scholarly journals HEAT TREATMENT EFFECT ON THE CREEP OF INDUSTRIAL COPPER WIRE

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Gareh ◽  
Zakaria Boumerzoug
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Creep Test ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Dislocation Creep ◽  
Creep Life ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Sample Heat ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Rupture Mechanism

<p class="Default">Creep behavior of copper wire, produced by wiredrawing process in ENICAB Biskra, has been investigated by creep tests at 340°C under the stress 98,108 and 118 MPa. In this investigation, three samples have been tested: copper drawn wire non heat treated, and heat treated at 600°C and 700°C. Microstructure after the creep test was observed by optical microscopy to understand the rupture mechanism. We have found that the sample heat treated at 600 °C had a longer creep life. We have also deduced that the dislocation creep was the creep deformation mechanism of the drawn copper. SEM observations of fractured surfaces after creep tests of drawn copper wire non heat treated and  treated 10 min at 600 ° C under stress of 118 MPa.</p>

Creep Damage Evaluation of Fine-Grained HAZ in Mod. 9Cr Ferritic Heat-Resistant Steel Weldments

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yoneyama ◽  
K. Kubushiro ◽  
H. Yoshizawa
Keyword(s):  
Creep Damage ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Creep Life ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Boundary Density ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Type Iv Cracking ◽  
Rupture Mechanism

9Cr steel weldments are concerned with evaluation of creep life time and creep rupture mechanism. In fine grain HAZ (FG-HAZ) of weldments, TYPE IV cracking and creep voids occurred at lower stress than rupture stress level of base metal. In the crept specimen, FG-HAZ sometime has large coarsening grains near creep voids. These recovery phenomena are localized in FG-HAZ, and recovered microstructures are dependent on heat input of welding. In this study, creep tests are examined in two types of weldments, and relations between creep life time and coarsened sub-grains or grains have been studied by microstructural changing with EBSP analysis. In crept specimens, boundaries are moved and boundary density is decreasing in the fine-grained HAZ. Maximum grain size and creep life time have linear function, and EBSP can evaluate creep life time of 9Cr weldments. These microstructural changing are considered by morphology of precipitates in the several crept specimens.

Effect of Heat Treatment on the DC Conductivity and Activity Energy of Li2O-Fe2O3-P2O5 Glasses

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1827-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Yong Pan ◽  
Jiang Hong Gong
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Glasses ◽  
Sample Heat ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Maximum Conductivity ◽  
Iron Phosphate Glasses ◽  
Activity Energy

Iron phosphate glasses with composition of 20Li2O-32Fe2O3-48P2O5 (in mol%) was prepared by melting, crushing and heat-treating process and the electrical properties were examined. It was found that the sample heat-treated at a temperature close to the glass transition temperature exhibit the maximum conductivity and the lowest activation energy, implying that heat-treatment may play an important role in the electrical properties of the glasses.

Laser-controlled precipitation of gold nanoparticles in silicate glasses

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2097-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwei Jiang ◽  
Jianrong Qiu ◽  
Huidan Zeng ◽  
Congshan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Optical Switches ◽  
Sample Heat ◽  
Selective Precipitation ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Controlled Precipitation

We report on the observation of space-selective precipitation of gold nanoparticles in Au2O-doped silicate glass by a method of irradiation with an 800-nm femtosecond laser and further heat treatment. The irradiated region of the glass first became gray in color after irradiation with the femtosecond laser and then turned red after further heat treatment at around 520 °C, indicating that gold nanoparticles have precipitated in the irradiated region of the glass. A possible mechanism has been suggested that the Au+ ions in the region irradiated are reduced to Au0 atoms by the femtosecond laser, and then the Au0 atoms accumulate to form gold nanoparticles with the glass sample heat treated. The observed phenomenon should have potential applications in the fabrication of ultrafast all-optical switches.

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Creep Properties of Zr-1Nb-0.12O Nuclear Cladding Tubes

2015 ◽  
Vol 1102 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
In Won Kim ◽  
Sun Ig Hong
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Creep Life ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Creep Properties ◽  
Instantaneous Strain ◽  
Grain Size Control ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

Creep properties of one-step and two-step annealed Zr-1Nb-0.12O cladding tubes were studied. Creep tests were carried out at 450~500 °C with the applied stress between 80MPa and 120MPa The creep rates of the two-step annealed Zr-1Nb-0.12O alloy were found to be slower than those of the one-step annealed Zr-1Nb-0.12O alloy. The creep rate decreased with increase of grain size with annealing for Zr-1Nb-0.12O at intermediate temperatures, suggesting the creep resistance can be enhanced by the grain size control. The creep life of two-step annealed Zr-1Nb-0.12O increased over the one-step annealed Zr-1Nb-0.12O by the factor of 18~20 despite the greater initial instantaneous strain.

Microstructural and Creep Characterization of Sn-0.7Cu and Sn-0.7Cu-xBi Lead-free Solders for Low Cost Electronic Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakib Alsowidy ◽  
Ahmed M. Aljarbani ◽  
Mohammed S. Gumaan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Dislocation Creep ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Two Phases

Abstract The microstructural, creep resistance and electrical conductivity properties of Sn-0.7Cu eutectic alloy with Bi-additions in concentrations (0.3 and 0.5 wt.%) have been investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), creep testing machine and (DC) circuit respectively. The three samples were prepared from high purity (99.99%) elements Sn, Cu, and Bi using melting technique. XRD and SEM analysis showed that the eutectic Sn-0.7Cu alloy composed primarily of two phases; a body centered tetragonal 𝜷-Sn phase and monoclinic IMC Cu 6 Sn 5 , the additions of 0.3 and 0.5 wt.% Bi to the eutectic Sn-0.7Cu promote the formation of IMC Cu 6 Sn 5. The above motioned Bi additions have refined the 𝜷-Sn particle size. Creep tests showed that the creep strain rate increases and the creep lifetime (rupture time) decreases as the applied stress and temperature rises. Improvements in creep resistance solders have been achieved by increasing the Bi content up to 0.5 wt. %. The mean values of stress exponent and activation energy indicate that the dislocation creep is the dominate controlling mechanism. The electrical conductivity of the samples was calculated at room temperature, it has the highest value with 0.3 wt.% of Bi.

Wear Behavior of Plasma Processed LM6 Alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 978 ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Jagadish Parida ◽  
Subash Chandra Mishra ◽  
Suresh Chandra Pattnaik
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Sample Heat ◽  
Plasma Technique ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Set Up

In the current work, wear behavior of plasma processed LM6 alloy is investigated. LM6 alloy was prepared by plasma technique. The samples were aged at 350°C & 450°C for 2 hours followed by water quenching. A comparative study of the metallographic structure and properties viz. hardness, density and wear of the non-heat and heat treated alloy samples were carried out. A very fine lamellar structure is observed in case of 450°C heat treated samples than that of sample heat treated at 350°C and non-heat treated samples. Highest hardness value of 68.11 VHN is observed with the sample heat treated at 450°C. Density is found to be the lowest in non-heat treated samples and it increases with increasing heat treatment temperature. Wear experiments were carried on a pin-on-disc set up (of Ducom make), varying applied loads (between 10-40Newton and varying sliding speed (from 0.94 m. s-1 to 2. 83m.s-1). Maximum wear resistance is observed with the specimen heat treated at 450°C.

SYNTHESIS OF NANOSIZE SILICON CARBIDE POWDER BY CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION OF SiO2

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. DEHGHANZADEH ◽  
A. ATAIE ◽  
S. HESHMATI-MANESH
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Sample Heat ◽  
State Reduction ◽  
Heat Treated

A mixture of silicon carbide nano-particles and nano-whiskers has been synthesized through solid state reduction of silica by graphite employing high energy planetary ball milling for 25 h and subsequent heat treatment at 1300-1700°C in dynamic argon atmosphere. Effects of process conditions on the thermal behavior, phase composition and morphology of the samples were investigated using DTA/TGA, XRD and SEM, technique, respectively. DTA/TGA analysis shows that silicon carbide starts to form at ~ 1250°C. Analysis of the XRD patterns indicates that the phase composition of the sample heat treated at 1300°C for 2 h mainly consists of SiO 2 together with small amount of β- SiC . Nano-crystalline silicon carbide phase with a mean crystallite size of 38 nm was found to be dominate phase on heat treatment temperature at ~ 1500°C. Substantial SiO 2 was still remained in the above sample. SEM studies reveal that the sample heat treated at 1500°C for 2 h contains nano-particles and nano-whisker of β- SiC with a mean diameter of almost ~ 85 nm. The results obtained were also showed that the characteristics of the synthesized SiC particles strongly depend on the mechanical activation and heat treatment conditions.

Thermomechanical Ageing of Copper-Clad Aluminum Wires Submitted to Creep Test Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 922 ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Antoine Gueydan ◽  
Eric Hug ◽  
Bernadette Domengès
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Creep Test ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Operating Load ◽  
Initial Heat ◽  
Initial Heat Treatment

Creep tests were performed on copper-clad aluminum wires at 423 K and different stresses to cover potential operating load ranges in automotive industry. The lifetime of the wires is strongly dependent on the existence of an initial heat treatment and on the applied stress. It can be correlated with the formation of the three intermetallics Al2Cu, AlCu and Al4Cu9 identified by TEM diffraction. All results are discussed to understand mechanisms that could lead to the embrittlement of copper-clad aluminum wires by creep.

Effect of a Complex Heat Treatment on the Structure of 300M Steel

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
R. Padmanabhan ◽  
W. E. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Metal Carbides ◽  
Austenite Grain Size ◽  
300M Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Strain Fracture ◽  
Prior Austenite Grain Size ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Final Tempering ◽  
Similar Yield

Intermediate high temperature tempering prior to subsequent reaustenitization has been shown to double the plane strain fracture toughness as compared to conventionally heat treated UHSLA steels, at similar yield strength levels. The precipitation (during tempering) of metal carbides and their subsequent partial redissolution and refinement (during reaustenitization), in addition to the reduction in the prior austenite grain size during the cycling operation have all been suggested to contribute to the observed improvement in the mechanical properties. In this investigation, 300M steel was initially austenitized at 1143°K and then subjected to intermediate tempering at 923°K for 1 hr. before reaustenitizing at 1123°K for a short time and final tempering at 583°K. The changes in the microstructure responsible for the improvement in the properties have been studied and compared with conventionally heat treated steel. Fig. 1 shows interlath films of retained austenite produced during conventionally heat treatment.

“In vitro” and in Animal Model Studies on a Double Virus- Inactivated Factor VIII Concentrate

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (03) ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Arrighi ◽  
Roberta Rossi ◽  
Maria Giuseppina Borri ◽  
Vladimir Lesnikov ◽  
Marina Lesnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Virus Inactivation ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Heat Treated

SummaryTo improve the safety of plasma derived factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate, we introduced a final super heat treatment (100° C for 30 min) as additional virus inactivation step applied to a lyophilized, highly purified FVIII concentrate (100 IU/mg of proteins) already virus inactivated using the solvent/detergent (SID) method during the manufacturing process.The efficiency of the super heat treatment was demonstrated in inactivating two non-lipid enveloped viruses (Hepatitis A virus and Poliovirus 1). The loss of FVIII procoagulant activity during the super heat treatment was of about 15%, estimated both by clotting and chromogenic assays. No substantial changes were observed in physical, biochemical and immunological characteristics of the heat treated FVIII concentrate in comparison with those of the FVIII before heat treatment.

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