ANALYSIS OF CROP ROTATION SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL COMPANIES OF TYUKALINSKY DISTRICT OF OMSK REGION ON THE LANDSCAPE AND ENVIRONMENTAL BASIS

Results of the three-year analysis of the organization of systems of crop rotations on a landscape and ecological basis in large-scale enterprises of Tyukalinsky district of the Omsk region are presented in article. In the territory of the agricultural organizations the assessment of ecological condition of lands on the basis of an assessment of the main components of a landscape was carried out: climatic, a relief, vegetation, soils, ground waters, the spreading breeds. It is established that in farms the following types of soils prevail: meadow, marsh, solonetzic soils, malt, meadow and chernozem solonetzic and chernozem and meadow solonetzic. Therefore, there are an average ecological intensity of lands in ООО “Atrachi” - 45.8%, ООО “Chistoe” - 58.9%, ООО “Agrokom” - 1%, and also strong manifestation of processes of remoistening and salinization is revealed (27%, 41,1% and 90% of the total area of an arable land in farms). Critical condition of arable lands is noted in ООО “Atrachi” (27.2%), at the moment they actually aren´t used and aren´t demanded. The analyzed agricultural organizations cultivate grain crops (24.7% - 41.0%), one-year (3.9%-21.4%) and long-term herbs (33.6% - 43.4%). In this regard two types of crop rotations are used: field and fodder. As a result of ecological justification of crop rotations, calculation of balance of a humus has shown that completion of its deficiency requires introduction of a certain amount of organic substances and implementation of replacement of a fallow land on sideralny with a zapakhivaniye of elevated mass of plants to the soil as additional organic fertilizers. After the carried-out analysis us it is recommended to include in crop rotations phytoameliorants, steady against salinization (the tributary white), to make replacement of long-term herbs on steady against remoistening of soils (a ribbon grass reed or a herd grass meadow). The use of correctly designed crop rotations, taking into account all complex of landscape and ecological conditions, will allow to stabilize negative natural and anthropogenous processes, to provide their big ecological stability.

Download Full-text

Crop rotations with clover and their productivity

Multifunctional adaptive feed production № 23 (71) ◽

10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-38-42 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ol'ga Gladysheva ◽

Oksana Artyuhova ◽

Vera Svirina

Keyword(s):

Forest Soil ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Gray Forest Soil ◽

Arable Land ◽

Perennial Grasses ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Field Crop ◽

Pure Steam ◽

Positive Effect

The results of long-term research in experiments with crop rotations with different clover saturation are presented. It is shown that the cluster has a positive effect on the main indicators of vegetation of dark-gray forest soil. The introduction of two fields of perennial grasses into the six-field crop rotation significantly increases both the humus reserves and increases the productivity of arable land by 1.5–2 times compared to the crop rotation with a field of pure steam.

Download Full-text

SPACIAL AND ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF LAND RESOURCES IN NORTH-EAST PART OF ZOLOCHIV DISTRICT UTC OF LVIV REGION

THE SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY ◽

10.25128/2519-4577.21.2.23 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 206-214

Author(s):

Miroslava Pytulyak ◽

Mykola Pytulyak ◽

Lesia Zastavetska ◽

Taras Zastavetskyi ◽

Natalya Taranova

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Development ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Arable Land ◽

Ecological Condition ◽

Forest Vegetation ◽

Anthropogenic Load ◽

Land Resources ◽

Agricultural Lands ◽

Ecological Stability

The article presents an ecological and geographical analysis of the current state of land resources. The structure of land resources in UTC (United Territorial Community) is dominated by lands of agricultural and forestry use. They occupy the largest areas - 67072.3 hectares, 40004.8 hectares and their share in the structure of the land fund is 57.8%, 34.4%, respectively. The structure of agricultural lands of the district is dominated by agricultural lands, namely arable land. Its area is 67072.3 hectares (97.3%) The largest area of agricultural land is concentrated within the central part of the district. The largest area in the structure of agricultural land is occupied by arable land - 2500 - 3570.8 hectares. In the eastern and south-eastern parts of the district the share of arable land in the structure of agricultural lands is the highest (more than 70%). The share of pastures and hayfields in the structure of agricultural lands is 18.2% and 16.8%, respectively. The smallest share in the structure of lands of perennial plantations (1.6%). The largest areas of hayfields and pastures in the northern and northeastern part of the district, which is due to the natural features of the territory. Peculiarities of forestry use of land resources on UTC area are analyzed. Lands covered with forest vegetation there are unevenly distributed and are mainly subordinated to Brody Forestry. The largest areas of forestry land in the northern and southern parts of the district. Forests in the northern part are located within Male Polissya. Here in the area there is the highest forest cover (45 - 67%). Forest cover in the southern part of the district is 45 - 67%. The structure of lands occupied by forest vegetation is dominated by forest areas (96.0%), including covered with forest crops (71.0%) On the basis of the defined indicators the analysis of ecological stability of lands in UTC is carried out, also the anthropogenic loading on agricultural lands of the area is defined. This figure depends on the area of land of different species. Using the method of Shyshchenko P. H. (1982) we have determined the anthropogenic load on the agricultural lands of the district. This figure depends on the area of the land of different species. Within the district there are spatial differences in this indicator. The greatest anthropogenic load on agricultural land is in the central part of the district. Here the anthropogenic load is more than 6.6 (strongly converted). In the north-western part of the district this indicator is the lowest: 5.2-5.3. On the territory of other village councils agricultural lands are moderately transformed (6.1 - 6.5) The results of the study of the ecological condition of the land resources of the district are presented. The level of plowing, agricultural development of the district is analyzed. The central and southern part of the district is characterized by an unbalanced structure of land use, as there is a fairly high rate of plowing of agricultural land. The share of arable land here is more than 70% of the total area of agricultural land. The average value of this indicator is around 57.7%. The highest agricultural development is in the central part of the district (except for Brody town territorial community), and in the southern part (more than 60%). The maximum indicators of agricultural development are - 86.8-91%. The ecological condition of the land resources of the district was assessed and five groups with different levels of this indicator were identified. The ecological condition of land resources varies from optimal to catastrophic, depending on the ratio of arable land (R) and the share of ecological and stabilizing lands (ESL). Optimal and satisfactory ecological condition of land resources in the region on the area of 40.6%, critical - 25.7%, crisis - 20.4%, catastrophic - 13.3% Land resources are one of the most important resources of the district. In modern conditions, productive agricultural lands should be involved in intensive agricultural cultivation, and the rest should remain in a natural state, which will ensure ecological sustainability and balanced nature management. Key words: land resources, agricultural lands, agricultural development, ecological condition, ecological stability.

Download Full-text

Major tendencies in livestock changes after the EU accession

Review on Agriculture and Rural Development ◽

10.14232/rard.2014.2.422-428 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 422-428

Author(s):

Levente Komarek

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Arable Land ◽

Animal Production ◽

Living Standards ◽

Production Costs ◽

Production Structure ◽

Industry Chain ◽

The Eu

In the mid 80s Hungarian agriculture belonged to the forefront of the world in many respects, despite the fact that there was a lot to do regarding yields, production costs, production structure, and the fastness of adaptability to markets and establishing accordance between the elements of the food industry chain. The mid 1980s witnessed an energetic improvement despite the unequal pace, and then followed an era of different tensions and imbalances in Hungarian agriculture. At the time of the regime change the agricultural sector, and particularly animal production within that, suffered from the signs of crisis and it was getting into an increasingly difficult position. The vast majority of the agricultural large scale farms ceased to exist, and most of the arable land was privatised. Production fell back, its composition became more heterogeneous, sometimes with an irrational production structure and selling difficulties arouse. Profitability decreased in the field of animal production generally, and some activities even had losses. The domestic consumption fallback, which was caused by the farmers’ lack of capital, the unorganised production, and the decrease in living standards, produced an amount of unsellable goods and it made the otherwise low profitability even worse. The low level of profitability resealed in unjustified production decline and led to the fact that the number of domestic animals in Hungary decreased to a never experienced depth. Today there are positive changes in the field of animal production, which might result in the long-term growth of our livestock. This study was designed to present the major tendencies and spatial characteristics of Hungarian livestock.

Download Full-text

Treatment Outcomes of Clopidogrel in Patients With ACS and Diabetes Undergoing PCI-analysis of Beijing Medicare Database

10.21203/rs.3.rs-49213/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Weihao Wang ◽

Xiaoxia Wang ◽

Lina Zhang ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Fuli Man ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Large Scale ◽

Coronary Intervention ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

One Year ◽

Medicare Database

Abstract Background There are several clinical trials that proved the efficacy of clopidogrel treatment for patients with percutaneous coronary intervention. There are few large-scale research to explore the mortality associated with different duration use of clopidogrel in patients with diabetes and ACS undergoing PCI in the Chinese population. Objectives The objective of this analysis was to determine the efficacy of long-term clopidogrel therapy(≥ 12 months) versus short-term use(< 12 months) in Chinese patients with diabetes after PCI. Methods Using the Beijing Medicare database provided by Beijing Medical Security Bureau. The Beijing Medicare database contains medical data of about 16 million people, including about 990,000 patients with diabetes and a history of taking antidiabetic medicines. Patients were divided into two groups, one group of 9,116 patients receiving consecutive clopidogrel for one year or more, and another group of 3290 patients receiving consecutive clopidogrel less than one year. The primary of this analysis was the risk of all-cause death, myocardial infarction and revascularization. Results In patients with diabetes after PCI, long-term clopidogrel treatment was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause death(HR, 0.57[95%CI, 0.49–0.67], P < 0.0001), myocardial infarction(HR, 0.79[95%CI, 0.68–0.93], P = 0.0035) and an increased risk of angina(HR, 1.18[95%CI, 1.10–1.27], P < 0.0001]) and revascularization(HR, 1.07[95%CI, 1.01–1.13], P = 0.02]). There was no significant difference in the incidence of all-cause re-hospitalization(P = 0.7529), diabetes-related re-hospitalization and cerebrovascular re-hospitalization. Conclusion The present study concluded that long-term dual anti-platelet therapy including clopidogrel and aspirin could decrease the risks of all-cause death, myocardial infarction. But it could increase the risks of angina and revascularization. Further studies should interpret the cause of this question.

Download Full-text

Large-scale tests to investigate MgO concrete with a long-term stable 3-1-8 phase in the Sondershausen and Teutschenthal mines

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-7897 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Aurich ◽

Daniela Freyer ◽

Matthias Gruner ◽

Wolfram Kudla

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Salt Mine ◽

Binding Reaction ◽

Scale Experiment ◽

One Year ◽

Mgo Concrete ◽

Large Scale Tests ◽

Sealing Elements ◽

Vertical Borehole

These abstract bases on the R & D project ELSA Phase II - Concept development for shaft seals and testing of sealing elements for HAW repositories, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Energy and Economic Affairs.The installation of sealing elements in salt rock requires a mechanical support system, which is chemical compatible with the host rock. In future HAW-repositories abutments and sealing elements within the shafts and drifts could be made of magnesia building material with the long term stable 3-1-8 binder phase, if solution containing magnesium can attack the seal.In 2014 a first large-scale experiment was performed in the Sondershausen salt mine in Germany. A vertical borehole with the depth of two meters and a diameter of 1.1 meter was filled with the magnesia-based concrete. Several sensors measured the development of temperature, comprehensive stress and expansion within the test construction for approximately one year. During the binding reaction the temperature increased by 55 K in the center. After 150 days, the expansion in axial direction reached 2.4 mm/m and 1.1 mm/m in radial direction.In 2018 a second large-scale-experiment was performed in the Teutschenthal salt mine, Germany to continue the investigations. A new vertical borehole with the depth of 3.5 meters and a diameter of 1.3 meters was filled with the same material. The temperature in the center increased by 40 K during the binding reaction and decreased down to the ambient temperature after 20 days. In result of the first experiences, the stress sensor range was increased. After one year a comprehensive stress of 6.2 MPa was measured at the contour and is still evolving at this point (early 2020). The maximum axial expansion reached 7.9 mm/m and stays at this level. The maximum radial expansion reached 0.7 mm/m 20 days after concreting and decreased subsequently. This material behavior corresponds to the high comprehensive stress level.The second experiment is equipped with a pressure chamber at the bottom. A first determination of the integral gas permeability revealed a value of approx. 3E-18 m&#178; to 3E-17 m&#178;. In the near term a multistage pressurization of the construction is planned, using a saturated NaCl solution to evaluate the sealing ability.This contribution reports on the measured parameters (temperature, stress, strain) of the two large-scale tests with long-term stable MgO-concrete and the composition requirements to obtain a long-term stable MgO concrete. Long-term stable MgO concrete with 3-1-8 phase has been used for the first time in these tests. The measured test-results are the foundation for modelling the behaviour of the MgO-concrete.

Download Full-text

Research of High Performance Artificial Reef for Breeding Abalone in Sea Water

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.302-303.398 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 302-303 ◽

pp. 398-404

Author(s):

Ming Tang ◽

Xiao Li ◽

Tao Wang

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Sea Water ◽

Artificial Reef ◽

Silicon Powder ◽

Ocean Current ◽

Concrete Technology ◽

Long Term Stability ◽

One Year

According to abalone’s growth characteristics, artificial abalone reefs are invented in this paper. The trace elements are added in concrete. The proportion is fixed by test. Ocean alga adheres to reefs with them very well. The craft, matching optimization, curing terms in the island environment and concrete long-term stability in the ocean current are studied to solve the durability of reefs in the marine environment. It shows the durability of fishing reef by high performance, high function, and ecological concrete technology is reliable. Its strength is still increasing for one year and no damage has been found. It is feasible to use the complex admixture, high-quality fly ash, ultrafine silicon powder, surface-soaking-into water-hating material made by our own, adhering-shaking-compact molding equipment made by ourselves and solar-energy-curing technology. Ten thousands of large-scale artificial abalone reefs have been done. A large amount of marine organisms covered the reefs only after 40 days using.

Download Full-text

Are Nano-Composite Coatings the Key for Photovoltaic Panel Self-Maintenance: An Experimental Evaluation

Energies ◽

10.3390/en11123448 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 3448 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Simone Pedrazzi ◽

Giulio Allesina ◽

Alberto Muscio

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Photovoltaic Panel ◽

Monitoring Campaign ◽

Economical Analysis ◽

Nano Coating ◽

One Year ◽

The Moment ◽

The Cost

This article shows the influence of an anti-fouling nano-coating on the electrical energy produced by a string of photovoltaic modules. The coating effect was evaluated comparing the energy produced by two strings of the same PV power plant: one of them was cleaned and the other was cleaned and treated with the coating before the monitoring campaign. The PV plant is located in Modena, north of Italy. A first monitoring campaign of nine days after the treatment shows that the treatment increases the energy production on the PV arrays by about 1.82%. Results indicate that the increase is higher during sunny days with respect to cloudy days. A second monitoring campaign of the same length, but five months later, shows that the energy gain decreases from 1.82% to 0.69% due to the aging of the coating, which is guaranteed for one year by the manufacturer. A technical-economical analysis demonstrates that at the moment the yearly economic gain is 0.43 € per square meter of panel and the cost of the treatment is about 1 € per square meter. However, large scale diffusion can reduce the production cost and thus increase the affordability of the coating.

Download Full-text

Development of a procedure to determine odour emissions from animal farming for regulatory purposes in Flanders

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2001.0541 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 44 (9) ◽

pp. 205-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

H. Van Langenhove ◽

G. De Bruyn

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Ventilation Rate ◽

External Parameter ◽

Animal Farming ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Odour Emissions ◽

One Year ◽

Fattening Pigs

The purpose of the project described in this paper was to develop a procedure to determine odour emissions at existing and new intensive animal farming houses. The procedure should be scientifically valid and preferably applicable on a large scale at reasonable costs. In this project odour emissions were measured during one year at the same farm. Measurements included 20 olfactometric sampling days and 50 sniffing measurements, all spread over one year. For each olfactometric sampling day, samples were taken in duplicate for the different pig categories. The olfactometric analysis resulted in the determination of odour emission factors for growing/fattening pigs, weaned piglets, dry sows and farrowing sows. The influence of external parameters (ventilation rate, inside temperature, outside temperature, pen dirtiness, number of pigs and their weight) was examined. Good correlation between the odour emission and an external parameter could only be found for the ventilation rate (r = 0.98) and outside temperature (r = 0.87). The sniffing measurements resulted in maximal odour perception distances and odour emissions calculated with short and long term dispersion models. No significant influence of the outside temperature (season) could be found here. The results of the olfactometric and sniffing measurements will be presented, including a combination of both techniques to determine the odour emission of an agricultural construction.

Download Full-text

Sustainable Development of a Peripheral Mountain Region on the State Border: Case Study of Moravské Kopanice Microregion (Moravia)

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11195540 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (19) ◽

pp. 5540 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antonín Vaishar ◽

Milada Šťastná

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Large Scale ◽

The Social ◽

Gaseous Waste ◽

The Moment ◽

Solid Liquid

The sustainability of rural areas is considered to be most threatened in peripheral, hardly accessible microregions with insufficient economical sources. The paper analyses one such rural area in the eastern part of Moravia from the viewpoint of individual economic, social, and environmental sustainability pillars. The area under study is the mountain territory on the border with Slovakia, which is under large-scale landscape protection. The area with very limited economic sources has been impacted with a change to the geopolitical situation after 1993 (from the centre of Czechoslovakia to the fringe of Czechia). It was stated that the environmental pillar is in the best of conditions; however, perhaps threatened with missing technical infrastructure in relation to the disposal of solid, liquid, and gaseous waste, the social pillar is improving in relation to the post-productive transition, whereas the economic pillar is the most fragile because of its dependence on exogenous jobs in surrounding towns. In general, the microregion seems to be sustainable at the moment. Long-term sustainability will depend on the general economic, demographic, and climatic development of the country and Europe.

Download Full-text

Long-term monitoring of an invasion process: the case of an isolated small wetland on a Mediterranean Island, second stage: toward a complete restoration

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-014-0400-x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bruno Foggi ◽

Renato Benesperi ◽

Daniele Viciani ◽

Michele Giunti ◽

Lorenzo Lastrucci

Keyword(s):

Invasion Process ◽

Second Stage ◽

Complete Restoration ◽

Mediterranean Island ◽

One Year ◽

The Moment ◽

Short Time ◽

Term Monitoring ◽

Small Wetland

AbstractIn the present article, the results of the first-stage of monitoring, following restoration works on a small Mediterranean wetland (Lake Stagnone, Capraia Island, Tuscan Archipelago), are reported. The recent spread of Typha and Phragmites in the lake changed diversity and composition of the plant communities. Nine years after their first monitoring (2009), a rarefaction of hydrophytes and small helophytes of conservation interest was detected. In 2010, the restoration started with the aim to remove (or at least reduce) the populations of the large, expansive helophytes. In 2012, the first post-actions monitoring were carried out using the same methods as previously, analysing the plant presence/absence and their cover value recorded in the same 15 plots selected in 2000 and 2009. The rise and fall of the populations of the various flora and vegetation types during this invasion process and the following restoration were statistically analysed. One year following the restoration, some recovery (replacement) had occurred of autochthonous hydrophytes and small helophytes. Many of these species are of conservation interest. Some aquatic plants, present on the site until the more or less recent past, were once more recorded. Given the rapid recovery of populations of many autochthonous species, the results are reasonably encouraging, rendering planned reintroductions unnecessary at the moment. On the other hand, because of the short time elapsed since restoration, the current community structure cannot in any way be considered an “equilibrium” one. Continued and regular monitoring is required to allow the reestablishment of the large expansive helophytes populations.

Download Full-text