Higher Education’s External Effects in Modern Russia’s Economy

10.12737/6726 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya ◽  
Басовский ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy

Manifested in the form of impact on a salary level the external effect of higher education dissemination has been investigated in this work. Econometric models are constructed with the use of Russia regions’ statistics. Manifestation of higher education distribution’s external effect in the form of general salary level increase and salary increase of persons who don´t have the higher education has been established. In the period 2000–2010 in the Russian economy the spread of higher education among the employed population by 14.9 % determined the salary level of persons who did not have higher education. The spread of higher education among the employed population in conjunction with the capital-labor ratio by 80.5% determined in the Russian economy the salary level of persons who did not have higher education.

Author(s):  
Леонид Басовский ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Елена Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya

The updated econometric estimates of the influence of new technologies and human capital on the contribution of new technological structures to the per capita GDP in the regions of the Central and North-Western federal districts of Russia are obtained. The article estimates coefficients of elasticity of the contribution of new ways to GDP per capita by the use of the new technologies estimated by capital-labor ratio of work by new fixed assets and by the use of the human capital estimated by a share of busy workers with the higher education. In case of big sizes of coefficients of elasticity of the contribution of new ways to GDP per capita on the use of the new technologies estimated by capital-labor ratio of labor by new fixed assets it is reasonable to increase the investments into fixed assets of the region. In case of big sizes of coefficients of elasticity of the contribution of new ways to GDP per capita on the use of the human capital estimated by a share of busy workers with the higher education it is reasonable to increase, first of all, a share of workers with the highest education.


2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOAN XUAN PHAM

It is shown, using a vintage model of education which is developed in this paper, that given the assumptions of the model, the optimal path of investment in education is to keep the level of investment per student constant and the optimal path of investment in physical capital is to keep the capital-labor ratio constant over time. The pressure to reduce current consumption caused by population ageing is partly mitigated by the fact that a younger population, in the current time, is relatively more efficient in producing utility than an older one, in the future.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Е. S. Novikova

The research paper covers the impact of higher education export on the competitiveness level of key world economies in terms of international division of labor and global value chains, including USA, Germany and China. At the same time, the comparison in the field of higher education export in Russia has been implemented. There have been revealed main factors in the attraction of foreign students in universities of analyzed countries: the economic factor (the profit from higher educational services for foreign citizens), the consumer factor (the profit from living costs of foreign citizens during the educational period), factor of additional labor force (the employment of foreign graduates in the international companies), factor of “soft power” (the loyal attitude to the country, where higher education has been received) and factor of innovation development (the participation of foreign citizens in the development and implementation of research ideas in startups). Additionally, indicators of selected countries were compared in terms of its competitiveness level, including the complexity of economies and its innovation development. The result of this research is identification of interaction between export of higher education and competitiveness level of a country: USA, Germany and China have high indicators in this field in comparison with Russia. Based on the results main directions of higher education export development have been described with a target of competitiveness level increase in the national economy globally.


2021 ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Зина Абдуловна Арсаханова

Под инвестициями в образование мы понимаем финансовые, имущественные, интеллектуальные и другие ресурсы, которые способствуют развитию образования и повышения ее конкурентоспособности, а следовательно, и конкурентоспособности нашего государства. Проанализировав Федеральный Закон «О Федеральном Бюджете» можно сделать вывод о том, что механизм инвестиционного обеспечения высшего образования в РФ пока развит слабо, что проявляется в фактически полной зависимости вузов от государственного финансирования, объемы которого очень ограниченны особенно в условиях пост-ковидного кризиса. В условиях снижения количества бюджетных средств в обеспечении деятельности высшего образования особую важность приобретает постоянное стимулирование частных инвестиций и поиск дополнительных источников финансирования. Средства отдельных юридических и физических лиц могут быть существенным дополнительным источником развития высших учебных заведений, одновременно влияя на хозяйственные операции в целом в виде повышения уровня  образования в стране и порождения других положительных экстернальных эффектов. Но при установленной фиксированной оплате за обучение для отдельных физических лиц в вузах качество, вариативность и инновационность образовательных услуг определяется не постоянными инвестиционными вливаниями, а имеющимся административным руководством, его стратегией и тактикой деятельности и особенностью функционирования данного заведения в целом. By investment in education, we mean financial, property, intellectual and other resources that contribute to the development of education and increase its competitiveness, and therefore the competitiveness of our state. Having analyzed the Federal Law "On the Federal Budget", we can conclude that the mechanism of investment support for higher education in the Russian Federation is still poorly developed, which is manifested in the virtually complete dependence of universities on state funding, the volume of which is very limited, especially in the conditions of the post-covid crisis. In the context of a decrease in the amount of budget funds in ensuring the activities of higher education, it is of particular importance to constantly stimulate private investment and search for additional sources of financing. The funds of individual legal entities and individuals can be a significant additional source of development of higher educational institutions, while simultaneously influencing economic operations in general in the form of increasing the level of education in the country and generating other positive external effects. But with a fixed tuition fee for individual individuals at universities, the quality, variability and innovation of educational services is determined not by constant investment injections, but by the existing administrative management, its strategy and tactics of activity and the specifics of the functioning of this institution as a whole.


Author(s):  
Mieczysław Adamowicz

Entrepreneurship at the university, may be recognised both in the group of teachers/researchers and among students. Students’ entrepreneurship is an important form of external effects of educational activity of the university. The aim of the paper is to define the predisposition of students of State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska for entrepreneurship activity during studying. Second aim is an assessment of the ability of the school to create the framework and conditions for academic entrepreneurship. Sources of information for research were subject literature, official documents and information from the school and own survey among students.Research results show that academic entrepreneurship is rather poor and reasons for that are on both sides – dissatisfied students’ attitudes to business activity and weak school support for these external effects of educational activity. Investigation proved that there are large areas for improvements. 


10.12737/1470 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Басовский ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya

One of the factors that determine the productivity of labor in modern Russia is employment in the private sector. Employment in the private sector significantly reduces the productivity and efficiency of the economy. This is confirmed by econometric models developed on the basis of the regional statistics for 2001–2011. The negative impact of employment in the private sector proves that the institution of private property is inadequate in this country. The greater the negative effect of the ownership factor, the lower the capital/ labor rate in the region. As a result an institutional trap has emerged. On the one hand, to reduce the negative impact of institution of property imperfectness it is necessary to raise the capital/labor ratio. On the other hand, investments, needed to raise the capital/labor ratio, are inefficient due to that same negative effect of institution of property imperfectness on the productivity of labor. As the econometric analysis reveals, an essential factor which has heavily (up to 70%) contributed to current imperfectness and inefficiency of the private property institution is the federal policy embodied in a set of Federal laws enacted in 2005–2011.


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya

Through econometric models construction the author evaluates the effects of capital-labor ratio and human capital, where the latter is characterized by the employees’ educational level, on profits of enterprises and organizations, operating in Russia. In 2009 the capital-labor ratio and the human capital, as estimated by the employees’ educational level, could be considered responsible for no less, than 39% of profitability of enterprises and organizations. For the most part this effect is due to the capital-labor ratio, while the lesser, though essential part of the said effect is due to the employees human capital. It is shown, that the elasticity of profit in terms of employees human capital exceeds manifold the profit elasticity in terms of capital-labor ratio, meaning that the effect of changes in human capital level on the labor productivity exceeds manifold that of changes in capital-labor ratio. Therefore, to enhance the human capital through better education of employees is more beneficial, than to increase investments in basic capital assets.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document