scholarly journals Comparison of service tactic formation on players’ movements and point outcome between national and beginner level padel

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0250225
Author(s):  
Jesús Ramón-Llin ◽  
José Guzmán ◽  
Rafael Martínez-Gallego ◽  
Goran Vučković ◽  
Diego Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Wall ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
High Level

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of service tactic formation on players’ movements and point outcome at two different performance levels. The sample contained 2,148 points corresponding to 18 matches from two male padel indoor tournaments. Players were classified according to their game level: high-level (N = 36; age = 33.3 ± 6.9 years) and beginner (N = 36; age = 35.4 ± 6.8 years). Variables pertaining to service tactic formation (conventional or Australian), point outcome and movement patterns were analysed from the matches through systematic observation. The results showed how high-level players used a significantly higher percentage of the Australian formation than beginners. Also, high-level players won a significantly higher percentage of points than recreational players when using both service tactics. According to movement variables, servers were significantly closer to the net and the side wall using a conventional formation when the returner hit the ball. Furthermore, servers had to move quicker when they used the Australian formation. Finally, the comparison of movement patterns of servers according to game level, showed how high-level players ran faster to the offensive position, covered a greater distance and spent less time between serve and return impacts than beginners.

SPECIAL ASPECTS OF SELF-ADJUSTMENT OF MILITARY UNIVERSITY CADETS WITH DIFFERENT PERFORMANCE LEVELS

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
I. S. Morozova ◽  
◽  
E. A. Pronin ◽  
M. E. Pronina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Military Institute ◽  
High Level

The search for ways to increase the efficiency of educational and professional activities of students during the period of study at a military university remains relevant at present. The provision of optimal methods for the students’ professional competencies formation considering their personality dimensions at the shortage of study time has particular importance. The subject of the research is the special aspects of self-adjustment of cadets with different performance levels. The study aims at identifying the features of voluntary self-adjustment and personal characteristics of cadets with different academic performance levels in technical disciplines at a military university. The authors determined the theoretical approaches to the study of self-adjustment as personal property, mental state, and conditions for the successful activity. The paper includes the systematization of the ideas of the self-adjustment role in the process of educational and professional activity. The authors theoretically substantiate the necessity of considering the peculiarities of self-adjustment of cadets of a military higher education institution manifested in the subjective focus on particular phenomena. The paper presents data on the respondents, which includes ninety-one first-year cadets of Novosibirsk Military Institute. The authors substantiate the division of respondents into groups with high and low levels of academic performance. The study identified special aspects of self-control of military university cadets with different levels of academic performance manifested in the orientation of voluntary self-adjustment. The authors determined the features of voluntary self-adjustment of cadets with a high level of academic performance manifested in the presence of the pronounced perseverance in educational activities, friendliness towards fellow students, and the pronounced cognitive need; identified features of voluntary self-adjustment of cadets with a low level of academic performance manifested in the lack of self-control and critical assessment of actions, ignoring their mistakes, and the desire to dominate in interpersonal relations.

Is Soleus Muscle-Tendon-Unit Behavior Related to Ground-Force Application During the Sprint Start?

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Schrödter ◽  
Gert-Peter Brüggemann ◽  
Steffen Willwacher
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Joint ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Muscle Fascicle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stretch Shortening Cycle ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Upper Ankle

Purpose:To describe the stretch-shortening behavior of ankle plantar-flexing muscle–tendon units (MTUs) during the push-off in a sprint start.Methods:Fifty-four male (100-m personal best: 9.58–12.07 s) and 34 female (100-m personal best: 11.05–14.00 s) sprinters were analyzed using an instrumented starting block and 2-dimensional high-speed video imaging. Analysis was performed separately for front and rear legs, while accounting for block obliquities and performance levels.Results:The results showed clear signs of a dorsiflexion in the upper ankle joint (front block 15.8° ± 7.4°, 95% CI 13.2–18.2°; rear block 8.0° ± 5.7°, 95% CI 6.4–9.7°) preceding plantar flexion. When observed in their natural block settings, the athletes’ block obliquity did not significantly affect push-off characteristics. It seems that the stretch-shortening-cycle-like motion of the soleus MTU has an enhancing influence on push-off force generation.Conclusion:This study provides the first systematic observation of ankle-joint stretch-shortening behavior for sprinters of a wide range of performance levels. The findings highlight the importance of reactive-type training for the improvement of starting performance. Nonetheless, future studies need to resolve the independent contributions of tendinous and muscle-fascicle structures to overall MTU performance.

scholarly journals An End-To-End Model for Pipe Crack Three-Dimensional Visualization Based on a Cascade Neural Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
Xia Fang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Libin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Crack Detection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Long Time ◽  
End To End ◽  
Cascade Neural Network ◽  
Ambiguous Data ◽  
High Level ◽  
Navigation Equipment

With the continuous progress of machine vision technology, crack detection in pipelines has been greatly improved. For crack detection in deep holes, inner tubes, and other environments, it is not only necessary to detect the existence of cracks, but also to collect important information regarding the crack detection direction for further analysis. Because shooting with a frontal field of view causes the real side wall images to produce certain distortions, the detection and calibration of cracks requires a certain amount of professional technology and time. It usually takes a long time to collect the image to eliminate the distortion, and then to identify the crack and mark the direction according to the data line. Therefore, a simple and efficient end-to-end neural network model for crack recognition and three-dimensional visualization are proposed by using a cascade network and simple recognition technology in conjunction with inertial navigation equipment. In addition, we screen the crack data via pixel calibration and eliminate the ambiguous data to make the visualization more accurate. Experiments in pipelines and burrows show that the accuracy, performance, and efficiency of the proposed method reached a high level.

scholarly journals Time and reglamentary analysis during high level wheelchair basketball competition: training conclusions

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
J. Pérez-Tejero ◽  
J. Pinilla-Arbex ◽  
J. Aceituno-Duque ◽  
J. Sampedro-Molinevo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Training ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
High Level ◽  
Action Phases

Uno de los aspectos fundamentales para determinar la exigencia física en un deporte colectivo es el análisis de la duración de las acciones de juego, las pausas reglamentarias y su origen. Por ello, el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la incidencia de las fases de juego y de pausa en el baloncesto en silla de ruedas, así como la duración y frecuencia de los eventos que generan dichas pausas. Se realizó una observación sistemática con un instrumento de registro desarrollado ad hoc sobre un total de 24 partidos de BSR de alto nivel, en los que participaron 17 equipos. 56959 s fueron analizados, registrándose de media por partido de 4773±567 s, distribuidos en 80,5±14,2 fases de participación y 77±14,7 fases de pausa, siendo su duración 29±25 s y 30±39 s, respectivamente. El 47,1% de las fases de participación duraron menos de 20 s y solo el 11,8% duró más de 60 s. El 50,1% de las fases de pausa fue menor a 20 s y solo el 9,9% fue superior a 60 s. Las faltas personales y las fueras de banda fueron las incidencias reglamentarias que más pausas desencadenaron (85,4% del total). Estos datos proporcionan información crucial a los entrenadores para encuadrar el entrenamiento físico con el fin de replicar la exigencia específica del deporte del baloncesto en silla de ruedas de élite. One of the key factors while determining physical effort in a collective sport is the analysis of the duration of game actions, reglamentary pauses and their origin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of the game and pause phases in wheelchair basketball, as well as the duration and frequency of events triggering those pauses. A systematic observation was carried using an ad hoc observational instrument on a total of 24 high level WB matches, where 17 teams participated. 56959 s were analyzed, with an average of 4773±567 s per game, distributed in 80.5±14.2 game action phases and 77±14.7 pause phases, being their duration 29±25 s and 30±39 s, respectively. 47,1% of game situations took less than 20 s and just the 11,8% took more than 60 s. The 50,1 % of the pause phases were shorter than 20 s and just the 9,9% was superior to 60 s. Personal faults and out of bounds were the regulation incidences which developed more pause phases (85,4% of the total). These data provide crucial information to the coaches to frame physical training in order to replicate sport specific exigency of elite wheelchair basketball.

scholarly journals Metallic Cavity Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector for Filter-Free SF6 Gas Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Nie ◽  
Yizhe Yin ◽  
Honglou Zhen ◽  
Xiaohao Zhou ◽  
Pingping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Well ◽  
Cavity Mode ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Infrared Photodetector ◽  
Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector ◽  
Au Film ◽  
Waveguide Model ◽  
High Level

Abstract Generally, for gas imaging, narrowing the response of the camera sensor around the target gas’s absorption band would increase the imaging contrast. In this paper, A filter-free narrowband metallic cavity quantum well infrared photodetector is proposed. The metallic cavity is formed by Ti/Au film coating on the detector’s mesa. The geometry of the cavity is properly designed to sustain cavity mode resonating at 10.6 μm. With strong resonance, the absorption efficiency of the embedded quantum well active layer maintains high level (~74%) even with a fairly low doping concentration (~1×1017cm-3). And the bandwidth is as narrow as 0.22 μm. A waveguide model is presented and used to analyze the metal cavity quantum well infrared photodetector, and it is found that the metal film coating on the side wall played an important role in enhancing the resonance and narrowing the spectral line width.

Functional Movement Patterns and Body Composition of High-Level Volleyball, Soccer, and Rugby Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 740-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Alessandro Piras ◽  
Milena Raffi ◽  
Stefania Toselli
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rugby Players

Context: Sports practice leads athletes to develop a specific body composition, coordination patterns, and basic motor skills based on the different tactical and physical needs. Objectives: To present and compare a wide range of functional movement patterns and body composition (BC) parameters of high-level male athletes playing different sports and to determine if there was a relationship between the parameters examined. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Team facilities. Participants: A total of 30 volleyball, 25 soccer, and 30 rugby players (age = 25.9 [5.0] y and body mass index = 25.6 [4.1] kg/m2). Interventions: Functional movement patterns and anthropometric measurements were collected by a physician specifically trained. Main Outcome Measures: Body mass index, fat mass, fat-free mass, upper-arm muscle and fat area, calf muscle and fat area, thigh muscle and fat area, and functional movement screen (FMS) scores. In addition to considering the FMS total score, the authors separated the screen into 3 parts: FMSmove, FMSflex, and FMSstab. Results: The rugby players showed a higher number of asymmetrical and dysfunctional movements than the other athletes (P < .01), while the highest scores in FMSflex were obtained by the volleyball players (P < .01). In addition, most of the asymmetrical and painful movements in the athletes were measured on the shoulder mobility test. Muscle and fat areas differed significantly among the athletes (P < .05). Significant associations were found between movement patterns and several BC variables. In particular, large negative correlations were measured between percentage of fat mass (r = −.616; P < .01), upper-arm fat area (r = −.519; P < .01), and FMS total score. Conclusions: Functional movement patterns and BC differ in athletes according to the sport practiced. Furthermore, reaching an optimal BC is essential to achieve a satisfactory quality of movement.

scholarly journals Análisis de la distancia recorrida en pádel en función del nivel de juego y el número de puntos por partido (Analysis of distance covered in padel based on level of play and number of points per match)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Jesús Ramón-Llín ◽  
José Guzmán ◽  
Salvador Llana ◽  
Goran Vuckovic ◽  
Diego Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Distance ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Rest Time ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
High Level ◽  
Passive Phase

La distancia que recorren los jugadores por partido supone una forma de cuantificar el volumen de carga externa del juego, y su estudio tiene una gran aplicación en la planificación del entrenamiento deportivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la distancia recorrida en diferentes fases del partido (activa y pasiva) y su relación con el número de puntos disputados y nivel de juego de los deportistas. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 108 jugadores federados de pádel (edad media = 33.81 ± 6.72 años). Se analizaron, a través de observación sistemática con el sistema SAGIT, un total 4406 puntos correspondientes a 27 partidos de pádel. Los partidos fueron divididos en tres niveles de competición: nivel alto (9 partidos; 1158 puntos), nivel medio (9 partidos; 1352 puntos) y nivel bajo (9 partidos; 1044 puntos). Los resultados mostraron como los jugadores de pádel recorren una distancia media de 11 metros por punto y de 2900 metros por partido. Esta distancia total está dividida en un 51 % de fase activa (tiempo de juego) y un 49 % de fase pasiva (tiempo de descanso). Los jugadores de nivel medio recorrieron casi 400 metros más en la fase activa que los jugadores de nivel alto y casi 900 metros más que los jugadores de nivel bajo. Además, el número de puntos disputados correlacionó de forma positiva y significativamente en la distancia recorrida por los jugadores. Abstract. Volume of game external load can be calculated through distance covered by players per match and its study has a great application in the planning of sports trainings. The aim of this study was to analyze distance covered in passive and active game phases and its relation with number of points played and players’ level. Sample was made up of 108 federated padel players (Average age = 33.81 ± 6.72 years old). A total of 4406 points corresponding to 27 padel matches were analyzed through systematic observation with the SAGIT system. Matches were divided into three levels of competition: high level (9 matches; 1158 points), medium level (9 matches; 1352 points) and low level (9 matches; 1044 points). The results showed that padel players covered an average distance of 11 meters per point and 2900 meters per game. This total distance is divided into 51% active phase (playing time) and 49% passive phase (rest time). The mid-level players recorded almost 400 meters more in the active phase than the high-level players and almost 900 meters more than the low-level players. In addition, number of points correlated positively and significantly with the distance covered by the players.

scholarly journals The role of wellbeing and wellness: A positive psychological model in supporting young people with ASCs

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Roncaglia
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

In the last 10 years sport psychology expanded its applicability in a variety of fields which have helped to address some of the challenges related to high level performance and sport competition. When we talk about performance in its wider sense, sport psychology is able to help develop a better understanding on how strategies can be adopted in improving general human performance levels. This includes increasing the knowledge of key concepts such as motivation, self-confidence and resilience. Furthermore performance in its wider sense helps in the understanding of the impact of stress and arousal and how these can affect both positively and negatively performance levels including appreciating individual differences as well as dynamics between groups of individuals. In this paper performance rather than solely be related to the field of competitive or professional sport has been discussed in people with ASCs and aims to explore how by adopting a positive psychological model in the formulation of individual assessments and subsequent interventions have led to improvement in individual skills, participation, engagement and ultimately quality of life. Positive psychological principles, such as the role of wellbeing and wellness, the PERMA Model has increased our understanding of human potentials, performance and wellbeing. The aim of this paper is to present and reflect on the applicability and benefits of adopting sport psychology models, the PERMA model and positive psychological principles in special education and care settings with the presentation and discussion of their theoretical and some practical implementation in two case studies.

scholarly journals Physiological and Anthropometric Determinants of Performance Levels in Professional Futsal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir Sekulic ◽  
Haris Pojskic ◽  
Ivan Zeljko ◽  
Miran Pehar ◽  
Toni Modric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
National Team ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Reactive Agility ◽  
High Level

There is an evident lack of studies examining the pursuit of excellence in futsal. The aims of this study were to evaluate anthropometric and physiological variables that may contribute to distinguishing among performance levels in professional futsal players and to evaluate correlates of those variables. The participants were 75 male professionals (age = 25.1 ± 5.1 years, body height = 182.3 ± 6.2 cm, body mass = 80.8 ± 10.4 kg), who were divided into performance levels using two criteria: (i) starters (first teams) vs. non-starters (substitutes) and (ii) top-level players (members of the national team and players who participated in top-level team competition in Europe) vs. high-level players (team players competing at the highest national competitive rank). Variables included anthropometrics (body height and mass, BMI, body fat percentage), generic tests of physiological capacities [5- and 10-m sprints, countermovement jump, broad jump, 20-yard test, reactive strength index (RSI)], and futsal-specific fitness tests [kicking speed by dominant and non-dominant leg, futsal-specific tests of change of direction speed, and reactive agility (FSRAG) involving/not involving dribbling the ball]. Top-level players outperformed high-level players in RSI, broad jump, kicking speed, and FSRAG involving dribbling. Starters achieved better results than non-starters in fewer variables, including kicking speed and RSI. Body fat percentage negatively influenced FSRAG involving dribbling, and RSI. FSRAG, RSI, and kicking speed were significantly correlated, indicating the similar physiological background of these capacities. The findings suggest that enhanced reactive strength and the ability to rapidly change direction speed in response to external stimulus while executing futsal-specific motor tasks (e.g., dribbling), along with players’ ability to kick the ball speedily, can be considered essential qualities required for advanced performance in futsal. Consequently, futsal strength and conditioning training should be targeted toward lowering relative body fat, maximizing lower-body reactive strength and including futsal-specific skills (e.g., dribbling, shooting) in reactive agility drills.

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