scholarly journals On the complex substantiation of the typology of juvenile delinquents: criminological and psychological aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Anton Dushkin ◽  
Yuriy Suslov ◽  
Galina Shibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
A Minor

The article is devoted to the problem of juvenile delinquency, which is relevant in the context of discussing interdisciplinary issues of its prevention based on the analysis of the characteristics of the state of crime in the Russian Federation from 2018 to 2020. The article presents the content of psychological and legal categories that characterize the personality of a minor criminal and the mechanisms of the formation of criminal behavior. Special attention is paid to the description of the factors and conditions that contribute to the commission of crimes by minors, including repeated ones. On the example of specific classifications and typologies, the state of knowledge of the problem of studying the personality of a minor offender and a convicted person, as well as their psychological characteristics, is analyzed. The article describes the contribution of individual domestic and foreign scientists who proposed variants of classifications and typologies of juvenile delinquents. The study found that a significant number of classifications and typologies of juvenile offenders often take as the basis of its system of one or more characteristics, research which largely depends on the scientific interests of the authors. Based on the generalized scientific and empirical data on the psychological, criminological, socio-demographic characteristics of minors who have committed crimes, an attempt is made to typologize the designated group. As a result of the conducted research, priority areas of psychological and pedagogical work with minors in order to prevent crime were identified.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic profile of juvenile delinquent in Serbia

2020 ◽  
pp. 419-435
Author(s):  
Jovana Cikic ◽  
Ana Bilinovic-Rajacic ◽  
Milena Kojic
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Juvenile Offender ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Juvenile Delinquent ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Warning Effect

In this paper, there are analyzed data on socio-demographic characteristics of juvenile delinquents in Serbia. The evidence of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia have been used for this purpose. The reference period for the analysis is between 2005, after the adoption of the new Law on Juvenile Offenders (2005) and 2016. The analysis is based on two research questions: a) what the socio-demographic characteristics of juvenile delinquents are and b) whether the observed characteristics change within the analyzed period. Based on identified characteristics, the aim of the analysis is to point out the possible factors that shape the juvenile delinquency, its features and change in contemporary Serbian society. The analysis has shown: a) previously observed oscillating trend in total number of cases of juvenile delinquency, b) low ratio of juvenile delinquents in total number of offenders with the modest tendency of increase during the analyzed period and c) moderate changes towards diversity of offenses. According to the data, typical juvenile offender is male, with no formal elementary education and often a dropout. Among convicted, one third lives in single-parent families. Observed typical characteristics do not necessarily cause juvenile delinquency among youngsters but may have a warning effect, especially if they act simultaneously, superposing mutual impacts and generating new risks.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL LAW STATUS OF JUVENILE DELINQUENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Marina V. Shaykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
International Law ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
A Minor

The article examines the criminal procedure status of minors, its difference from the criminal procedure status of adult criminals, analyzes international legal standards of juvenile responsibility, substantiates the characteristics of a minor accused, which should affect the procedural order of criminal proceedings. The author pays special attention to the personality of the minor, as well as the psychological predisposition of juvenile offenders to dependence on psychoactive substances.

scholarly journals Improving the Activities of the Prosecutor’s Office for Preventing Crimes of Extremism Among Minors

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Pavel Fantrov ◽  
Mikhail Bobovkin ◽  
Stanislav Medentsov
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction: the problem of preventing extremism among minors, which has not lost its current relevance, deserves special attention. It is quite specific; it concerns the prospects of the future generation. Among other tasks that the Prosecutor’s Office faces, the prevention of juvenile delinquency, including of extremist orientation, is particularly important. Not only the state and trends of crime of extremism in the future, but also the moral climate in Russian society, largely depend on how this task is solved with the help of the prosecutor’s supervision. The purpose of the study: to identify and characterize the priority areas for improving the activities of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation in the context of preventing crimes of extremism among minors. The objectives of the study: to identify and describe the problems of the prosecutor’s supervision for the prevention of crimes of extremism among minors; to assess the coordination activities of the law enforcement agencies to combat youth extremism; to develop recommendations for improving the prosecutor’s supervision in the field of preventing crimes of extremism among minors. The methodological framework for the study is represented by a system of methods of scientific knowledge, which should include: the general scientific, systemic, institutional and comparative legal ones. Results: the main problems in the activities of the prosecutor’s office for the prevention of extremist juvenile delinquency are identified, which the authors of the paper refer to: formalism; the lack of an individual approach to preventive work; the problems of interdepartmental interaction. The authors point out the need to improve the legal regulation of the prosecutor’s status as a coordinator and one of the key subjects of the prevention of offenses of extremism. Conclusions: to increase the efficiency of the prosecutor’s supervision in the field of preventing crimes of extremism among minors, it is advisable: to introduce the innovative methods and technologies for influencing juvenile offenders involved in extremist activities (for example, mediation); to improve the mechanism of interaction of all subjects of the system of prevention of juvenile crimes; not formal, but thorough the supervision of the activities of the supervised subjects of prevention and others; to create the specialized units in the structure of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation and the Prosecutor’s offices of the subjects of the Russian Federation, which could combine all areas of the prosecutor’s supervision over compliance with the legislation on juvenile affairs, including countering extremist activities of minors; to improve the level of professional training and qualification of young employees of the prosecutor’s office, determining the efficiency of the prosecutor’s office, based on the indicators of the real restoration of the rights and freedoms of citizens.

Goal-setting of criminal law impact as a special activity of the state

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Duyunov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Schools ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Law Enforcement Officials ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The monograph continues the study of the phenomenon of criminal law as a purposeful special state activity carried out in the order of the state's reaction to criminal behavior and crime. Proceeding from the key value of goal-setting and the goals of activities in the field of combating crime, the author attempted an in-depth study of this problem through the prism of the goals of the state policy of combating crime, the goals of criminal law impact, an analysis of the debatable problem of punishment and the problem of goal-setting in the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. The monograph is intended for students, graduate students, researchers, teachers of law schools, law enforcement officials and all persons interested in the problems of criminal law.

scholarly journals SOCIOLOGICAL METHODS OF RESEARCH OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentyna Davidyvna Vodnik ◽  
Galina Pavlovna Klimova ◽  
Iryna Valeriivna Pidkurkova
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
A Minor

This paper discusses some General issues of organizing and conducting an empirical study of juvenile delinquency. Special attention is paid to the methodology of research of the problem related to the personality and career of a minor criminal. In particular, the authors consider the peculiarities of using sociological methods to find out the personal qualities of juvenile offenders and the reasons that led to their committing offenses and crimes.

scholarly journals Social Conditionality of Criminal Liability for a Crime Under Art. 226-1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-366
Author(s):  
Elena Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to theoretical justification for the introduction of criminal prohibitions on criminal assault in the illicit movement of goods, specified in article 226-1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation; the principles and bases of criminalization of smuggling in connection with her increased public danger. The analysis of the main components of social conditionality of criminal responsibility allows us to establish the validity of the introduction of new or existing criminal law norms. The article considers the public danger of smuggling (art. 226-1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), as an obligatory sign of a crime, revealing its social nature and social conditionality of the criminal liability under article 226-1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, depending on the extent and nature of public danger of the given kind of crimes. The social assessment of an act as a crime is based on its social danger, which is legally established in a normative legal act (Federal law) adopted in accordance with the established procedure and included in the criminal code of the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the fact that the public danger of smuggling is a threat to the foreign economic security of Russia. At the same time, there is a public danger of illegal movement across the customs border of the EEU (the customs border of the Customs Union within the framework of the EEU) of items specified in art. 226-1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is primarily concerned with causing harm to market economic relations developing in the EEU area, which forms a single customs territory, as well as causing material damage to the state in the form of unpaid customs payments, death or damage to particularly valuable wild animals and aquatic biological resources as contraband items. Smuggling as a negative social phenomenon includes the organization of activities related to violation of the customs and border regime. In the context of globalization and the development of market relations, smuggling is still the most common and most dangerous of customs crimes. Accordingly, the existence of a criminal law ban on its Commission remains socially conditioned, since it is a deterrent that allows the state to respond adequately to these types of criminal behavior.

scholarly journals Risk factors for aggressive behavior in juvenile offenders suffering from schizophrenic spectrum disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
D.S. Oshevsky ◽  
Yu.S. Afonina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
High Level ◽  
Psychological Risk

The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at identifying the risk factors for aggressive behavior in juvenile offenders suffering from schizophrenic spectrum disorders. A total of 72 male juveniles aged 15 to 17 years were examined. A set of methods for studying individual psychological characteristics was used, as well as a screening tool for assessing possible mental distress (MAYSI-2). Based on the findings, it is concluded that adolescents who have committed socially dangerous acts and suffer from disorders of the schizophrenic spectrum have a high level of proactive and reactive aggressiveness. Due to specific violations in the communicative sphere, mechanisms for containing aggressive motives are formed worse. Among the clinico-psychological risk factors of aggressive criminal behavior for them, the most significant is a violation of thinking, which leads to a misinterpretation of the social context.

scholarly journals Victimological characteristics of modern hooliganism (based on the materials of the Siberian federal district)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
A.L. Repetskaya ◽  
◽  
A.S. Rybakova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
A Minor

The article presents an analysis of the victimological aspects of hooliganism committed in the Siberian Federal District for the period from 2015-2020. Among the results of the study, there is a low level of victimization from hooliganism in the SFO, while the rate of decline in this level is higher than in the Russian Federation. The characteristic of the personality of the victim of hooliganism is given. It was revealed that a typical victim of hooliganism is a relatively young man who is not married, who is in a state of intoxication at the time of the crime. Its moral and psychological characteristics allow us to speak about such a dominant type of victimization as victimogenic deformation of the personality. Despite the fact that the vast majority of victims were not familiar with the criminal, every fourth had some kind of connection with him, the main share of which is friendly and neighborly. Among the types of contributing behavior in a situation of committing hooliganism, the imprudent behavior of the victim is distinguished, as a rule, giving a minor reason for the decision to commit a crime. The consequences of hooliganism for the victim are mainly associated with causing him moral harm, property harm was caused in every fifth case studied; physical harm is not widespread (6%). The main victimogenic factors determining victimization from hooliganism are analyzed. About the Authors

EXECUTION OF SOME TYPES OF ALTERNATIVES TO IMPRISONMENT WITH RESPECT TO JUVENAIL OFFENDER BY PENITENTIARY INSPECTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Людмила Владимировна Карханина
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Legislative Regulation ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Minor

В современных условиях расширяется практика применения судами наказаний, альтернативных лишению свободы, в отношении несовершеннолетних. Это объясняется гуманизацией уголовной политики Российской Федерации, что соответствует рекомендациям общепризнанных международных актов и стандартов в области обеспечения прав несовершеннолетних правонарушителей. Таким образом, возникает объективная необходимость в ограничении применения к несовершеннолетним реального лишения свободы. Это в свою очередь должно повлечь за собой существенное расширение мер, не связанных с изоляцией осужденного от общества. Уголовно-исполнительное законодательство Российской Федерации определяет, что большинство наказаний, альтернативных лишению свободы, исполняются уголовно-исполнительными инспекциями. В связи с этим автором предпринята попытка проанализировать некоторые проблемные вопросы, возникающие при исполнении отдельных видов наказаний, альтернативных лишению свободы, в отношении несовершеннолетних. В статье рассматриваются вопросы организации воспитательной работы с осужденными к лишению права заниматься определенной деятельностью, возможности расширения мер поощрения несовершеннолетних, осужденных к ограничению свободы, перспективы законодательного урегулирования ответственности осужденных за неявку в инспекцию для постановки на учет, а также отдельные аспекты законодательного регулирования злостного уклонения несовершеннолетнего от отбывания наказания. In modern conditions, the practice of applying punishments alternative to imprisonment for minorities is expanding. This is due to the humanization of the criminal policy of the Russian Federation, which is consistent with the recommendations of generally recognized international acts and standards in the field of ensuring the rights of juvenile offenders. Thus, there is an objective need in limiting the use of real deprivation of liberty to minors. This, in turn, should entail a significant expansion of measures not related to the isolation of the convict from society. The penal legislation of the Russian Federation determines that the majority of punishments, alternative to imprisonment, are executed by criminal-executive inspections. In this regard, the author has attempted to analyze some of the problematic issues that arise during the execution of certain types of punishment, alternative to imprisonment for minors. The article deals with the organization of educational work with those sentenced to deprivation of the right to engage in certain activities; the possibility of expanding incentives for minors sentenced to restriction of liberty; the prospects of legislative regulation of the responsibility of convicts for failure to appear in the inspection for registration; At the same time, certain aspects of the legislative regulation of the malicious evasion of a minor from serving a sentence are considered.

Features of the Procedure for Bringing Minors to Administrative Responsibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
N. E. Krasnova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Independent Basis ◽  
Administrative Punishment ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Real Increase ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Administrative Responsibility

The topic discussed in the article is extremely relevant, since today systematic work is being carried out to reduce the growth of offenses and crimes of minors, as well as to increase the effectiveness of prevention and prevention of offenses committed by minors. The problems arising from juvenile delinquency are of particular concern to both society and the state, and the problem of administrative responsibility of minors has also worsened. The reason for this lies in the reform of the country’s current legislation governing the policy of determining the boundaries of responsibility of minors, also plays a certain role and the real increase in offenses committed by minors. The aim of the work is to investigate the peculiarities of bringing minors to administrative responsibility. In the process of writing the work, the formal-logical method, the method of comparative analysis, as well as the technicallegal method were used. In the process of consideration of the above-mentioned topic, the author revealed the content of bringing minors to administrative responsibility, as well as the concept and conditions of bringing minors to administrative responsibility, investigated the age of a minor, determining his administrative and legal status, and also gave a characteristic of administrative responsibility applied to juvenile offenders. It was concluded that the expediency of administrative punishment arises when the persons recognized by the relevant authority guilty of committing an offense and guilty of committing an offense. The person and age enter thus as the independent basis of application of measures of administrative punishment.

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