scholarly journals The ‘Unsolved’ Fracture Neck of Femur– A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Vijayan ◽  
Nikhil Hegde ◽  
Mahesh Suresh Kulkarni ◽  
Monappa Naik Aroor ◽  
Vishweshwar Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Neck Of Femur ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

Introduction: Fractures involving the neck of the femur constitute a small proportion of total fractures in the body. Though these fractures mainly occur in the elderly population, their occurrence in youngsters due to high-velocity trauma is not uncommon. These fractures are commonly termed the ‘unsolved fractures’ as the outcome of these fractures are highly variable. The peculiar anatomy and precarious blood supply to the proximal femur and intracapsular location create an unfavourable biological environment for fracture union. The lack of prospective clinical trials which have evaluated the ideal surgical timing, technique and construct of the implant further adds to the confusion. Discussion: The aim of this review was to go through the recent relevant literature on the management of femoral neck fractures to find out the answers to the debated questions and to summarize the current diagnostic and management approaches to a patient with a suspected fracture neck of the femur. Conclusion: Knowing the patient and fracture related factors which influence the outcome are extremely important to achieve the goal of early uncomplicated fracture healing. This would help the surgeon in the thoughtful selection of the operative intervention for each patient on an individual basis and facilitate a thorough discussion between the surgeon and the patient which is vital in decision making. Keywords: Closed reduction, Hemiarthroplasty, Hip fractures, Intracapsular, Neck of Femur, Pauwel

Development of a wheeled walker braking device using the four-bar mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-437
Author(s):  
ChangMin Choi ◽  
Se-Han Lee ◽  
DongGeon Lee ◽  
SoungKyun Hong ◽  
SeungHyeon Pyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Frail Older People ◽  
Safety Device ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Abstract The elderly population in many countries has been rising rapidly, and falls are a serious event many elderly people experience. Assistive equipment is actively used to reduce falls among elderly people. Popular types of assistive equipment include canes, electric wheelchairs, and wheeled walkers. Wheeled walkers support the body of elderly people, making their gait comfortable as they age or recover from injuries. Wheeled walkers may be equipped with hand brakes; however, frail older people may experience difficulty using such hand brakes, as they require force to operate. Thus, in the present study, a braking method using a wire connected to a user’s belt or clothes was designed and implemented; if the tension of the wire connecting the safety device and the user exceeds a critical value, the wheeled walker brakes, which can prevent the rapid motion of walkers. Two feasibility tests of the wheeled walker with the braking device were conducted: one with 10 healthy adults in their 20s and the other with 10 elderly people over 65 years of age; the tests measured the braking time and speed control using a speed measuring device. The results of the first and second feasibility tests demonstrated that the average braking time of participants was 50.3 ms and 50.7 ms, respectively. All participants in the feasibility tests succeeded in the speed control test. Thus, based on the results, the braking device on the wheeled walker worked properly.

Quantification of Sternal Morphology Across Ages and Genders Using Image Segmentation and Registration Techniques

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley A. Weaver ◽  
Callistus M. Nguyen ◽  
Joel D. Stitzel
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thoracic Injury ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Crash Injuries ◽  
Serious Injuries

Thoracic injury ranks second only to head injury in motor vehicle crash injuries in terms of the number of fatalities and serious injuries, the body region most often injured, and the overall economic cost [1, 2]. Skeletal and physiological resilience are known to decline with age, resulting in a decreased ability for the body to withstand traumatic insults [3]. Adults 65 years of age and older constitute more than 12% of the current population and with increases in life expectancy, the elderly population is projected to reach nearly 20% by 2030 [4].

scholarly journals The Needs of the Elderly in Health Care – Contexts

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Pabiś ◽  
Dorota Kuncewicz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Demand For Health

Abstract Aim. The objective of the study was presentation of the needs of the elderly in the context of changes of these needs conditioned by the demographic processes. Analyses also covered the projected demographic changes and a wider context, e.g. social and cultural.Material and methods. Statistical, demographic and medical data were analyzed by the methods of descriptive statistics with particular consideration of the population aged over 65. Analyses also covered the relevant literature concerning problems of the elderly. On account of the wide thematic range, the content was selected concerning seniors’ health needs and the development of their changes; subsequently, the effects of these changes were analyzed with particular emphasis on the population aged over 65.Results. The development of changes concerning the Polish population aged over 65 within five analysed years (2011-2015) showed an upward tendency (by 14.12%). It is estimated that this tendency will continue within the next 35 years (2015-2050). In 2015, the percentage of the population aged over 65 was 15.81%, while in 2020 and 2050 it is projected to be 18.87% and 32.69% respectively. The ultimate demand for health care is affected not only by the demography and morbidity - related factors, but also by social and cultural ones. The lack of acceptance for the process of ageing, old age and death does not build space for culture, in which care of the elderly is a natural part of life. Increasingly more often, for various reasons, the family does not undertake care of an elderly person. The lack of consideration of these reasons, their complexity and therefore, the lack of attempts to change them, may result in an increased demand for an institutional care.

scholarly journals Balance Disorders and Their Related Factors Among the Elderly in the Northern Rural Areas of Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Shadman Nemati ◽  
◽  
Houshang Gerami ◽  
Zahra Karimi ◽  
Rastin Hosseinzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Balance Disorders ◽  
The North ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
North Of Iran ◽  
Guilan Province

Background: Aging is a natural and physiological process. Moreover, balance disorders frequently occur in the elderly and cause many morbidities in this population. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate balance disorders and their related factors in the healthy elderly population of the rural areas of Guilan province, in the north of Iran. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 425 individuals over 65 years old were selected by random cluster sampling method from the villages of Rasht, the capital city of Guilan province. After obtaining written consent, the subjects were examined for balance disturbance through gait and balance adjusted scale (GABS) index. The obtained results were reported as frequency. We applied the Mann-Whitney U test and non-parametric regression analysis for non-normally distributed dependent variables. The obtained data were analyzed in software version 18. Results: The Mean±SD score of GABS was 10.07±8.00 [median (IQR):7(10.5)]. A total of 425 individuals were selected, but 413 completed the research (218 males and 195 females). In total, 73.1% of the subjects reported at least one disorder among the investigated parameters, and 45.2% mentioned a disorder in at least one of the studied parameters in medical history. By modified GABS; 42.2% of the subjects reported disorders in at least one of the investigated parameters. Conclusion: Nearly half of the elderly population in the rural areas of the north of Iran suffer from balance disorder. This data was obtained by their medical history and physical examinations.

Peculiaridades do cuidado gerontológico de enfermagem: revisão sistemática de literatura

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Karina Silveira de Almeida Hammerschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Reference Framework ◽  
Gerontological Nursing ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTObjective: to identify characteristics of literature in gerontological nursing care. Method: it is a review of literature. The selection of the material was made from items in the database literature of Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences; Database in Nursing; Database of International Literature in Health Sciences and in the library collection of Federal University of Parana. Results: we analyzed twenty-seven works during the months from May to August 2006. Believing as necessary to care gerontology, a pluralistic vision, integrated and be involved with the elderly, the reference framework of this study was the model for the practice of gerontological nursing. Conclusion: the literature has made an attestation that the highest concentration of publishing on the theme occurred in mid-2000. Nursing care importance in gerontology and specifically the dispute, because of increase in elderly population in Brazil and abroad, requiring professional knowledge of this process and their interactions. Descriptors: elderly; nursing gerontologic; nursing care. RESUMO Objetivo: identificar na literatura características do cuidado gerontológico de enfermagem. Método: trata-se de revisão da literatura. A seleção do material foi feita a partir de artigos presentes na base de dados Literatura da Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde; Banco de Dados em Enfermagem; Banco de dados da Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde e no acervo da biblioteca da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Resultados: foram analisados vinte e sete trabalhos no decorrer dos meses de maio a agosto de 2006. Acreditando como necessário ao cuidado gerontológico, uma visão pluralista, integrada e envolvida com o ser idoso, a referência marco deste estudo foi o modelo da prática de enfermagem gerontológica. Conclusão: a pesquisa bibliográfica realizada possibilitou a comprovação que a maior concentração de publicação relacionadas com o tema ocorreu em meados do ano 2000. A importância do cuidado na enfermagem, especificamente o gerontológico é indiscutível, em razão do aumento da população idosa no Brasil e no mundo, exigindo dos profissionais conhecimentos sobre esse processo e suas interações. Descritores: idoso; enfermagem geriátrica; cuidados de enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar las características de la literatura en cuidados de enfermería gerontológica. Método: se trata de una revisión de la literatura. La selección del material se hizo de los artículos de la base de datos de la literatura de América Latina y el Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Base de Datos en Enfermería; Base de Datos Internacional de Literatura en Ciencias de la Salud y en la colección de la biblioteca de Universidad Federal de Paraná. Resultados: se analizaron veintisiete obras durante los meses de mayo a agosto de 2006. Convencido de que sea necesario para la atención gerontológica, una visión plural, integrada y estar involucrado con las personas de edad avanzada, el marco de referencia de este estudio fue el modelo para la práctica de la enfermería gerontológica. Conclusión: la literatura ha hecho una certificación de que la concentración más alta de la publicación sobre el tema se produjo a mediados de 2000. La importancia de la atención en enfermería, gerontología y específicamente la controversia, debido al aumento en población de edad avanzada en el Brasil y en el extranjero, que requieran conocimientos profesionales de este proceso y sus interacciones. Descriptores: anciano; el enfermería gerontologico; cuidado de enfermería.

Outcome of the depressed elderly living in the community in Liverpool: a 5-year follow-up

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1329-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. SHARMA ◽  
J. R. M. COPELAND ◽  
M. E. DEWEY ◽  
D. LOWE ◽  
I. DAVIDSON
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
History Of ◽  
Elderly Living ◽  
Selection Of

Background. Comparatively little is known about the long-term natural history of depressive disorders in the elderly living in the community. This is a follow-up of a subsample of the Continuing Health in the Community study random sample of the elderly population living in Liverpool.Methods. The investigators followed up 120 cases of depression identified by a semi-structured interview schedule (GMS) for a period of 5 years. A similar number of other subjects defined as subcases of depression, other cases of mental illness and a random selection of non-cases were also included.Results. The 5-year outcome for the cases of depression was worse than the outcome of the non-cases (relative mortality risk of 2·1, 95% confidence interval 1·1 to 3·9). Thirty-four per cent of the cases of depression died and 28% had dropped out during the follow-up. Of the 46 cases of depression who had a complete follow-up, 22% recovered from their symptoms, 30% were found to be AGECAT cases at one of the three follow-up waves, 24% were AGECAT cases at two of the three follow-up waves and the remaining 24% were AGECAT cases at each follow-up wave. Fifteen per cent of the surviving cases of depression were organic cases at the follow-up. Their anxiety co-morbid state and depression score were identified as predictors of poor outcome.Conclusion. The findings of this study indicate that depressive disorders (most of which were untreated) found in the elderly community have a poor prognosis.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Blood Pressure Response after Community-Based Exercise Program in the Elderly Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3149
Author(s):  
Yi-Pin Wang ◽  
Kuo-Wei Tseng ◽  
Meng-Hui Lin ◽  
Mei-Wun Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
City Government ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Potential Factors

Exercise has been recommended for blood pressure (BP) control, but not every individual can improve BP and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease effectively by exercise. This study aimed to evaluate the BP response after 12-week exercise intervention and then identify the potential factors of responders on BP (R-BP) control. This was a retrospective cohort study from a project of Taipei City Government. Subjects completed the original program were included for further analysis. Sociodemographic factors, health-related behaviors, and cardiovascular risks were extracted as potential factors. The results were categorized into R-BP control, i.e., BP under optimal level (systolic BP (SBP) < 140 mmHg; and diastolic BP (DBP) < 90 mmHg) or a significant BP reduction (SBP ↓10 mmHg or DBP ↓5 mmHg) after intervention, or non-responder on BP control, i.e., subjects who failed to achieve the targets. There were 81.62% R-BP subjects. R-BP showed lower SBP and lower risk of hypertension at baseline. Active lifestyle could quadruple the number of R-BP. Higher educational level or more prescription medications were likely to be R-BP in subjects with diagnosed hypertension. Active lifestyle combined with exercise could benefit R-BP in the elderly population. Health-related factors also need to be considered for BP control.

scholarly journals Passive Layers and Corrosion Resistance of Biomedical Ti-6Al-4V and β-Ti Alloys

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Patrizia Bocchetta ◽  
Liang-Yu Chen ◽  
Juliana Dias Corpa Tardelli ◽  
Andréa Cândido dos Reis ◽  
Facundo Almeraya-Calderón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Oxide Coating ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
The Ideal

The high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, and great biocompatibility make titanium and its alloys the ideal materials for biomedical metallic implants. Ti-6Al-4V alloy is the most employed in practical biomedical applications because of the excellent combination of strength, fracture toughness, and corrosion resistance. However, recent studies have demonstrated some limits in biocompatibility due to the presence of toxic Al and V. Consequently, scientific literature has reported novel biomedical β-Ti alloys containing biocompatible β-stabilizers (such as Mo, Ta, and Zr) studying the possibility to obtain similar performances to the Ti-6Al-4V alloys. The aim of this review is to highlight the corrosion resistance of the passive layers on biomedical Ti-6Al-4V and β-type Ti alloys in the human body environment by reviewing relevant literature research contributions. The discussion is focused on all those factors that influence the performance of the passive layer at the surface of the alloy subjected to electrochemical corrosion, among which the alloy composition, the method selected to grow the oxide coating, and the physicochemical conditions of the body fluid are the most significant.

scholarly journals MENOPAUSE (RAJO NIVRUTTI) AND OBESITY (STHOULYA) - A CRITICAL REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (11) ◽  
pp. 5115-5120
Author(s):  
Usha K S ◽  
Gurdip Singh
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Disease Entity ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Female Population

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the recent years. Modern lifestyle and dietary habits often take the blame for its rise. Obesity acts as a risk factor for many non-communicable diseases like diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, hypertension. Obesity is also outcome of many changes in the body. One of the causes of obesity in female population is menopause. Since menopause brings along with it a plethora of ailments, obesity is treated as any other lifestyle disorder. There is a need to study Sthoulya (obesity) through the aetiological factor mentioned by Charaka as Javoparodha or explained by Chakrapani as Jaroparodha- early onset of old age. There is an urgent need to treat obesity from the per-spective of menopause. Menopause can occur at any age from 45-55 years. But the aftereffects of meno-pause may persist well into the age of 65-70 years. In the next decade there will be a rise in the geriatric population by 56% in the world. In India geriatric population will be 12.5% of the total population. Ac-cording to the national census of 2011in India, there are 53 million females in the elderly population com-pared to the male population of 51 million. The female geriatric population may have a completely differ-ent set of ailments compared to that of male geriatric population. Hence Sthoulya due to menopause should be considered a separate disease entity and the management should be that of hormonal rehabilitation than just replacement.

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