Experiences of Custody Evaluation: Perspectives of Young Adults Who Were the Subject of Family Court Proceedings as Children

Court systems have a unique and powerful impact on the lives of persons who enter into them. In recognition of some of the deleterious effects of traditional court models, scholars and practitioners advocate for alternative court processes, especially through the implementation of specialty courts. Family court is a type of specialized court, which handles legal disputes among family members. The stated mission of family courts reflects notions of therapeutic jurisprudence; however, scarce research examines if therapeutic jurisprudence is actually practiced in family court settings. Using 12 months of observational data of over 100 hearings, the present study assesses the extent to which principles of therapeutic jurisprudence are apparent in court proceedings. I find that although therapeutically just interactions are common in family court, some encounters remain antitherapeutic or damaging. The implication of family court’s current operation within the broader “justice” system is discussed.

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Investigations using digital technology

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202021706015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 217 ◽

pp. 06015

Author(s):

N.G. Shuruhnov ◽

I.V. Voevodina ◽

S.V. Stroilov ◽

E.A. Maslennikova

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Digital Technology ◽

Case Law ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Successful Completion ◽

Important Goal ◽

Law Enforcement Agencies ◽

Criminal Procedure Law ◽

The Subject ◽

Court Proceedings

Despite the fact that activities of authorized persons in during urgent investigative actions are episodic, the absence of responsibility for successful completion of investigation is unacceptable. In this case, law enforcement agencies are fulfilling a single socially important goal, and this should be realized by the relevant officials. Regarding the dynamics of accumulation of information during the investigation of a crime, it should be noted that during urgent investigative actions, an initial array of evidentiary information is formed, which is the result of transformation of initial background knowledge of relevant official regarding what happened under the influence of information obtained by investigative and operational means. The Criminal Procedure Law contains requirements both for the mechanical accumulation of a certain amount of evidence highlighting certain circumstances included in the subject of proof, and for their compliance with strictly established requirements. We are talking about the reliability, sufficiency, relevance and admissibility of evidence, which actually determine the possibility of ultimately using this information in deciding whether a person is guilty or innocent of committing a crime. The required amount of evidence that meets the requirements of reliability and sufficiency ensures the reliability of the evidence base in a criminal case. The evidence obtained should be assessed in the aggregate on the basis of the inner conviction of the person carrying out urgent investigative actions. Their use in the production of further investigation, in the course of court proceedings, depends on how procedurally correct evidence will be collected by the bodies of inquiry during the production of urgent investigative actions.

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IN VIA VERITAS. IRINA BOGATYREVA

Voprosy literatury ◽

10.31425/0042-8795-2018-2-54-65 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 54-65

Author(s):

M. Lebedeva

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Young Adult ◽

Emerging Adulthood ◽

Common Ground ◽

Growing Up ◽

Adult Readers ◽

Keen Interest ◽

Russian Author ◽

The Subject ◽

Psychological Studies

In this review of the novels and stories by the contemporary Russian author I. Bogatyreva, winner of numerous literary awards, including The Student Booker 2016, the critic highlights the principal motifs of her plots, including the motif of travel, pilgrimage, and the search of a certain human common ground: be it age, philosophy, or nationality. The paper also examines the chronotope and the writer’s use of mythological allusions, which permeate both her historical and modern day-based novels, only to conclude that ‘emerging adulthood’, a term from the psychological studies of young adults, is the most apt way to describe Bogatyreva’s prose. That the writer maintains keen interest in the subject is not only because of her role as ‘a real master of innovation in young Russian prose’ (quoted from the blurb on the cover of her prize-winning novel Kadyn), but due to its relevance for contemporary young adult readers, themselves in search of their models growing up and their future destiny.

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Child removal as the gateway to further adversity: Birth mother accounts of the immediate and enduring collateral consequences of child removal

Qualitative Social Work ◽

10.1177/1473325019893412 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 15-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Karen Broadhurst ◽

Claire Mason

Keyword(s):

Child Protection ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Theoretical Work ◽

Family Court ◽

Birth Mothers ◽

Collateral Consequences ◽

Family Courts ◽

Protective Resources ◽

Court Proceedings ◽

Psychosocial Crisis

This article is focused on the immediate and enduring consequences of child removal, from the perspective of birth mothers. The article builds on the authors’ previous theoretical work on the collateral consequences of child removal and women’s vulnerability to repeat family court appearances. Interview data drawn from in-depth qualitative interviews with 72 birth mothers conducted in seven local authority areas are revisited to enable a focused analysis of the immediate and longer-term effects of child removal. Analysis was informed by phenomenology’s interest in collective accounts of experience and the pursuit of moderate generalisations. All the women participating in the study had experienced the repeat removal of their children through the family courts, or were involved in child protection proceedings concerning an unborn child, having previously lost a child from their care. Birth mothers recounted an immediate psychosocial crisis following child removal, but also the cumulative and enduring nature of problems. From women’s accounts, we have been able to deepen our understanding of the enormity of the recovery challenge for women with long-standing histories of disadvantage who hold fragile and restricted social statuses. Role loss and further exclusionary consequences of child removal were particularly pronounced, given women’s limited access to protective resources. A clear set of recommendations for services are set out in a final discussion. The scale of the difficulties women face needs to be recognised in services that aim to promote recovery, if women are to be helped to avoid recurrent family court proceedings.

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Does Mind-Wandering Relate to Mood and Stress in Young Adults? A Narrative Review

Spectrum ◽

10.29173/spectrum103 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gladys Sina ◽

Vickie Plourde

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Mind Wandering ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Current Review ◽

Independent Screening ◽

The Subject ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Mind-wandering (MW) is ubiquitous and has been extensively studied in young adults. Studies have shown that MW, daydreaming, and sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms (SCT; e.g., staring, mental fogginess, confusion, hypoactivity, sluggishness, lethargy, and drowsiness) are interrelated constructs and all relate to mood and stress-related symptoms. The aims of the current review are to a) document the associations between MW (and related constructs: daydreaming, and SCT) and mood/stress-related symptoms (e.g., anxiety and depression symptoms) in young adults and b) identify potential mechanisms underlying these relationships. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on the subject. We searched MEDLINE (Ovid) and PsycINFO® (Ovid) databases and performed duplicate and independent screening. A total of 559 unique records were identified, and 22 records (published between 1978 and 2017) were included. We confirmed existing evidence of the associations between MW, daydreaming, SCT and mood/stress-related symptoms in young adults (aged 18 - 30 years). Although these associations are reported, our understanding of its directionality and underlying mechanisms remains incomplete. These findings highlight the need for further research combining experimental and correlational designs and including possible mechanisms of these associations in this population.

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Maternal health, pregnancy and birth outcomes for women involved in care proceedings in Wales: a linked data study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-020-03370-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

L. J. Griffiths ◽

R. D. Johnson ◽

K. Broadhurst ◽

S. Bedston ◽

L. Cusworth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Health ◽

Birth Outcomes ◽

Linked Data ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Family Court ◽

Maternity Services ◽

Pregnancy And Birth Outcomes ◽

Court Proceedings ◽

Pregnancy And Birth

Abstract Background Under the Children Act 1989, local authorities in Wales, UK, can issue care proceedings if they are concerned about the welfare of a child, which can lead to removal of a child from parents. For mothers at risk of child removal, timely intervention during pregnancy may avert the need for this and improve maternal/fetal health; however, little is known about this specific population during the antenatal period. The study examined maternity characteristics of mothers whose infants were subject to care proceedings, with the aim of informing preventative interventions targeted at high risk mothers. Methods Anonymised administrative data from Cafcass Cymru, who provide child-focused advice and support for family court proceedings in Wales, were linked to population-based maternity and health records held within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank. Linked data were available for 1111 birth mothers of infants involved in care proceedings between 2015 and 2018. Findings were benchmarked with reference to an age-deprivation-matched comparison group (n = 23,414), not subject to care proceedings but accessing maternity services during this period. Demographic characteristics, maternal health, reproductive history, interaction with midwifery services, and pregnancy and birth outcomes were examined. Descriptive and statistical tests of independence were used. Results Half of the women in the cohort (49.4%) resided in the most deprived areas. They were more likely to be younger at entry to motherhood (63.5% < 21 years-of-age compared to 42.7% in the comparison group), to have mental health (28.6% compared to 8.2%) and substance use issues (10.4% compared to 0.6%) and to smoke (62.7% compared to 24.8%) during pregnancy. The majority first engaged with maternity services within their first trimester of pregnancy (63.5% compared to 84.4%). Babies were more likely to be born preterm (14.2% compared to 6.7%) and, for full-term babies, to have low birthweights (8.0% compared to 2.8%). Conclusion This novel linkage study highlights multiple vulnerabilities experienced by pregnant mothers who have experienced care proceedings concerning an infant. Policy and practice colleagues require a clearer picture of women’s needs if child protection and health services are to offer effective services which prevent the need for family court proceedings and infant removal.

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The Class Action in Lithuania and Poland: History, Experiences and Lessons

Review of Central and East European Law ◽

10.1163/15730352-bja10048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 234-264

Author(s):

Vytautas Nekrošius ◽

Kinga Flaga-Gieruszyńska

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Case Law ◽

Class Action ◽

Special Focus ◽

Current Regulation ◽

Civil Proceedings ◽

The Subject ◽

Court Proceedings ◽

Limited Scope

Abstract The article analyses the peculiarities of the regulation of Class Action institution in the civil proceedings of Lithuania and Poland. Due to its limited scope, this article investigates the civil proceedings in the first instance courts only. The authors draw a special focus on the comparative analysis and the analysis of the effectiveness of the procedure in the current regulation by investigating both the doctrine and the available limited case law. The subject of considerations are problems relating both to the admissibility of filing a class action, as well as the course of court proceedings in cases concerning group proceedings, with particular emphasis on their differences from other procedural structures in Poland and Lithuania.

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Tuberculosis Among Children And Adults

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.10.3.376a ◽

1952 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 376-376

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Infants And Children ◽

Tuberculosis Control ◽

Children And Young Adults ◽

The Subject ◽

In Infants And Children

This book is a monumental addition to the literature on the problem of tuberculosis. It is well written in the author's clearcut orderly style. He tells the whole story of tuberculosis, especially in infants and children and young adults. The book is divided in 4 parts: 1. Tuberculosis in Infancy; 2. Tuberculosis in Childhood; 3. Tuberculosis Among Young Adults; 4. Recent Progress in Tuberculosis Control with special articles on the Surgical Treatment of Tuberculosis by Authorities on the Subject.

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Capacity to Contract

A Casebook on the Roman Law of Contracts ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197573211.003.0002 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 27-38

Author(s):

Bruce W. Frier

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Subject Matter ◽

Contract Law ◽

Limited Capacity ◽

The Subject ◽

The Law

This brief chapter gives an overview of the diminished contractual capacity of some Romans: children, the insane, young adults, and women. The law is intended to protect them, but also those with whom they make contracts, some of whom may be unaware of their partners’ limited capacity. The role of guardians in authorizing transactions is emphasized. The material in this chapter is introductory, for students who have not previously studied the law of status; this law has important effects on the overall structure of Roman contract law. The subject matter is partially taken up again in Part A of Chapter VII, where the ability to acquire rights and duties through one’s dependents is examined.

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