scholarly journals Characterization of Activated Charcoal Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensiss Jacq) Shell Waste using SEM and FTIR: Effect of Activation Temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Rasyid Syidiq ◽  
La Ode Yusran ◽  
Muhammad Anas ◽  
Suritno Fayanto
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Carbonation Process ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Shell Waste ◽  
Two Stages

This study aims to determine the structure of morphology and functional groups from activated charcoal for palm oil waste with variations in activation temperature. The process of two stages: the carbonation and activation stage. Carbonation process using a pyrolysis reactor at a carbonation temperature of 200oC -400oC for 6 hours. Then, the sample activated at a temperature of 700 °C, 750oC, 800oC, and 850 °C. Samples were characterization using SEM and FTIR. SEM analysis results show the largest pore size at a temperature of 850 oC with a diameter of 48.3 nm, and the lowest temperature was 700 °C with a capacity of 35.3 nm. Activated charcoal from oil palm shell waste at mesopore size. Next, FTIR analysis results show wave numbers 2165,18 cm-1, 1554 cm-1, 1030,76 cm-1 dan 424,11 cm-1.  The removal of some absorption bands and  the formation of new absorption bands, caused by the activation temperature

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of groundnut shell-based activated charcoal

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2139-2146
Author(s):  
L.O. Ajala ◽  
E.E. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Impregnation Time ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Impregnation Temperature ◽  
Groundnut Shell

Groundnut shell, an agricultural waste was used as a precursor for the preparation of activated charcoal using zinc chloride as a chemical activating agent. The results of the optimization studies showed that the activated charcoal had best iodine adsorption capacity at 1.0 mol dm-3 activator’s concentration, 2:1 impregnation ratio, 70 ℃ impregnation temperature, 12 hr impregnation time, 500 ℃ activation temperature, and 2hr activationtime. The surface chemistry of the adsorbent was studied by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The activated charcoal was found to contain porous structures with adsorption capacities significantly correlated with iodine value, porosity, and surface area. The surface morphology of the activated charcoal was altered as compared with the un-activated product, signifying that the adsorbent had been chemically modified. The disappearance of some functional groups and shift in some absorption bands were further indication that surface structural modification took place during activation and carbonization.This research has revealed that groundnut shell could be employed for the production of an alternative adsorbent which can be utilize for filtration and detoxification of impure water, treatment of effluent and wastewater, adsorption of pesticides, heavy metals and dyes from aqueous media.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Oil Palm Shell Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sahari ◽  
M. A. Maleque
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

The mechanical properties of oil palm shell (OPS) composites were investigated with different volume fraction of OPS such as 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% using unsaturated polyester (UPE) as a matrix. The results presented that the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the UPE/OPS composites increased as the OPS loading increased. The highest tensile modulus of UPE/OPS was obtained at 30 vol% of OPS with the value of 8.50 GPa. The tensile strength of the composites was 1.15, 1.17, and 1.18 times higher than the pure UPE matrix for 10, 20, and 30 vol% of OPS, respectively. The FTIR spectra showed the change of functional group of composites with different volume fractions of OPS. SEM analysis shows the filler pull-out present in the composites which proved the poor filler-matrix interfacial bonding.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of oil palm shell activated carbon by alkali chemical activation method

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyuningsih ◽  
Zainal Abidin ◽  
Mohamad Endy Yulianto ◽  
Indah Hartati ◽  
Eflita Yohana
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Activation Method ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Oil-palm Shell for Carboxylic Acid Adsorption

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 753-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hector Ruiz ◽  
Monica Zambtrano ◽  
Liliana Giraldo ◽  
Rocio Sierra ◽  
Juan Moreno-Pirajan
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Characterization Of Activated Carbon

scholarly journals Analisis Variasi Temperatur Aktivasi terhadap Gugus Fungsi Arang Aktif Tandan Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr.) dengan Agen Aktivasi Potassium Silicate (K2SiO3)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Nandini Nur Hijrah ◽  
Muhammad Anas ◽  
Erniwati Erniwati
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Preparation Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Palm Bunch

This study aims to determine the effect of variations of the sugar palm activation temperature on the functional groups of activated charcoal from palm bunch (Arengga Pinnata Merr) with potassium silicate (K2SiO3) activation agent. The process of making an chemically activated charcoal is divided into three stages, firstly the preparation stage of preparing the palm bunches into cutting, washing and drying, secondly carbonitation stage at a temperature of 300oC – 400oC about ± 8 hours and the chemical activation stage. Potassium silicate K2SiO3 is a new activation agent that is used to activate an activated charcoal by using 2 : 1 ratio (K2SiO3: activated palm bunches) for 12 hours and an activation temperature of 600oC, 650oC, 700oC, 750oC, and 800oC for 30 minutes. Characterization of activated charcoal from palm bunches was tested by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The FTIR spectrum shows that the activated charcoal produced has an absorption pattern with the types of bonds are C≡C (Alkuna), C=C (Aromatic Rings), C-H (Alkanes), Si-O and C-H (Alkanes). The Information was obtained that a good activation temperature for activated charcoal of palm  bunches was seen at temperatures of 650oC, 700oC and 750oC with the largest IR absorption was seen at temperatures of 700 oC.

scholarly journals Characterization of activated charcoal microstructure porosity of cashewnut shell (Anacardium occidentale L.)

Jurnal Galam ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Dewi Alimah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Transverse Cross Section ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) shell is abundantly available as waste from chasew nut processing industries. Cashew nut shell is potentially used for activated charcoal. This paper characterize the porosity microstructure of activated charcoal made from cashew nut shells which is physically activated at various activation temperatures. Initially, cashew nut shells were collected and carbonized at 500°C for 3 hours. Then, the charcoal was activated at 800°C and 1000°C for 60 minutes. The characterization of microstructure porosity of cashew nut shell activated charcoal at transverse cross-section was carried out at 500 times magnification of 10 kV Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) using a grain-shaped test sample. Observation of the porosity formed on the sample surface included pore size and frequency. Observation data were arranged in tabulated form and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the frequency of pores in charcoal activated at 1000°C tended to be higher than that of charcoal activated at 800°C. The higher activation temperature increased the pore diameter of the charcoal and decreased the clogging residue. Keywords: mesoporous, pyrolysis, hydrocarbon

Synthesis and Characterization of Composite of Al2O3/ Activated Carbon by Hydrothermal Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 298-303
Author(s):  
Allwar ◽  
Meidita Kemala Sari ◽  
Feby Rahmawati ◽  
Afra Najiyah Amatullah
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Shell Waste ◽  
Phase Characterization

Composite of Al2O3/activated carbon (Al2O3/AC) has been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. It was synthesized from activated carbon from oil palm shell waste by mixing with Al2O3 powder in ethanol. The mixer was placed in a hydrothermal reactor and heated up to 250°C for 3 hours. Comparison study of surface area between activated carbon and composite of Al2O3/AC indicate that surface area decreased from 67.6 to 65.3 m2/g. However, XRD analysis shows that there was a slight different hkl phase. Characterization using FTIR showed that the composite have more oxygen functional groups compared with activated carbon. SEM-EDX of composite of Al2O3/AC showed an increasing of crystalline structure on the surface.

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