scholarly journals Equiprosodic translation method in Estonian poetry

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 447-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Kristiina Lotman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Artificial System ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Prosodic Structures ◽  
Estonian Language

Equimetrical translation of verse, which conveys the metre of the source text, should be distinguished from equiprosodic translation of verse, which conveys the versification system of the source text. Equiprosodic translation of verse can rely on the possibilities of natural language (for instance, when presumably Publius Baebius Italicus created the Ilias Latina, he made use of the quantitative structure in Latin), but it can also employ an artificial system (cf., for example, the quantitative verse in Church Slavonic or English). The Estonian language makes it possible to convey the syllabic (based on the number of syllables), accentual (based on the number and configuration of accents) and quantitative (based on the configuration of durations) versification systems. In practice, combined types are most frequent, for instance, the ones in which both the syllable count and the configuration of accents is relevant; in Estonian, versification systems with the participation of all three principles are possible as well. Despite the contrast of quantity in Estonian, the transmission of the quantitative structure of ancient metrics still involves a number of difficulties which result from differences in the prosodic structures. The transmission of purely syllabic versification system has also been problematic: it is hard to perceive such structure as verse in Estonian and therefore it has often been conveyed with the help of different syllabic-accentual or accentual-syllabic verse metres. Although equiprosodic translation is not necessarily equimetrical, in actual translation practice it usually is so.

scholarly journals A HYBRID TRANSLATION THEORY FOR EU TEXTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilelmini Sosoni
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Discourse Community ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Cultural And Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Textual Features ◽  
To Come ◽  
Neutral Ground

EU texts are produced by way of multilingual negotiation in a supranational multicultural discourse community, where there is no linguistically neutral ground and where the internationalisation of concepts and ideas is a sine qua non. As a result, they are idiosyncratic texts, reflecting specific textual features. Their translation in the current 23 official EU languages is equally idiosyncratic and challenging, to say the least, especially since it is shaped under the EU’s overwhelming cultural and linguistic diversity, the constraints of its policy of multilingualism, and the subsequent policy of linguistic equality which states that all languages are equal, or ‘equally authentic’ (Wagner, Bech, Martinez 2002, 7), and that translations are not really translations but language versions. In other words, in the framework of EU translation, the terms source text (ST) and target text (TT) cease to exist, while the prima facie illusory notion of ‘equivalence’ seems to resurface—though altered in nature—and dominate the translation practice. It thus goes without saying that in the case of EU texts and their translation a tailor-made theoretical framework is required where many classic concepts of Translation Studies (TS), such as ST, TT and equivalence need to be re-evaluated and redefined, and at the same time functionalist approaches and the postmodernist concepts of intertextuality, hybridity and in-betweenness need to come to the fore. The proposed translation theory for EU texts flaunts the feature inherent in their production, it is—just like them—hybrid.

A Cognitive Approach to the Metaphor Translation of Skin in the Game: Hidden Asymmetries in Daily Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
Wenhui Yang ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Baoyu Fu
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Cognitive Integration ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The World

Metaphors are ubiquitous as they are a way for people to understand the world, and are usually translated by the strategy of either domestication or foreignization. The translators conducted a translation practice of “Skin in the Game: Hidden Asymmetries in Daily Life” by applying a cognitive integration system to analyze the metaphorical devices of SKIN, GAME, SKIN IN THE GAME, and how their integration processes affected the translators’ decisions on the target versions in different contexts with various linguistic choices. The translating practice proves that, in different contexts, with different life experience and existed knowledge, the translators might present different degrees of autonomy and ways-of-seeing the world in the source text and linguistic preferences in the translation. Many selected linguistic choices applied in translation practice are intentional in nature and are a part of translators’ cognitive world, which are compositionally active with their knowledge background and extensional, referential and personal experiences. This finding provides an empirically-grounded analysis of cognitive integration in translation practice, attempting at bridging the gap between research in discouses analysis, conceptual structure, and language production in translation. 

scholarly journals UNIQUENESS IN TRANSLATING ARABIC HAGIOGRAPHY OF SHAIKH ‘ABD AL-QĀDIR AL-JAILĀNĪ: THE CASE OF AN-NŪR AL-BURHĀNĪ

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Abdul Munip
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
The Other ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
New Information ◽  
Communicative Translation

In Indonesia, the hagiographical book of Shaikh ʻAbd al-Qādir al-Jailānī has many versions of translation. One of it is an-Nūr al-burhānī, a Javanese translation by Kyai Muslih al-Marāqī. Unlike other Javanese translations, an-Nūr al-burhānī is not merely a translation but can be considered a new book, in which the translator added some new information and opinion in it. Therefore, the book is interesting to be investigated deeply to find scientific information about the content of the book, the technique, method, and ideology of translation that are adopted and applied by the translator. Using content analysis, the study finds that the book consists of al-Jailānī’s journey of life, his miracles and teachings. The other findings prove that the translator has implemented various techniques of translation such as calque, borrowing, description, amplification-addition, and adaptation techniques. The translator has tried to make the TT (Target Text) easy to be understood by Javanese people, but he tends to apply literal (linguistic transcodification) method rather than interpretative-communicative (translation of the sense) method. As a result, the TT is still influenced by the structure of Arabic as SL (Source Text) and not natural in everyday use of Javanese language. Thus, it can be inferred that the translator more dominantly adopts the ideology of foreignization than domestication. However, what the translator does is more advanced than the other Javanese translators, who usually use only the word for word or literal translation method. This is the uniqueness in translating al-Jailānī’s hagiography or manāqib.

scholarly journals Text Translation Method by Considering Information Distribution in the Form of Theme-Rheme Relation

LEKSIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Zulia Karini
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Information Distribution ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Children's Book ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ject Matter ◽  
In The Beginning

This study will analyze the translation of sentences in the text by giving consideration to the distribution of information presented in the form of Theme-Rheme relation. First we will identify Themes - Rheme in the sentences in the text and will analyze the results of the translation. The theme is information that is priori-tized in a sentence usually placed in the beginning of sentence, and Rheme is the proposed information. There are three types of Themes, namely Topical Theme, Interpersonal Theme, and Textual Theme. The object of discussion here is the Topical Themes, which are Themes relating to how the subject matter discussed in the clause or sentence is laid out. Topical themes are divided into two types: Marked Topical Theme and Un-marked Topical Theme. The analysis of Topical Themes are taken from a bilingual children's book entitled Sangkuriang from the publisher Nexx Media Inc., Bandung. Sangkuriang is one of the popular Indonesian folklore that tells of a very beautiful mother whose admirer is his own son. The text to be analyzed is part of the text that tells about the birth of Dayang Sumbi, the mother of Sangkuriang. From the result of the whole analysis, the source text consists of 10 Marked Topical Theme and Top 10 Unmarked Topical Theme. There are some Topical theme changes from the source text to the target text: a sentence with an Unmarked Topical Theme is translated into a sentence with a Marked Topical Theme, and vice versa. Based on the analysis of Topical Themes on the Source Text and Target Text it can be concluded that there are some sentences that have shifted Topical Themes. There have been some changes in information due to the shift in this Topical Theme, so it can be said that this translation is not good. At the end of the analysis is given an edit on the target text. The edit of this translation does not change the Topical Theme from the Source Text, so the sub-ject matter in each sentence of the Target text is the same as the subject matter in each sentence of the Source Text.

scholarly journals Strategi Penambahan dan Penghilangan Makna: Kasus Penerjemahan Teks Hukum Bisnis dari Bahasa Inggris ke bahasa Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Florence E Kotambunan
Keyword(s):  
Causal Model ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Business Law ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
Translation Error ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

<span>To show how important the equivalence of ST and TT in business law text is the main goal of this research. Besides that, the benefit of this research is to motivate a translator to become more critical and accurate in producing more quality translations. The results of research can be utilized as a benchmark to conduct further research in a similar study. The library research and field method are commonly administered in translation research. And the technique of analyzing data exerts comparative and causal model between the Source Text (ST) and the Target Text (TT). It is determined that the approach is pursuant to ST and TT both Nord Extra-textual and Intra-textual factors. In addition, the research scope is limited to addition and omission, the strategy of translating in word, phrase or term, clause, and sentence. The conformity of ST and TT to Grice’s maxim is also analyzed as the effect of employing strategy of translating, the addition and omission. These research findings, firstly verifies that extra-textual and intra-textual factors are mostly integrated in achieving equivalence of ST and TT. Secondly, it is also discovered that translation error of deviation, addition, and omission of meaning as the impact of translating strategy application, addition and omission. Thirdly, it is acquired that writing business law text in English is more conventional compared to Indonesian. In conclusion, the translation of business law text complies with faithful and conventional main criteria. Moreover, not only the mastery of other knowledge related but also good collaboration are required between concerned parties and determined the success of translation practice. Therefore, it is wished for these results and implications could be referred to proceed with comprehensive research in other legal texts. Hereafter, it is also advised that proofreading is performed more than twice to minimalize misinterpretation. </span>

scholarly journals Translation as Deconstruction: Infidelity in the Translation Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Dominador L. Pagliawan
Keyword(s):  
Actual Practice ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Practice

Over the years, translation practice has constantly faced numerous challenges and demands. Among these is the necessity for the translator to stay faithful to the source text in transporting meanings to the target language. In actual practice, though, fidelity in translation proves rather remote, even close to impossible. Try as they do, translators fail to achieve precision in their translation tasks. Yet the translation practice remains needful and relevant. Viewing this seeming failure from the deconstructive critical lens in an attempt to salvage translation, this paper theorized and found out that the latter is rightly a form of deconstruction rather than a product of infidelity. This shows in various translation procedures which, when subjected to closer scrutiny, eventually manifest their deconstructive nature. This study, then, contributes insights into the increasing corpus of theories that govern the translation process. 

scholarly journals Information Entropy in Translation: Psycholinguistic Aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-113
Author(s):  
Маргарита Дорофеєва ◽  
Тетяна Андрущенко
Keyword(s):  
Translation Method ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Informational Entropy ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Incorrect Choice ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Universal Nature ◽  
Contextual Meaning

The article deals with the category of informational entropy in the source text as a matter of translation psycholinguistics. The informational entropy of the lexical units on different levels in the source text refers to subjective factors that reduce the translation quality. Lexical units-carriers of the source text’s informational entropy cause informational deficits in the translator’s consciousness. The aim of the search is to consider the category of informational entropy from the standpoint of psycholinguistics and cognitive translation theory, identify the causes of informational entropy, establish linguistic and genre-stylistic markers of the lexical entropy units in the source text, identify ways to minimize entropy in the specialized translation. The research procedure involves a psycholinguistic experiment with the participation of 85 informants with semi-professional translation status. The participants produced a German-Ukrainian translation of a specialized text, in which the number of lexical units contained informational entropy as a percentage of the total words’ number was 17.9%. The results of the translation’s comparative analysis indicate similar psycholinguistic mechanisms for understanding lexical units with informational entropy, leading to false translation solutions in the target texts. Such mechanisms include an incorrect choice of the translation method and a lack of attention to the extralinguistic information in the source text. The conclusions of the psycholinguistic experiment confirm the universal nature of the informational entropy, resulting in translation quality degradation. The psycholinguistic factor for the false translation solutions is an automatic suppression the contextual meaning of the source text’s lexical item by its subject-logical meaning in the translator’s mind, realized in the incorrect choice of the translation method.

Translation and Classical Reception

Classics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Lianeri
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Classical Scholarship ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Literature And Philosophy ◽  
Classical Reception ◽  
Translation Practice

Translation has been central to engagement with the Greek and Roman worlds and their cultures ever since antiquity. The classic, as a concept that defines inseparably the canonical status of these cultures and the modes of reading them, has been mediated by the enterprise of translation. Roman literature and philosophy were not only shaped by translating Greek works, but constructed Greek culture as a classic through the medium of translation. Because of the importance of translations for the understanding and dissemination of Greek and Latin, interest in this field has preoccupied classical scholarship. Yet paradoxically, translation remained until recently under-theorized, restricted to an educational tool for those having no access to the originals. The development of classical reception studies in the 1990s marked a shift in the discipline by bringing translation into the heart of debates about the afterlife of classical antiquity. This new approach was grounded in discussions of translation advanced in the recently formed field of translation studies, but also in a long tradition of philosophical approaches, ranging from hermeneutics to poststructuralism, to a metaphorical concept of translation. Classical scholarship offered a distinct contribution to the above discussions by deploying, but also qualifying, concepts of translation elaborated in the above fields, such as the dismantling of the simple binary opposition between translation and source text, the sociopolitical role of translations, translators’ agency, and the ethics and politics of translation practice. So an increasing number of works illuminate and theorize the seminal role of translations in shaping both the “classical” image of antiquity and its repercussions in the different contexts of its reception. A key contribution of this debate to the wider discussion of translation has been an emphasis on the mutually constitutive relationship between translation and source text, which entails that each of them actively shapes the meaning and cultural identity of the other. This bibliography does not exhaust the multifarious history of modes and practices of translating Greek and Latin texts across time. Nor does it reflect on problems pertaining to the practice of translating. However, it includes tools for the study of translation practice in history (bibliographies, reference works, databases), which feature more extensive bibliographical information. The bibliography’s key focus is on concepts and frameworks deployed for debating translations as historically-specific works that interpret the classics in terms that are multiply intertwined with the ethical, aesthetic, social, and political debates of their time.

scholarly journals A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS ON THE INDONESIAN VERSION OF “DEAR GOD” BY AVENGED SEVENFOLD

JURNAL BASIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Nanda Yunisa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Translation Methods

The object of this research is the lyrics of the song Avenged Sevenfold Dear God Indonesian Version. This research discussed the translation method of the Indonesian version of the song of Dear God and aimed at finding out the translator's ideology in the translation of the Indonesian version of the song of Dear God in terms of the theory of domestication and foreignization. This study used qualitative approach with qualitative descriptive methods. The theories used in this study were theories from Newmark and Venuti, and also other theories to support this research. In this study, translators were found using the translation method which is oriented to the source text. In addition, the domestication technique looked dominant in the translation of the songs because according to Newmark (1988) this technique was the most free technique to do because it focused on the effectiveness of the target language by updating what has been provided in the source text. Thus, the translation of the Indonesian version of the song Dear God emphasizes the ideology of domestication. The result of this study indicated that translators tend to use translation methods that are oriented to the language of the target text. Additionally, it was found that the domestication technique appeared dominantly in the translation of the Indonesian version of Dear God song

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