Surprise: a micro-sociological analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susie Scott
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Verbal Response ◽  
Interaction Rituals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interaction Order ◽  
Identity Changes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Dual Consciousness

This article explores the social and relational aspects of surprise: a reaction to the sudden discovery of unexpected knowledge. Drawing on the micro-sociological perspectives of phenomenology, dramaturgy and symbolic interactionism, I present a five-stage trajectory of this social emotion, charting its emergence, feeling, meaning, responses and function. Surprise emerges from situated encounters when an unexpected incident causes a break in the script. This evokes a subjective experience of flustering and dual consciousness, which separates the actor from their role. The signified meanings of surprise include shifts of biographical identity, changes in power and status, and concerns about the exposure of epistemological naivety. Actors perform expressive gestures of surprise in line with cultural feeling and display rules, using dramaturgical techniques of impression management; these include dramatic realisation and verbal response cries. Team-mates cooperatively enact reparative interaction rituals, such as apologies, token exchange and feigned non-reaction, which restore the normal appearance of a scene. Surprise therefore has the paradoxical quality of being disruptively cohesive. While its immediate expression marks a momentary disturbance, it ultimately functions to maintain interaction order.

A Preliminary Study of Short-Term Sexual Function and Satisfaction Among Men Post-Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
pp. 089801012110380
Author(s):  
Asa B. Smith ◽  
Debra L. Barton ◽  
Matthew Davis ◽  
Elizabeth A. Jackson ◽  
Jacqui Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
The Social ◽  
Male Sexual Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Satisfaction Subscale

Sexuality is an important component of holistic quality of life, and myocardial infarction (MI) negatively influences many aspects of sexuality, including sexual function. However, there is limited literature that examines sexuality beyond the most basic physical components. This pilot study aimed to describe the relationships between the physical, psychologic, and social domains of holistic sexuality at an early timepoint post-MI. Adult men post-MI were mailed self-report surveys at 2 weeks post discharge. Physical domains of sexuality were measured with the arousal, orgasm, erection, lubrication, and pain subscales of the Male Sexual Function Index (MSFI). The social domain utilized the sexual satisfaction subscale of the MSFI. The psychologic domain included the desire subscale of the MSFI and sexual fear (Multidimensional Sexuality Questionnaire). Spearman correlations were estimated to examine associations among the different measurement subscales. Twenty-four men post-MI were analyzed. Average scores on the MSFI were 9.2 ( SD 7.7). Desire and satisfaction were the highest scoring subscales among men when compared with other subscales (i.e. erection, lubrication). There was minimal evidence supporting a relationship between sexual fear and function. Additional research is also needed with larger samples, and among women post-MI.

scholarly journals THROUGH THE (NOT SO) PINK GLASSES: GENDER BIAS IN INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-179
Author(s):  
MONIKA GROCHALSKA
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Shared Meanings ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Interviews

This article was written as part of the project funded by the National Science Centre allocated on the basis of the decision no DEC-2011/01/D/HS6/02470. It shows how social representations of intimate relationships are shared among women and where  they are  rooted. According to Serge Moscovici, social representations are systems of values, ideas and practices, which allow people in groups to understand each other. Thus women have such a  system, which is created through their entire life within the process of informal learning. During this processes some gender bias is imposed. This bias becomes a part of social representations of intimate relationships and influences practices of „being-in-relationship”. Those practices often do not fit  life situations, contributing to the deterioration of  women’s quality of life . All these processes are analysed on the basis of data taken from focus group interviews (FGI) with women. During interviews women often referred to some shared meanings, which constitute their social representations. Finally, these interviews show, that close relationships are highly affected by gender bias, thus they are full of misunderstandings and internal conflicts. The findings highlight the role played by the social representations in women’s subjective experience of their intimate relationships.

scholarly journals Socio-Psychological Aspects of Leading the Processes of Intended socialization of Youth

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Alfiya Vagapova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Professional Self

The article discusses the problem of intended socialization of youth. It offers the data of psychological approaches (Gabriel Tarde, V. S. Mukhina, A. V. Petrovsky) that lie at the foundation of analysis of essence and mechanisms of socialization mechanisms. We singled out the main directions of work aimed at accompanying: professional self-determination, adaptation process in institutions of higher education, establishment of professional competences. The article describes main conditions for increasing the effectiveness of every aspect: actualization of subjective experience in students and its inclusion into the content of professional training; creating conditions for functional unity of means of education, upbringing, social development and self-realization of a student’s personality. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that quality of the environment, depth of processes of learning the social environment by youth, quality of their transformation and acceptance are significant.

scholarly journals Social Identity Change in Pendalungan Community

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakrisno Satrio
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Identity Change ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Russian Immigrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Identity Changes

Ethnic Madura is one of the ethnic groups in East Java actively migrate. In these ethnicgroups there are Pendalungan Madurese inhabited the horseshoe area in East Java. So calledbecause the coverage area resembles the shape of a horseshoe. Starting from the eastPasuruan, Probolinggo, Situbondo, partly Banyuwangi, Jember and Lumajang.Madurese transfer from their home regions to the other is a migration. This is a consequenceof the change in many aspects of life such as, the progress of infrastructure built, economicgrowth, and also because of the desire of individuals to improve their quality of life.Migration of individuals from one region to another, also brings changes in their SocialIdentity. Researchers are interested to observe how the Social Identity Changes inPendalungan Madurese.Pendalungan Madurese has its own characteristics, some can be seen in the form of cultureand everyday life. Those characteristics are acculturation came from a meeting betweenMadurese as a newcomer, with local Ethnic (usually Javanese).The uniqueness is an interesting thing to observe, as has been done by Inga Jasinska Lahti(1999) on the Russian immigrants in Finland. Starting from Social Identity Theory - Tajfel(1979) and Ellemers (1999), researchers will try to find answers to questions in this study.This study aimed to identify the causes and forms of Social Identity on PendalunganMadurese by develop a model of Social Identity change in Pendalungan Madurese

scholarly journals Ekspresi Partai Politik Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90
Author(s):  
Yohanes Museng Ola Buluamang
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Party Ideology ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Function

In realizing the role of political parties, legislative members had been faced with a battle of political discourse in the courtroom. The purpose of this study is to explore the political communication performance of legislators in the NTT provincial legislature in expressing party ideology. The research method that used is qualitative approach. The results shows that the expression of political party ideology verbally and nonverbally was carried out in accordance with the context and function of political communication politics, leading to the management of audience impressions that display positive emotions, politeness, and impression management and facework strategies. Besides that, the expression of the ideology of political parties by DPRD members is carried out in the form of political lobbying, political negotiations and political rhetoric which presents three political stages as a space for communication. The three forms of political communication have different political agendas communicated among DPRD members, between DPRD members and the government so that the context of political communication often experience message distortions and message inconsistencies which have implications for the quality of communication performance of DPRD members.

Specters of Goffman: Impression Management in the Irish Welfare Space

2020 ◽  
pp. 193672442098357
Author(s):  
Joe Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function

The Goffmanian thesis of stigma occurring as an aspect of “spoiled identity” has arguably provided the dominant theoretical understanding of social stigma over the past half century. Yet, there have also been strong critiques of Goffman’s thesis of stigma which range from concerns with the micro-personal nature of his work to question marks over the corpus of materials used by Goffman when originally theorizing stigma. Recent scholarly contributions have theorized a more structural understanding of the role and function of stigma and this, in turn, has arguably forced the question of whether or not Goffman’s thesis of stigma has now become redundant in terms of its application in the social sciences. This paper intends to explore this question by offering a juxtaposition of the theoretical and the empirical. To meet this task, the paper first engages in a theoretical discussion of the Goffmanian thesis of social stigma. Crucially, however, original research, conducted in Ireland, is also presented. This empirical material shows that, despite the very valid concerns with Goffman’s theory of stigma, much of his analysis with respect to impression management is borne out in lived experience. In doing so, aspects of the Goffmanian thesis of impression management as a response to the potential for stigma are affirmed thus demonstrating the continuing applicability of this theoretical strand. New understandings of impression management are also advanced.

Distraction Osteogenesis in the Treatment of Craniofacial Anomalies: Applications and Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1469-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Napoli ◽  
Carrie E. Zimmerman ◽  
Linda D. Vallino
Keyword(s):  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Craniofacial Anomalies ◽  
Craniofacial Skeleton ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Correct Structure

Purpose Craniofacial anomalies (CFA) often result in growth abnormalities of the facial skeleton adversely affecting function and appearance. The functional problems caused by the structural anomalies include upper airway obstruction, speech abnormalities, feeding difficulty, hearing deficits, dental/occlusal defects, and cognitive and psychosocial impairment. Managing disorders of the craniofacial skeleton has been improved by the technique known as distraction osteogenesis (DO). In DO, new bone growth is stimulated allowing bones to be lengthened without need for bone graft. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to describe the technique and clinical applications and outcomes of DO in CFA. Conclusion Distraction can be applied to various regions of the craniofacial skeleton to correct structure and function. The benefits of this procedure include improved airway, feeding, occlusion, speech, and appearance, resulting in a better quality of life for patients with CFA.

Surgery for Lung Cancer and the Consequences for the Swallow

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Pippa Hales ◽  
Corinne Mossey-Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vocal Cord Palsy ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Physiological Reserve ◽  
Palliative Phase ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Swallow Function

Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers across Northern America and Europe. Treatment options offered are dependent on the type of cancer, the location of the tumor, the staging, and the overall health of the person. When surgery for lung cancer is offered, difficulty swallowing is a potential complication that can have several influencing factors. Surgical interaction with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) can lead to unilateral vocal cord palsy, altering swallow function and safety. Understanding whether the RLN has been preserved, damaged, or sacrificed is integral to understanding the effect on the swallow and the subsequent treatment options available. There is also the risk of post-surgical reduction of physiological reserve, which can reduce the strength and function of the swallow in addition to any surgery specific complications. As lung cancer has a limited prognosis, the clinician must also factor in the palliative phase, as this can further increase the burden of an already compromised swallow. By understanding the surgery and the implications this may have for the swallow, there is the potential to reduce the impact of post-surgical complications and so improve quality of life (QOL) for people with lung cancer.

Clinical Update: Pain and Suffering

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Sheila Wendler
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Personal Injury ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Medical Expenses ◽  
Affective Component ◽  
Pain Behaviors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Patient’S Experience ◽  
Pain And Suffering ◽  
And Training

Abstract Attorneys use the term pain and suffering to indicate the subjective, intangible effects of an individual's injury, and plaintiffs may seek compensation for “pain and suffering” as part of a personal injury case although it is not usually an element of a workers’ compensation case. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fifth Edition, provides guidance for rating pain qualitatively or quantitatively in certain cases, but, because of the subjectivity and privateness of the patient's experience, the AMA Guides offers no quantitative approach to assessing “pain and suffering.” The AMA Guides also cautions that confounders of pain behaviors and perception of pain include beliefs, expectations, rewards, attention, and training. “Pain and suffering” is challenging for all parties to value, particularly in terms of financial damages, and using an individual's medical expenses as an indicator of “pain and suffering” simply encourages excessive diagnostic and treatment interventions. The affective component, ie, the uniqueness of this subjective experience, makes it difficult for others, including evaluators, to grasp its meaning. Experienced evaluators recognize that a myriad of factors play a role in the experience of suffering associated with pain, including its intensity and location, the individual's ability to conceptualize pain, the meaning ascribed to pain, the accompanying injury or illness, and the social understanding of suffering.

Epistemic and relational conflicts in sharing identical vs. complementary information during cooperative learning

2002 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Darnon ◽  
Céline Buchs ◽  
Fabrizio Butera
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Relational Conflict ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University

When interacting on a learning task, which is typical of several academic situations, individuals may experience two different motives: Understanding the problem, or showing their competences. When a conflict (confrontation of divergent propositions) emerges from this interaction, it can be solved either in an epistemic way (focused on the task) or in a relational way (focused on the social comparison of competences). The latter is believed to be detrimental for learning. Moreover, research on cooperative learning shows that when they share identical information, partners are led to compare to each other, and are less encouraged to cooperate than when they share complementary information. An epistemic vs. relational conflict vs. no conflict was provoked in dyads composed by a participant and a confederate, working either on identical or on complementary information (N = 122). Results showed that, if relational and epistemic conflicts both entailed more perceived interactions and divergence than the control group, only relational conflict entailed more perceived comparison activities and a less positive relationship than the control group. Epistemic conflict resulted in a more positive perceived relationship than the control group. As far as performance is concerned, relational conflict led to a worse learning than epistemic conflict, and - after a delay - than the control group. An interaction between the two variables on delayed performance showed that epistemic and relational conflicts were different only when working with complementary information. This study shows the importance of the quality of relationship when sharing information during cooperative learning, a crucial factor to be taken into account when planning educational settings at the university.

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