scholarly journals First-line tuberculosis drug resistance patterns and associated risk factors in Germany, 2008-2017

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0217597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Glasauer ◽  
Doris Altmann ◽  
Barbara Hauer ◽  
Bonita Brodhun ◽  
Walter Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
First Line ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals A secondary data analysis of qualitative study of individualized treatment regimen for North Indians living with human immunodeficiency virus-1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushanta Kumar Barik ◽  
Avi Kumar Bansal ◽  
Ashwini Yadav ◽  
Srikanth Prasad Tripathy ◽  
Tej Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Indian Patients ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Endpoint Data ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The follow-up of fifty-seven patients were conducted after a confirmation genotyping test. The secondary data analysis was done on the data available to observe the correlation between the CD4 counts and viral loads (One of the markers of clinical outcome) of the individual North Indian patients infected with HIV-1 Subtype C. The drug resistance mutations in individual patient were analysed through the drug resistance database, Stanford University, USA. The data of resistance associated with drugs, CD4 counts, viral loads of the individual patient was compiled and statistically analysed for drug resistance pattern profiles using Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS Version 22. The normality of data was checked by Shapiro-Wilk test (p<0.05). The study starting and endpoint data on CD4 counts, viral loads and drug resistance patterns associated with multiple first-line ART was available for 24 north Indian patients. The starting and study endpoint data on CD4 counts and drug resistance patterns associated with multiple first- line ART was available for 33 North Indian patients. The study indicative that the recommendation of policy to provide a tailor-made individualized regimen to each patient under AIDS control program.

scholarly journals First-line anti-tuberculosis drug resistance patterns and trends at the national TB referral center in Iran—eight years of surveillance

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e236-e240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Shamaei ◽  
Majid Marjani ◽  
Ehsan Chitsaz ◽  
Mehdi Kazempour ◽  
Mehdi Esmaeili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
First Line ◽  
Referral Center ◽  
Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Pola Resistensi OAT Lini Pertama dan Gradasi Gambaran Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru MDR

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pramanindyah Bekti Anjani ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
First Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease which has long been known and is still a cause of death in the world. The emergece of the drug resistance in TB treatment, particularly Multi drug-Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) become a significant public health problem in many countries. The diagnosis of MDR TB based on culture results. In some cases radiographic feature with severe abnormalities consideres as MDR TB. From this phenomenon, there is no research that connects the resistance pattern of first line ATD with chest x-ray feature in patients with MDR TB. Methods: The research design are analytical observational with cross-sectional study conducted in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital. Subjects were patients who are following a theraphy program in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital from 2012 to 2014 who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 65 patients. Result: the result of this study showed that of all patterns of resistance, most of the MDR TB patients were classified as having severe chest radiograph. 27 patients with RH resistance patterns, there were 14(51.9%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 5 patients with RHS resistance patterns, 2(60%) vwho had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 13 patients RHES resistance patterns, 8(61.5%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 20 patients with RHE resistance patterns, 14(70%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. Conclusion: There were no significant association between resistance pattern of first line ATD and chest x-ray feature in patient with MDR TB.

First-line antituberculosis drug resistance prevalence and its pattern among HIV-infected patients in the national referral tuberculosis centre, Iran

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Tabarsi ◽  
E Chitsaz ◽  
A Moradi ◽  
P Baghaei ◽  
P Farnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Antitubercular Agents ◽  
First Line ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Culture Negative

The objective of this study was to determine the drug resistance prevalence and its pattern among tuberculosis (TB)–HIV patients in Iran. In this retrospective study, all admitted TB/HIV patients presenting to our tertiary centre during 2005–2007 were considered. After confirmation for TB–HIV, first-line DST was performed for culture-positive patients. The drug resistance patterns and the treatment outcomes were analysed. Of the total 92 TB/HIV patients, 27 were culture negative, and DST were available in 65. Intravenous drug abuse was seen in 59 (90.8%). Thirty-seven (57%) were ‘sensitive’ cases and 28 (43%) were ‘any drug resistance’ cases. Twenty-one (32.3%) were mono-drug, three (4.6%) poly-drug and four (6.1%) were multidrug-resistant TB patients. Previous anti-TB medication was significantly associated with any drug resistance ( P = 0.041; 95% confidence interval =0.086–0.984); however, having any drug resistance did not affect the treatment outcome ( P = 0.56). Streptomycin showed the highest resistance rate (27%) followed by isoniazid (20%), pyrazinamide (9.8%), rifampin (9.2%) and ethambutol (3%). Drug resistance to antitubercular agents in TB–HIV co-infected patients in Iran is high compared with other reports. Drug resistance is higher among those who have had prior anti-TB medication.

scholarly journals FIRST LINE ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUG RESISTANCE PATTERN IN MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS CORRELATE WITH ACID FAST BACILLI MICROSCOPY GRADING

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Soedarsono Soedarsono ◽  
Ni Made Mertaniasih ◽  
Titiek Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
First Line ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Spearman Test

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global public health crisis. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) gradation in sputum examination is an important component in Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis and treatment outcome monitoring. Previously treated pulmonary TB patients with a higher AFB smear gradation may have higher rates of acquired resistance. Patients with a higher AFB grade indicate a higher bacillary load and had higher rates of acquired resistance. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between AFB gradation and first-line anti-TB drug resistance patterns in MDR pulmonary TB patients. This was a retrospective study conducted from August 2009 to April 2018 in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Sputum samples were taken from MDR PTB patients. Sputum smear examination was done using Ziehl–Neelsen staining and gradation was measured according to IUATLD criteria. Samples with positive smear were evaluated for resistance patterns based on culture and resistance tests using the MGIT 960 BACTEC System. There were 433 sputum samples with AFB positive collected from MDR PTB patients. Resistance to RHES was found in 22 (14%) AFB +1, 19 (15%) AFB +2, and 29 (20%) AFB +3. Resistance to RHS was found in 22 (14%) AFB +1, 12 (9%) AFB +2, and 13 (9%) AFB +3. Resistance to RHE was found in 39 (25%) AFB +1, 38 (29%) AFB +2, and 35 (24%) AFB +3. Resistance to RH was found in 74 (47%) AFB +1, 61 (47%) AFB +2, and 69 (47%) AFB +3. Statistic analysis by Spearman test showed that there was no significant correlation between AFB gradation and first-line anti-TB drug resistance patterns. Acquired resistance to RHES can also found in lower bacillary load AFB +1.

scholarly journals Prevalence, multidrug-resistance and risk factors for AmpC β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli from hospitalized patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1466-1469
Author(s):  
Rosy Bala ◽  
Varsha A Singh ◽  
Nitin Gupta ◽  
Pue Rakshit
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction: Multi-drug resistance among AmpC β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli isolates is alarming. The study aimed to know the prevalence and presumptive antibiogram of AmpC producing Escherichia coli isolates and to determine the associated risk factors. Methodology: Escherichia coli isolated from various clinical specimens from hospitalized patients during the study period (January 2018- December 2018) were taken for the study. Standard biochemical reactions were used for organism identification. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using Kirby-Bauer method as per CLSI guidelines. Cefoxitin resistance was taken as screening tool to detect AmpC producing strains. The phenotypic confirmation was done using modified three-dimensional test. Multiplex PCR was used to detect pAmpC. Results: A total non-duplicate consecutive 470 Escherichia coli were isolated from various clinical specimens of hospitalized patients during the study period. Cefoxitin resistance was observed in 51.9% (244/470). Modified three dimensional test was positive in 115/244 (47.1%) strains. Genotypic characterization of phenotypic positive AmpC strains showed presence of CIT and DHA genes among 33/115 and 19/115 isolates respectively. The overall prevalence of pAmpC producing E. coli was found to be 52/470 (11.1%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 42/52 (80.7%) pAmpC strains. Antimicrobial use, prolonged hospitalization and interventions were associated risk factors for AmpC producing isolates. Conclusions: A high prevalence of multidrug resistance among AmpC producing strains suggests plasmid mediated spread of drug resistance in E. coli. Every hospital should formulate and implement infection control policies at-least for the risk group patients to control the dissemination of such microbes as infection prevention is better than infection control.

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