scholarly journals Growth and saponin production of Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. callus culture on various addition with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
DIAN PRAMITA WARDANI ◽  
SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN ◽  
AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN

The objectives of the research were to study the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin on callus growth and saponin production from Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. callus. The outline of the research was T. paniculatum as a medicinal plant potentially to be developed with in vitro culture method. The addition of 2,4-D and kinetin in culture’s medium would induce protein synthesis, further more it would influence cell proliferation and cell metabolism with regulation enzyme action, so that both of induced callus growth and secondary metabolism production from the cell that be cultured. The research used factorial completely randomized design with two factors (2,4-D concentration: 0 mgl-1, 0.5 mgl-1, 1 mgl-1, 1.5 mgl-1 and kinetin concentration: 0 mgl-1, 0.5 mgl-1, 1 mgl-1, 1.5 mgl-1) with three replicates. Data that be collected were qualitative data (callus morphology included textur and colour of callus) and quantitative data (callus growth rate, callus wet weight, callus dry weight and saponin content). Data were analyzed by using anova and followed by DMRT 5% confidence level and corelation regresion. The result of the research indicated that the treatment with addition plant regulation (2,4-D and kinetin) on MS medium have significant effect on callus growth and saponin production. Addition 2,4-D 1.5 mgl-1 and kinetin 1.5 mgl-1 as anoptimum combination concentration to induce callus growth and saponin production.

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
IKA ARININGSIH ◽  
SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN ◽  
ENDANG ANGGARWULAN

The objectives of the research were to study the effect of Ca2+ and Cu2+ ions in Murashige-Skoog’s medium on callus growth and anthraquinones production from Morinda citrifolia callus. The outline of the research was that the callus growth and secondary metabolite production from plant’s body could be triggered by the occurrence of elicitor that is added to culture’s medium, as biotic or abiotic elicitors. The addition of Ca2+ and Cu2+ ions in culture’s medium as abiotic elicitor would cause the occurrence of metal’s ion competition and interaction toward cells that being cultured, furthermore, it would influence ion transport from or to cell cytoplasm. Finally, cytoplasm pH would be influenced, so that both of callus growth and secondary metabolite from the cell that being cultured will also affected. In this research, in vitro callus culture method to obtain callus from explant (Morinda citrifolia leaf) and to induced anthraquinone production was used. In vitro culture used in this research consisted of 3 stages. First stage was the basal medium for sterilant object, second stage was the callus initiation medium to induce callus, and third stage was the treatment medium to induce anthraquinone production from callus. The research used factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors (Ca2+ ions: 0 mgl-1, 440 mgl-1, 880 mgl-1 and Cu2+ ions 0 mgl-1, 2,5 mgl-1, 5 mgl-1), with 3 replicates. Data collected were qualitative data (explant sterilization and callus morphology) and quantitative data (callus growth rate, callus dry weight, and anthraquinone content). The data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by DMRT with 5% confidence level. The result of the research indicated that the treatment with addition of Ca2+ and Cu2+ ions on MS medium did not have any significant effect on callus growth and anthraquinone production.


Biosfera ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Kiki Ayuningrum ◽  
Iman Budisantoso ◽  
Kamsinah Kamsinah

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of administration of a combination of 2,4-D and BAP on the growth of soybean callus subculture and determine the combination of 2,4-D and BAP most good for the growth of soybean callus subculture. The study design used completely randomized design (CRD) with a pattern factorials. The factor one e.i 2,4-D consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm. A factor of 2 e.i BAP consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 2, 4, dan 6 ppm. Every combination treatment repeated three times. Parameters measured include the percentage is growing callus, type of callus, dry weight and wet weight of soybean callus. The results showed that administration of the hormone 2,4-D and BAP can spur the growth of soybean callus subculture, the combination of BAP 2 ppm and 10 ppm of 2,4-D is the best combination for a percentage of callus and growing callus types, whereas the wet weight and the weight dried callus is not driven by a combination of the hormone 2,4-D and BAP


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Netty Nurjanaty ◽  
Riza Linda ◽  
Mukarlina Mukarlina

The availability of water for plants will affect the process of plant growth. Water stress in plants can be overcome by applying fertilizer. Fertilizing through leaves has the advantage of absorbing nutrients needed to speed up the growth process. The purpose of this research was to use a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the A factor of water supply consisting of 100% field capacity (KL) (A1), 75% KL (A2), 125% KL (A3), B concentration factor leaf fertilizer consists of 0 g/L (B1), 1,5 g/L (B2), 2 g/L (B3), 2,5 g / L (B4), and 3 g/L (B5) so that there is 15 combinations of treatments with 5 replications. Based on the results of research on the stress conditions of 75%, 100%, and 125% KL the best leaf fertilizer for growth of mustard green plants which includes leaf area, amount of chlorophyll, number of leaves, wet weight, dry weight, and root-shoot ratio is as much as 3 g/L.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ujang Siron ◽  
Noertjahyani Noertjahyani ◽  
Yana Taryana ◽  
Romiyadi Romiyadi

The aim of the article is to study the interaction effect between NAA and BAP concentration on protocorm growth and to know the proper concentration for growth of Dendrobium  spectabile  orchid protocorm. This research method using an experimental method which is conducted in the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty of Winaya Mukti University, Tanjungsari Subdistrict, Sumedang District. The experiment was conducted from June 2017 until September 2017. The experiment used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the factorial pattern, consisting of two factors and repeated twice. the first factor was the effect of NAA concentration which consisted of five levels, namely without NAA, 0.5 mg kg-1, 1.0 mg kg-1, 1.5 mg kg-1, and 2.0 mg kg-1.  The second factor is the BAP concentration which consists of five levels, namel without BAP, 1.0 mg kg-1, 2.0 mg kg-1, 3.0 mg kg-1, and 4.0 mg kg-1. Eksplant is protocorm from orchid D. spectabile which is grown on MS medium (Murashig and Skoog) half recipe as base medium accompanied by each treatment for 12 weeks. The experimental results show that there is an interaction between the effect of NAA and BAP concentration on the number of leaves only. Without NAA or 1.5 mg kg-1 NAA concentration with BAP 2.0 mg kg-1 gives more leaves.  Independent of NAA or BAP concentrations did not affect the number of buds, number of roots, root length, fresh and dry weight of plantlets, and also growth ability of plantlets.  BAP concentration only affect plant height, and the highest plantlet height is found without add of BAP in medium culture 


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarzan Purba ◽  
Octavianus Lumban Tobing ◽  
Setyono Setyono

Pakcoy (Brassica juncea L.) is a leaf vegetable that requires sufficient nutrients for growth and development to produce maximum production. This study aims to determine the effect of pakcoy watering using coconut water and giving various doses of urea fertilizer to the growth and yield of pakcoy plants. This study used a factorial complete randomized design consisting of two factors. The first factor is the supply of coconut water which consists of four levels of treatment namely without coconut water (A1), volume of coconut water 100 ml (A2), volume of coconut water 150 ml (A3), volume of coconut water 200 ml (A4). The second factor was urea fertilizer which consisted of four treatment levels, namely without urea (N1), urea 0.2 gr (N2), urea 0.4 gr (N3), urea 0.6 gr (N4). The results of this study indicate that the watering of coconut water and the giving of various doses of urea fertilizer affect plant height at the 5th and 6th week, the number of leaves at the 5th and 6th week, leaf area, canopy width at the 5th and 6th week, leaf wet weight, leaf dry weight, root wet weight and root dry weight. The interaction between coconut water and urea fertilizer did not affect all observed variables.Key words: Brassica juncea, coconut water, urea, stover weight, growth.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulfa Khaerunnisa ◽  
Arifah Rahayu ◽  
Yanyan Mulyaningsih

Katuk {Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr} is a leafy vegetable which requires nitrogen for itsvegetative growth.  This study was aimed at assessing the agronomic performance of various accessions of katuk vegetable grown with different rates of urea fertilizer administration.  A completely randomized design with two factors was used.  The first factor was katuk accessions consisting of Sukaraja Sukabumi, Cugenang Cianjur, and Kemang Bogor.  The second factor was urea fertilizer administration in five rates, namely 0, 33.3, 66.7, 100%, and 133.3% of recommended rate (R).  Results showed that katuk plant of Sukabumi accession gave the best plant height and leaflet area.  Katuk plant of Cianjur accession had the highest values of plant height, number of buds, yield fresh weight, yield dry weight, and root length.  Katuk plant of Bogor accession was found to have the highest fresh root weight.  Urea administration of 66.7-133.3% R resulted in katuk plant with the best values of plant height, number of buds, stem diameter.  The widest leaf area was found in 100% R urea administration and the highest root weight was found in plants treated with 66.7% R urea administration.  The increase of urea fertilizer doses starting from 33.3% R in Cianjur and Bogor katuk accession increased the total harvest wet weight and dry weight, while in Sukabumi accession the significant increase in production was at a dose of 100% R and 133.3% R urea. The increase in vitamin C content was significant in the application of 133.3% R urea fertilizer.


Agrin ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Kholida Wulansari ◽  
Nur Prihatiningsih ◽  
Heru Adi Djatmiko

Colletotrichum capsici dan C. gloeospoiroides adalah jamur patogen penting pada cabai merah yang dapatmenurunkan produktivitas. Upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini yaitu dengan pengendalian hayatimenggunakan Bacillus subtilis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui daya hambat lima isolat B.subtilis yaituB46, B209, B211, B298, dan B315 terhadap patogen C. capsici dan C. gloeospoiroides asal tanaman cabai.Percobaan laboratorium dilakukan berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 ulangan. Pengujian in vitrodilakukan menggunakan teknik dual culture pada medium PDA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efektifitaspenghambatan C.capsici paling baik pada isolat B209 sebesar 34,25%. Efektifitas penghambatan C.gloeospoiroides pada isolat B211 sebesar 28,89%. Efektifitas penghambatan berpengaruh pada bobot keringmisellium dan morfologi hifa C. capsici dan C. gloeospoiroides. Morfologi hifa C. capsici dan C. gloeospoiroidesmengalami lisis, menebal, dan membengkak.Kata kunci: C. capsici, C. gloeospoiroides, B. subtilis, antagonistik, daya hambatABSTRACTColletotrichum capsici and C. gloeospoiroides are an important pathogen on red chili pepper and causedproductivity losses. Biological control using B. subtilis is an attempt to solve the problem. The objectives of thisstudy is to determines the inhibition ability of five B. subtilis isolates, i.e. B46, B209, B211, B298, dan B315against C. capsici and C. gloeospoiroides pathogens from chili pepper. Laboratory experinments arranged incomplete randomized design with five replication. Dual culture method used PDA medium on in vitro test. Resultshowed the best inhibition effectiveness of C.capsici on B209 isolates at 34.25%. The best inhibition effectivenessof C. gloeospoiroides on B211 isolates at 28,89%. The inhibition effectiveness affects mycellium dry weight andhypha morphology of C. capsici and C. gloeospoiroides. Hypha morphology of C. capsici and C. gloeospoiroidesis lysis, thickening, and swelling.Key words: C. capsici, C. gloeospoiroides, B. subtilis, antagonistic, inhibitor ability


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-127
Author(s):  
Tia Setiawati ◽  
Syifa Fauzia Zazuli ◽  
Annisa Annisa ◽  
Mohamad Nurzaman ◽  
Budi Irawan

AbstrakKrisan (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) mengandung senyawa kuersetin dengan efek farmakologi yang sangat luas. Penambahan polyethilene glycol (PEG) dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan produksi metabolit sekunder secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh PEG terhadap pertumbuhan kalus krisan dan kadar kuersetin 3-O-rhamnosida pada pencahayaan yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Eksplan kalus berumur 45 hari setelah tanam (HST) disubkultur pada media MS + 4 ppm 2,4-D dengan penambahan PEG dalam lima taraf konsentrasi yaitu 0, 10, 20, 30, dan 40 ppm. Kultur diinkubasi pada kondisi gelap dan terang. Parameter yang diamati adalah warna, tekstur, ukuran, berat basah, dan berat kering kalus serta kadar kuersetin 3-O-rhamnosida. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varians dan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (α 5%), sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kalus pada kondisi terang berwarna cokelat dan cokelat kehijauan, sedangkan pada kondisi gelap berwarna putih kecokelatan. Perlakuan 10 ppm PEG menghasilkan berat basah dan berat kering kalus tertinggi baik pada kondisi terang maupun gelap berturut-turut 1,97 g dan 2,92 g; 0,94 g dan 1,09 g. Kadar kuersetin 3-O-rhamnosida tertinggi pada kondisi gelap dan terang terdapat pada perlakuan 10 ppm PEG berturut-turut  1,72 µg/g berat kering (BK) dan 2,59 µg/g BK.Abstract Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. contains quercetin with very broad pharmacological effects. The addition of PEG can be used to increase the production of secondary metabolites using in vitro method. This study aimed to determine the effect of PEG on the growth of Chrysanthemum callus and quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside content in different lighting conditions. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design. After 45 days, callus were subcultured on MS medium + 4 ppm 2,4-D which PEG was added in five concentration levels (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 ppm). Culture was incubated in dark and light conditions. Parameters observed were color, texture, size, wet weight and dry weight of callus, also quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside levels. Quantitative data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance and Duncan's Multiple Distance (α 5%). Qualitative data was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that in light condition, the callus has brown and greenish brown color, whereas in dark, it has brownish white color. The 10 ppm PEG treatment produced the highest fresh weight and dry weight in both light and dark conditions of 1.97 g and 2.92 g, 0.94 g and 1.09 g, respectively.The highest quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside content  in dark and light conditions were founded in 10 ppm PEG treatment of 1.72 µg/g dry weight (DW) and 2.59 µg/g DW.


Agrivet ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dofan Rizki Baskara ◽  
Ari Wijayani ◽  
Rina Srilestari

Mas Kirana Banana (Musa acuminata C.) is one of the most popular tropical fruit plants in the community. The problem of banana tissue culture is browning on the media against phenolic substances that need to be done before the browning inhibitor. This study was conducted to determine the effect of browning inhibitor substance and sucrose on the growth of plantlet banana mas kirana. Research method with RAL (Completely Random Design) two factors + 1 control. The first ingredient consisted of 3 levels, namely polyvinylpyrrolidone 75 g / L, Vitamin C 0,50 ppm, Active Charcoal 1 g / L, while the second factor consisted of 3 levels, sucrose 15 g / L, 20 g / L and 25 g / L Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Data with anova and test with DMRT at 5% level. Browning inhibitors Vitamin C results in the number of shoots, wet weight,  dry weight  and  browning level compared with polyvinylpyrrolidone and activated charcoal. The addition of sucrose concentrations of 20 g / L canincrease length of rootKeywords: Banana, tissue culture, browning inhibitor substance, sucrose 


Jurnal Agro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Suseno Amien ◽  
Arini Zahra Azhari ◽  
Citra Bakti ◽  
Haris Maulana

Explants play an important role in thepropagation system of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used in this experiment with factorial pattern consisting of two factors, namely three types of explants (shoot tip, first node, and second node) and eleven accessions of stevia namely a1 (Bogor), a2 (Garut), a3 (Canada), a4 (Tawangmangu), a5 (STG1), a6 (SBG 4), a7 (SBG 10), a8 (SGB 2), a9 (BR5), a10 (SGR 7.5), a11 (TR 3.5). The results showed that shoot tip explant was the best explant than first node and second node for the number of shoots (18.11 shoots), number of leaves (93.49 leaves) and wet weight (3.56 grams). The best accession of shoot height was a10(SGR 7.5) (19.95 cm), the highest number of shoots wasa7(SBG 10) (21.87 shoots), the highest number of leaves wasa7(SBG 10) (138.00 leaves), the heaviest wet weight wasa7(SBG 10) (3.56 grams), the highest leaf chlorophyll content was a10 (SGR 7.5) (0.63 µg mL-1). Accessions with the fastest root initiation time at the rooting stage was a11 (TR 3.5) (4.00 DAC), the highest number of roots wasa10 (TR 3.5) (27.11 roots), the best root length wasa2(Garut) (4.51 cm). Information on the best explant types and stevia accessions in the in-vitro multiplication stage can be used as the basis for stevia breeding programs in Indonesia.AbstractEksplan berperan penting dalam sistem perbanyakan Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan pola faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu tiga jenis eksplan (ujung pucuk, ruas pertama, dan ruas kedua) dan sebelas aksesi stevia yaitu a1 (Bogor), a2 (Garut), a3 (Canada), a4 (Tawangmangu), a5 (STG1), a6 (SBG 4), a7 (SBG 10), a8 (SGB 2), a9 (BR5), a10 (SGR 7.5), a11 (TR 3.5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksplan ujung pucuk merupakan eksplan terbaik dibandingkan buku pertama dan kedua untuk jumlah tunas (18,11 tunas), jumlah daun (93,49 daun) dan berat basah (3,56 gram). Aksesi terbaik pada tinggi pucuk adalah a10(SGR 7.5) (19,95 cm), jumlah pucuk tertinggi a7 (SBG 10) (21,87 pucuk), jumlah daun terbanyak a7 (SBG 10) (138.00 helai daun), bobot basah terberat a7 (SBG 10) (3,56 gram), kandungan klorofil daun tertinggi adalah GR 7,5 (0,63 µg mL-1). Aksesi dengan waktu inisiasi akar tercepat pada tahap perakaran adalah TR 3,5 (4,00 HST), jumlah akar terbanyak adalah TR 3,5 (27,11 akar), panjang akar terbaik adalah a2(Garut) (4,51 cm). Informasi jenis eksplan dan aksesi stevia terbaik pada tahap multiplikasi in-vitro dapat dijadikan dasar program pemuliaan stevia di Indonesia.


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