcated reserved forests, as well as the 1989 ban on legal logging in Thailand. In its rush to convert reserve forest to protected area status, the forest department demarcated as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries many areas occupied and used by local people, producing a situation in which most protected areas in Thailand are surrounded or partially occupied by an alienated local population who feel that their legitimate property rights have been appropriated. The rapid expansion of protected areas in Thailand is thus hardly something that the international conservation community should be celebrating. Nor will ongoing problems with local people be fundamentally resolved through development projects, buffer zones, and participatory conservation alone, although these kinds of projects often have important benefits. I suggested that a more appropriate direction would be to degazette and allocate to households land clearly claimed and occupied by rural households, which I estimate to be about 20% of protected areas. I also suggested that some land gazetted as protected area could be managed as common property, and that conservation could be much more aggressively pursued outside of protected areas.

Analysis of the Development Situation and Forecasting of Development of Emergency Situations in Socio-Technical Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 827-851
Author(s):  
Yuliya Sikirda ◽  
Tetiana Shmelova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Markov Network ◽  
Structural Hierarchy ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Technical Systems

In this chapter, socio-technical analysis of Air Navigation System (ANS) has hold in the result of which the heterogeneous factors of professional and non-professional activities influencing on the decision-making (DM) of ANS's human-operator (Н-О) in expected and unexpected aircraft's (АС) operating conditions have classified, systematically compiled and formalized. The method of generalization of heterogeneous factors, which allows taking into account the structural hierarchy, heterogeneity, dynamic instability of factors of professional and non-professional activity influencing on the ANS's H-O DM has developed, the conditions for their evaluation have determined. The vector of actions of the ANS's H-O in the expected and unexpected AC operating conditions, taking into account the model of the operator's behaviour, has considered. The authors have obtained the models of bipolar choice of operator of Socio-Technical System (STS) for using of reflexion theory and Markov network. They present the results of choosing in the direction of positive, negative pole, a mixed choice and forecasting of development of the situation. The authors demonstrate the methodology for analysis of flight situation development using GERT's and Markov's networks.

Professional Activities of Teacher-Andragogue (Foreign Experience)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa Lukianova
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Technological Organization ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Role Position ◽  
Self Learning

Abstract The idea of the conceptualization of adult education has been postulated in the article including its significant differences. The leading distinguishing feature is the personality of pedagogical staff that works with adults. It has been substantiated the dependence of the functions which are performed by pedagogical staff in the adult education system, on the main characteristics of the society. It has been shown the content of the integral-role position of a pedagogue-andragogue which has 3 elements: subject and content, project and technological, organization and diagnostic. The professional activity of a pedagogue-andragogue has been analyzed as the specialist who professionally organizes and conducts adult training and learning, helps create individual programs of training. At the same time, in his/her activity he/she combines different social functions as well. The most typical are to provide the help in renovating the motivation towards learning and professional activity, to combine the content both andragogical and professional activity of his/her learners, to share the methods of supervising adult self-learning.

Application of the ergospirometry method for physiological evaluation of the effectiveness of personal protective equipment

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 753-755
Author(s):  
Andrey M. Geregey ◽  
Evgeny S. Shuporin ◽  
Ivan V. Fateev
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Physiological Assessment ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
Physiological Evaluation ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

Today, there are personal protective equipment, which due to their weight and size characteristics and design features can aggravate professional activity. This is characterized by an increase in the load on several major systems of the employee's body, including the cardiorespiratory system, which can cause the development of occupational pathology. The study of the functions of the cardiorespiratory system of humans in the process of his work is an important task in biomedical tests such as PPE, aggravating their professional activities and future means of individual protection from heavy labor and industrial exoskeletons. The aim of the study is to determine the possibility of using ergospirometry for the physiological assessment of personal protective equipment and industrial exoskeletons. Main part. In medical practice and high-performance sports, ergospirometry is considered the "gold standard" for functional assessment of the cardiorespiratory system. There are very few studies showing the use of ergospirometry for the purpose of physiological assessment of personal protective equipment. Results of research works in which ergospirometry was used in medicine, sports, as well as on the physiological and hygienic assessment of combat equipment, various types of personal protective equipment, including new promising personal protective equipment of the musculoskeletal system-industrial exoskeletons. The use of ergospirometry made it possible to register the main indicators of the human cardiorespiratory system both in field and laboratory conditions and allowed forming an objective conclusion about the dynamics of the degree of stress of the human cardiorespiratory system when using personal protective equipment and industrial exoskeletons with various weight and size characteristics. Thus, the use of ergospirometry both in isolation and in combination with other methods allows us to solve problems related to biomedical testing of personal protective equipment and industrial exoskeletons.

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