scholarly journals Place and Possibilities of the Robotic System Lokomat in the Rehabilitation of Patients After Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Medvedev I. N.
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Post Stroke

Ischemic stroke is still a very common disease with quite serious consequences. Modern medicine considers in this regard its main task in the curation of such patients, the maximum possible restoration of the functions of the affected brain and the volume of its control over the body. Due to the rapid development of medicine associated with the emergence of innovative technologies in the field of rehabilitation, hardware methods of rehabilitation today have gone far ahead and have in their arsenal a lot of high-tech tools. For this purpose, a search is being made for means of increasing the activity of brain cells located in the affected area. Of particular importance in this regard are the methods of rehabilitation in the early recovery period after ischemic stroke using robotic methods of mechanotherapy, one of which is the use of the Lokomat system. Among them, a prominent place is occupied by the walking training system - Lokomat, consisting of robotic orthoses and a body support device, which are combined with a treadmill. Information about the successful use of Lokomat during the rehabilitation of patients with movement disorders is still scattered, and this required their generalization and understanding. The main advantage of this system is the ability to effectively control and ensure high intensity, repeatability (reproducibility) and purposefulness of the trained movements. The convincing advantages of automated training on the Lokomat system compared to traditional rehabilitation in terms of various clinical indicators in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis have been identified. It was shown that in patients trained on the Lokomat system, a single support on the paretic leg intensified, which contributed to a more symmetrical gait. This system is more than other devices and technologies designed for learning to walk, in line with the modern approach to the restoration of impaired motor functions. The inclusion of training sessions on the Lokomat robotic system in the comprehensive treatment of patients with post-stroke hemiparesis leads to a marked improvement in movement skills. This is associated with a pronounced restructuring against the background of its use of the motor stereotype of walking, which makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of recreational activities in post-stroke patients.

scholarly journals A modern approach to the combination treatment of allergic rhinitis

2018 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
S. A. Karpischenko ◽  
G. V. Lavrenova ◽  
E. I. Muratova
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Consistent Increase

Allergic rhinitis is a common disease that significantly worsens the patient’s quality of life. In some cases, the disease can be life threatening. Severe attacks of bronchial obstruction may occur in patients with allergic rhinitis. The widespread prevalence of allergic rhinitis in adults and children, consistent increase in disease incidence constitutes a great medical and social issue. Treatment for allergic rhinitis should be aimed at reaching increased remission duration, preventing the exacerbation of the disease and educating patients to maintain control over the symptoms of the disease. A challenge that otolaryngologists and allergists face is to restore nasal breathing in patients with allergic rhinitis. The updated approach to the challenge is to suggest treatment that takes into account the pathophysiological mechanisms that occur not only in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, but throughout the body, in particular, in the intestine.

scholarly journals ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ Α-ГЛІЦЕРИЛФОСФОРИЛХОЛІНУ В СХЕМІ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ ДЛЯ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ПІСЛЯ МОЗКОВОГО ПІВКУЛЬОВОГО ІШЕМІЧНОГО ІНСУЛЬТУ

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
О.О. Пушко ◽  
Н.В. Литвиненко
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Comprehensive Therapy ◽  
Progressive Growth ◽  
Active Rehabilitation ◽  
Combination Of Methods

The article considers the influence of α-glycerylphosphorylcholine in the scheme of comprehensive therapy on the dynamics of functional recovery in patients with cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke. Against the background of the progressive growth of acute cerebral infarction, the problem of timely care is relevant. Timely treatment of stroke, based on evidence-based medicine, along with early activation and rehabilitation of patients is designed to reduce mortality and subsequent disability of patients. Given that cholinergic insufficiency and structural and functional damage of neurons play an important role in the pathogenesis of post-stroke disorders, the use of medicines for their correction, in particular α-glycerylphosphorylcholine, is justified. Choline alfoscerate, a precursor of acetylcholine and phosphatidylcholine, is broken down by enzymes into choline and glycerophosphate when ingested, and the choline thus obtained is able to improve neuronal functionality in patients with neurodegenerative and vascular diseases. The study revealed a significantly better recovery of impaired motor and cognitive functions after cerebral hemispheric stroke under the influence of comprehensive therapeutic and rehabilitation measures using active rehabilitation methods in conjunction with α-glycerylphosphorylcholine. The results obtained during the study allow us to report the advantage of a combination of methods of active rehabilitation and the use of the pharmacological agent α-glycerylphosphorylcholine. The feasibility and efficacy of α-glycerylphosphorylcholine are related to its ability to reduce motor and cognitive deficits after ischemic stroke. The scheme of comprehensive treatment of patients in acute and restorative periods of cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke with the use of α-glycerylphosphorylcholine helps to increase the effectiveness of functional recovery after an acute cerebral accident, and can be used in the use of therapeutic and rehabilitation programs for patients after cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke to reduce the post-stroke deficit.

scholarly journals Matrix metalloproteinase-9 blood level as a predictor of post-stroke cognitive impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
D P Kalinsky ◽  
V Yu Lobzin ◽  
I G Ulyanov
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability of the population. Among the consequences of stroke besides motor, speech disorders, the most important cause of cognitive impairments, it’s frequency is variable between 25-40%. Post-stroke cognitive disorders are pathogenetically heterogeneous conditions. The nature, modality and severity are determined by the clinical subtype of it’s development. So, cognitive impairment most often can be a consequence of a strategic infarcts, multi-infarct damage, decompensation of chronic cerebrovascular pathology against the background of an acute condition or neurodegenerative process that existed earlier and diagnosed before the appearance of any signs of stroke. In addition, the subtype of ischemic stroke also matters. In stroke, a family of zinc-binding proteolytic enzymes, in particular matrix metalloproteinase-9, plays a significant role in the development of damage of the brain tissue, which is of great importance in the reconstruction of the extracellular matrix. A high serum concentration of metalloproteinase-9 increases the severity of ischemic damage, the severity of the stroke and worsens the functional outcome of the disease. In addition, metalloproteinase-9 is also considered as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease, since it acts as a proteolytic enzyme, which, along with neprilizine, cleaves the amyloid protein. The results of a survey of 135 patients in the acute and early recovery period of ischemic stroke are presented. The level of metalloproteinase-9 and cognitive impairment have been studied on 1-2 and 21-22 days of the disease. It was found that a higher level of metalloproteinase-9 in blood plasma reflects a high probability of post-stroke cognitive impairment at the end of an acute period of ischemic stroke. The increase in metalloproteinase-9 did not depend on the localization of the focus of the stroke and its volume. Thus, metalloproteinase-9 investigation in the acute period of the ischemic stroke can predict the development of post-stroke cognitive decline.

Abstract W P98: Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-3 Elevated in Stoke and Aging

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney A Townshend ◽  
Edward C Koellhoffer ◽  
Jeremy Grenier ◽  
Anjali Chauhan ◽  
Sharon DiMauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Monocyte Chemotactic Protein ◽  
Aged Brain ◽  
Chemotactic Protein

Background: It is now recognized that stroke is a systemic stressor that triggers profound changes throughout the body, leading to alterations in the immune system and response. In the CNS, cell death from ischemic stroke activates glial cells, leading to trafficking of leukocytes into the brain and subsequent inflammation. Chemokines play an active role in modulating this recruitment process. Monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3), also known as CCL7, is a chemokine that attracts a broad spectrum of immune cells. Although secreted at lower levels than the better-understood monocyte chemotactic protein-1, MCP-3 is released after injury and regulates migration of leukocytes, thus facilitating inflammation. As neuroinflammation is a well-documented complication after ischemic stroke, we hypothesized that MCP-3 levels would be elevated after stroke. In light of the fact that age is the principle risk factor for stroke, and that a chronic pro-inflammatory milieu is associated with aging, we also hypothesized that MCP-3 would increase with age. Methods: Young (10 weeks) and aged (18 months) male C57B16 mice were subjected to transient (60 minute) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or a sham surgery. MCP-3 protein levels in brain tissue and serum samples from these stroked mice, as well as from cohorts of young and aged naïve mice, were analyzed with an ELISA. Results: The comparisons of naïve aged (n=4, mean=0.042±0.005 pg/μg) to naïve young (n=4, mean=0.017±0.009 pg/μg) mice showed a significant increase (p<.01) in MCP-3 in aged brain tissue. Additionally, when comparing aged MCAO to young MCAO (n=3, mean=0.01±0.007 pg/μg), MCP-3 was significantly elevated (p<.01) in the aged group. In comparing aged MCAO (n=6, mean=0.31±0.11 pg/ug ) to aged sham (n=6, mean=0.03±0.006 pg/μg), MCP-3 was significantly elevated (p<.05). No significant differences in MCP-3 levels in serum or between young stroke and young sham brain were seen. Conclusions: We demonstrated that levels of MCP-3 are increased post-stroke in aged mice, but not in young mice. Given what is known about the role of MCP-3 in immune cell trafficking, our data imply that MCP-3 plays a role in inflammation post-stroke, and that it also primes the aged brain for a greater inflammatory response post-stroke.

scholarly journals A modern approach to the comprehensive treatment of allergic rhinitis

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
S. A. Karpishchenko ◽  
G. V. Lavrenova ◽  
A. S. Mil’chakova
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Topical Corticosteroids

The problem of allergic rhinosinusopathies is one of the most pressing in modern rhinology. It has drawn the attention of clinicians for several decades. Allergic rhinitis is a common disease, the onset of which often come in early childhood. In later life, this disease significantly reduces the quality of life. The widespread prevalence of allergic rhinitis among children and able-bodied adults, growing incidence rates of the disease represent a significant medical and social problem. Allergic rhinitis should be treated by otorhinolaryngologists and allergists-immunologists. Given the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease, it is necessary to act upon the local symptoms and total body. Extension of disease remissions, teaching patients the principles of elimination therapy and how to maintain a healthy microclimate at home, relapse prevention are the main directions in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The primary task of otorhinolaryngologists and allergists-immunologists is to restore unlabored nasal breathing in such patients. Symptomatic therapy includes administration of vasoconstrictor drugs, anticholinergics, cromons, local and systemic antihistamines, leukotriene receptor blockers, topical and systemic glucocorticosteroids (GCS), sorbents, pre- and probiotics. Despite the fact that the symptomatic therapy methods cannot provide a long-lasting effect after cancellation, local symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis using topical corticosteroids is generally accepted and widely used in the otorhinolaryngology practice. Flixonase is one of the topical corticosteroids that are often prescribed for allergic rhinitis. The aim of our paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment regimen of allergic rhinitis using Flixonase as a local GCS. 24 people with perennial allergic rhinitis aged from 19 to 38 years were under our observation. The following therapy was prescribed to the patients: decongestants, rinsing the nasal cavity with saline (saltwater) solutions, corticosteroids (Flixonase), mild sedatives. Flixonase showed its efficacy in our study.

scholarly journals POST-STROKE DEPRESSION (MODERN LOOK AT THE PROBLEM AND OWN RESEARCH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
O.P. Onopriyenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Post Stroke Depression ◽  
The Impact

The high incidence and increase in disability among the population after a stroke is a topical problem worldwide in the second decade of the 21st century. Brain strokes, their complications (dementias, depression), place a heavy burden on the society of the country, the families of patients. Objective: To investigate the impact of psychogenic factors on the epidemiology of stroke in Brоvаry district of Kyiv region for the last 10 years, to compile statistics and to compare them with world and regional data of Kyiv region and Ukraine. Methods. The resources of PubMed (1990-2016) and UpToDate (2016) were used to write the review article. To address these issues and to improve the quality of care provided to patients in the Kyiv region, Brovary and Brovary district, an epidemiological study of stroke patients and its risk factors has been continued. We screened 771 patients with stroke in the angioneurology department of the Brоvаry Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital of the Kyiv region for psycho-emotional depressive disorders in the acute and late recovery period of ischemic stroke using NIHSS scales, Bartel index, modified Rankin scale, RASS scale. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using the Spearman correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, descriptive statistics methods. Results. The risk factors for depression in the early recovery period after ischemic stroke and the association of post-stroke depression (PSD) with the risk of recurrence have been identified. 771 stroke patients (13%) had anxiety-depressive syndrome: 436 (56%) man, 335 (44%) women. PSD has been found to be more pronounced in old people, female, single patients. The development of PSD is influenced by many factors, including severity of stroke, disease course, significant functional impairment and degree of disability, reduced cognitive, language functions, and dependence on outsiders. The more pronounced severity of PSD is related to the degree of functional dependence and language-cognitive status. Conclusions. The presence of PSD results in worst prognosis of stroke of functional and cognetiv renewal of patients, increases their dependence on an extraneous help, considerably worsens quality of life. The origin of PSD has multifactorial genesis, mostly psychogenicsocial factor, influences on the degree of functional dependence of patients, especially aphasia. Influence on risk factors will give an opportunity to prevent development of PSD will promote it to effective rehabilitation and prevantion of repeated ischemic stroke. Keywords: ischemic stroke, psychogenic factors, post-stroke depression, principles of rehabilitation, treatment, prevention.

Meaning of innovative technologies for improvement of results in treating burned patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
A. A. Alekseev ◽  
A. E. Bobrovnikov ◽  
V. V. Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Burn Disease ◽  
Complications And Mortality

In order to include innovative technologies in clinical recommendations, confirmation of their clinical effectiveness in comprehensive treatment of burned patients is necessary. 1,696 case histories of patients with burns were audited, which are divided into two groups depending on peculiarities of treatment. The use of innovative treatment technologies for burned patients has reduced the incidence of burn disease complications and mortality. Introduction of innovative technologies in treating burned patients into broad clinical practice improves results of provision of specialized, high-tech medical care for victims of burns.

Effect of age on outcome in patients with cerebral stroke

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
G. R. Kuchava ◽  
E. V. Eliseev ◽  
B. V. Silaev ◽  
D. A. Doroshenko ◽  
Yu. N. Fedulaev
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Risk Of Death

The aim of the study was to assess the course and outcome of cerebral infarction, depending on the age factor and duration of stay in the neuroblock. Materials and methods: a dynamic observation of 494 patients, men and women, aged 38–84 years with acute ischemic stroke of hemispheric localization, which were divided into the three groups depending on age, was performed. Group 1 – younger than 60 years old, group 2–60–70 years old, group 3 – older than 60 years. All patients underwent standard therapy, according to the recommendations for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The patients underwent comprehensive clinical and instrumental monitoring, which included assessment of somatic and neurological status according to the NIH‑NINDS scales at 1st, 3rd, 10th days and at discharge or death; assessment of the level of social adaptation according to the Bartel scale on 1st, 3rd, 10th days and at discharge, clinical and biochemical blood tests, computed tomography of the brain. Assessment of the quality of therapy was carried out according to specially developed maps using methods of statistical correlation analysis. Results: the most pronounced positive dynamics of neurological status was in the 1st group of patients. The regression of neurological deficit in the 2nd group was worse. The minimal dynamics of neurological deficit was in the 3rd group of patients with cerebral stroke. Most often, the death of patients with cerebral stroke occurred from the development of multiple organ disorders. Conclusions: patients over 70 years of age have the greatest risk of death, due to: a decrease in the reactivity of the body, the presence of initially severe concomitant somatic pathology in patients with admission to hospital; accession of secondary somatic and purulent‑septic complications.

МЕКТЕП ЖАШЫНА ЧЕЙИНКИ БАЛДАРДЫН ДЕН СООЛУГУН ЧЫҢДООДО ОЮН ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСЫН КОЛДОНУУ

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-160
Author(s):  
Салтанат Кошалиева
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Number Of Children

Аннотация: Бул макалада мектеп жашына чейинки балдардын ден соолугун чыңдоодо оюн технологиясын пайдалануунун өзгөчөлүктөрү талкууланат. Метепке чейинки курак баланын дене-бой жана психикалык ден соолугунун пайдубалын түптөөнүн чечүүчү этабы болуп саналат. Бул мезгилде органдардын ургаалдуу өнүгүшү жана организмдин функциялык системасынын калыптанышы жүрүүдө. Акыркы жылдары мектепке чейинки балдардын ден соолугунун начарлаганы туруктуу тенденцияга айланып, оорулуу балдардын саны көбөйүүдө. Мектеп жашына чейинки балдардын психикалык жана сүйлөө жөндөмдөрүн оюн аркылуу жакшыртып, жаңы механизмдерин иштеп чыгуу жагы каралган. Бала бакчанын негизги милдети - баланы өз алдынча жашоого даярдоо, жакшы адаттарга багыттоо менен тарбиялоо иши макалада каралган. Түйүндүү сөздөр: Ден соолук, бала бакчада, дене тарбия, элдик оюндар, тарбиялоо, ден соолукту чыңдоо, иш пландар, жаш муундар, коюлган талаптар, педагогикалык шарттар. Аннотация: В данной статье рассматриваются особенности использования игровых технологий в оздоровлении дошкольников. Дошкольный возраст является решающим этапом в формировании фундамента физического и психического здоровья ребенка. В этот период идет интенсивное развитие органов и становление функциональных систем организма. Наметившаяся в последние годы устойчивая тенденция ухудшения здоровья дошкольников, увеличение количества детей с нарушениями психического и речевого развития, диктует необходимость поиска механизмов, позволяющая изменить эту ситуацию. Основная задача детского сада - подготовить ребенка к самостоятельной жизни, дав ему для этого необходимые умения, навыки, воспитав определенные привычки. Сегодня в дошкольных учреждениях уделяется большое внимание здоровье сберегающим технологиям, которые направлены на решение самой главной задачидошкольного образования – сохранить, поддержать и обогатить здоровье детей. Ключевые слова: Здоровье, детский сад, физическое воспитание, народные подвижные игры, физические упражнения, общеобразовательная школа, учащиеся, воспитание, оздоровление, подрастающее поколение, предъявляемые требования, педагогические условия, теория и практика физического воспитания, подвижные игры. Abstract: This article discusses the features of the use of game technologies in the rehabilitation of preschoolers. Preschool age is a crucial stage in the formation of the Foundation of physical and mental health of the child. During this period there is an intensive development of organs and the formation of functional systems of the body. The steady tendency of deterioration of health of preschool children outlined in recent years, increase in number of children with violations of mental and speech development, dictates need of search of the mechanisms allowing to change this situation. The main task of the kindergarten is to prepare the child for independent life, giving him the necessary skills, bringing up certain habits. Today, preschool institutions pay great attention to health-saving technologies, which are aimed at solving the most important task of preschool education – to preserve, support and enrich the health of children. Key words: Health, kindergarten, physical education, folk outdoor games, physical exercises, secondary school, students, education, rehabilitation, the younger generation, the requirements, pedagogical conditions, theory and practice of physical education, out-door games.

LncRNAs a New Target for Post-Stroke Recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 3115-3121
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
Xu Liu ◽  
Ruixia Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Cascade Processes ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Neuron Injury

LncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs) are endogenous molecules, involved in complicated biological processes. Increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs play a vital role in the post-stroke pathophysiology. Furthermore, several lncRNAs were reported to mediate ischemia cascade processes include apoptosis, bloodbrain barier breakdown, angiogenesis, microglial activation induced neuroinflammation which can cause neuron injury and influence neuron recovery after ischemic stroke. In our study, we first summarize current development about lncRNAs and post-stroke, focus on the regulatory roles of lncRNAs on pathophysiology after stroke. We also reviewed genetic variation in lncRNA associated with functional outcome after ischemic stroke. Additionally, lncRNA-based therapeutics offer promising strategies to decrease brain damage and promote neurological recovery following ischemic stroke. We believe that lncRNAs will become promising for the frontier strategies for IS and can open up a new path for the treatment of IS in the future.

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