scholarly journals Nitrogen and boron nutrition in grafted watermelon II: Impact on nutrient accumulation in fruit rind and flesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252437
Author(s):  
Kemal Yalçın Gülüt ◽  
Ebru Duymuş ◽  
İlknur Solmaz ◽  
Ayfer Alkan Torun
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Nutrients Uptake ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fruit Rind

Turkey ranks second in watermelon (Citrullus lunatus L.) production globally and the highest production is witnessed for Çukurova plains the country. Although watermelon is extensively cultivated in the Çukurova region, studies on optimum nitrogen (N) and boron (B) doses for watermelon cultivation are quite limited. This study, evaluated the impact of increasing N (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg ha-1) and B (0 and 2 kg ha-1 B) doses on nutrient uptake in rind (exocarp) and flesh (endocarp) of watermelon fruit. Grafted watermelon variety ‘Starburst’, widely cultivated in the region was used as experimental material. The concentrations of different macro and micronutrients were analyzed from fruit rind and flesh. Individual and interactive effect of N and B doses significantly altered macro and micronutrients’ uptake in rind and flesh. Higher amounts of macro and micronutrients were accumulated in rind than flesh. Nutrients’ uptake was increased with increasing N doses, whereas B had limited impact. The accumulated nutrients were within the safe limits for human consumption. The N concentrations of rind and flesh increased with increasing N dose. Similarly, B concentration in rind and flesh and N concentration in rind significantly increased, while N concentration in flesh decreased with B application. It was concluded that 270 kg ha-1 N and 2 kg ha-1 B are optimum for better nutrient uptake in watermelon fruit. Thus, these doses must be used for watermelon cultivation in Çukurova plains of the country.

Correcting Misperceptions About Genetically Modified Food on Social Media: Examining the Impact of Experts, Social Media Heuristics, and the Gateway Belief Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 107554702098137
Author(s):  
Leticia Bode ◽  
Emily K. Vraga ◽  
Melissa Tully
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Consensus ◽  
Gm Food ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Impact

We experimentally test whether expert organizations on social media can correct misperceptions of the scientific consensus on the safety of genetically modified (GM) food for human consumption, as well as what role social media cues, in the form of “likes,” play in that process. We find expert organizations highlighting scientific consensus on GM food safety reduces consensus misperceptions among the public, leading to lower GM misperceptions and boosting related consumption behaviors in line with the gateway belief model. Expert organizations’ credibility may increase as a result of correction, but popularity cues do not seem to affect misperceptions or credibility.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Corporate Governance Index on Financial Performance in the Romanian and Italian Banking Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5535
Author(s):  
Marco Benvenuto ◽  
Roxana Loredana Avram ◽  
Alexandru Avram ◽  
Carmine Viola
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Banking Systems ◽  
Governance Index ◽  
The Impact

Background: Our study aims to verify the impact of corporate governance index on financial performance, namely return on assets (ROA), general liquidity, capital adequacy and size of company expressed as total assets in the banking sector for both a developing and a developed country. In addition, we investigate the interactive effect of corporate governance on a homogenous and a heterogeneous banking system. These two banking systems were chosen in order to assess the impact of corporate governance on two distinct types of banking system: a homogenous one such as the Romanian one and a heterogeneous one such as the Italian one. The two systems are very distinct; the Romanian one is represented by only 34 banks, while the Italian one comprises more than 350 banks. Thus, our research question is how a modification in corporate governance legislation is influencing the two different banking systems. The research implication of our study is whether a modification in legislation, thus in the index of corporate governance, is feasible for two different banking sectors and what the best ways to increase the financial performance of banks are without compromising their resilience. Methods: Using survey data from the Italian and Romanian banking systems over the period 2007–2018, we find that the corporate governance has a significant, positive and long-lasting effect on profitability and capital adequacy in both countries. Results: Taking the size of the company into consideration, the impact of the Index of Corporate Governance (ICG) on a homogenous banking system is positive while the impact on a heterogeneous banking system is negative. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence of the impact of IGC on financial performance and sheds light on the importance of the size of the company. Therefore, one can state that the corporate governance principles applied do not encourage the growth of large banks in heterogeneous banking sectors, thereby suggesting new avenues of research associated with new perspectives.

scholarly journals Acute care nurses’ perceptions of leadership, teamwork, turnover intention and patient safety – a mixed methods study

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Zaheer ◽  
Liane Ginsburg ◽  
Hannah J. Wong ◽  
Kelly Thomson ◽  
Lorna Bain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Senior Leadership ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Staff Perceptions ◽  
Leadership Support ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background This study contributes to a small but growing body of literature on how context influences perceptions of patient safety in healthcare settings. We examine the impact of senior leadership support for safety, supervisory leadership support for safety, teamwork, and turnover intention on overall patient safety grade. Interaction effects of predictors on perceptions of patient safety are also examined. Methods In this mixed methods study, cross-sectional survey data (N = 185) were collected from nurses and non-physician healthcare professionals. Semi-structured interview data (N = 15) were collected from nurses. The study participants worked in intensive care, general medicine, mental health, or the emergency department of a large community hospital in Southern Ontario. Results Hierarchical regression analyses showed that staff perceptions of senior leadership (p < 0.001), teamwork (p < 0.01), and turnover intention (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with overall patient safety grade. The interactive effect of teamwork and turnover intention on overall patient safety grade was also found to be significant (p < 0.05). The qualitative findings corroborated the survey results but also helped expand the characteristics of the study’s key concepts (e.g., teamwork within and across professional boundaries) and why certain statistical relationships were found to be non-significant (e.g., nurse interviewees perceived the safety specific responsibilities of frontline supervisors much more broadly compared to the narrower conceptualization of the construct in the survey). Conclusions The results of the current study suggest that senior leadership, teamwork, and turnover intention significantly impact nursing staff perceptions of patient safety. Leadership is a modifiable contextual factor and resources should be dedicated to strengthen relational competencies of healthcare leaders. Healthcare organizations must also proactively foster inter and intra-professional collaboration by providing teamwork educational workshops or other on-site learning opportunities (e.g., simulation training). Healthcare organizations would benefit by considering the interactive effect of contextual factors as another lever for patient safety improvement, e.g., lowering staff turnover intentions would maximize the positive impact of teamwork improvement initiatives on patient safety.

The impact of alternative dietary lipids on the in vitro bioaccessibility of sole fillets for human consumption

Aquaculture ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 474 ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Afonso ◽  
C. Cardoso ◽  
M. Freire ◽  
I.E. Silva ◽  
F. Linares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽  
The Impact

Could new information influence attitudes to foods supplemented with edible insects?

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (9) ◽  
pp. 2027-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Barsics ◽  
Rudy Caparros Megido ◽  
Yves Brostaux ◽  
Catherine Barsics ◽  
Christophe Blecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Edible Insect ◽  
Information Session ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
New Information ◽  
Gender Information ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Broader acceptance of entomophagy (i.e. human consumption of insects) will depend on factors that impact consumers’ perceptions of edible insects. The purpose of this paper is to examine how a broad-based information session would affect consumers’ perceptions and attitudes about an edible insect product. Design/methodology/approach During a taste testing session, preceded or followed by an information session about entomophagy, participants rated the organoleptic characteristics of two bread samples on nine-point hedonic scales. The two bread samples were identical, though one was faux-labelled as containing an insect product. Findings Generalised linear model (GLM) analysis showed effects of gender, information session exposure, entomophagy familiarity, and entomophagy experience on participants’ ratings of the samples. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney ranked sum tests showed that appearance, flavour, and overall liking were significantly better rated for the bread sample labelled as insect free by participants who attended the presentation a priori. Potential ways to improve information content and delivery in favour of encouraging dietary shifts are discussed. Practical implications This study shows that information about insect-based products could change consumers’ perceptions of such products. The results provide clues regarding how the food industry can adapt communication for target audiences. Originality/value Actual edible insect products were not used in this study. Paradoxically, it is the first to show the impact of an information session on the acceptability of edible insect products, by revealing participants’ perceptual expectations.

scholarly journals Request framing moderates the influence of affective images on charitable giving

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Genevsky ◽  
Brian Knutson ◽  
Carolyn Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Matching Effect ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
Donation Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractFundraising organizations face difficult decisions regarding how to construct solicitations for donations. While these aid requests often include multiple salient features, their interactive effect on donation behavior and the psychological mechanisms that underlie their combined influence remain unclear. In six studies utilizing online and laboratory samples, as well as hypothetical and real incentives, we examine whether and how request framing moderates the impact of positive and negative images on charitable giving. Across all studies and in a single-paper meta-analysis, the influence of affective images on giving was moderated by the valence of request framing, such that affectively matched features most effectively elicited donations. Further, donors’ experienced positive affect could account for this matching effect – even in cases of matched negative features. These findings suggest that organizations can increase the effectiveness of aid requests by focusing on the affective match of request features. This work integrates previously discrepant findings on the impact of affect on donations and holds both conceptual implications for how affect can influence giving and practical implications for organizations seeking to design optimally effective requests for aid.

scholarly journals Testing the Impact of Waste from Anaerobic Digestion (Enriched with an Organic Component) on the Quality of Agricultural Land

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Jana Kodymová ◽  
Miroslav Kyncl ◽  
Hana Švehláková ◽  
Magdaléna Bártková
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Component ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Waste from anaerobic digestion is considered as a mineral fertilizer and it is usually applied to agricultural land. The aim of our attempt was to enrich this waste from anaerobic digestion (digestate) with an organic component (in our case represented by haylage). For this purpose, we made different mixtures of digestate and haylage in different weight ratios. In the field trial, the effect of these mixtures on the soil, under standard agricultural conditions, was monitored. Selected accessible nutrients (P, K, Mg, Mn, Ca) and the amount of carbon and nitrogen in the soil were monitored. The results of the laboratory tests confirmed that the areas where the sowing and digestate mixtures were applied showed greater amounts of macro- and micronutrients in plant-accessible forms than the surface fertilized only with digestate or areas fertilized only with standard fertilizers.

Topsoil replacement depth and organic amendment effects on plant nutrient uptake from reclaimed natural gas wellsites

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Zvomuya ◽  
Francis J Larney ◽  
Olalekan O Akinremi ◽  
Reynald L Lemke ◽  
Vasile E Klaassen
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
South Central ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Cattle Feedlot

Sustained plant nutrient a vailability on reclaimed wellsites is critical to the successful restoration of crop productivity. This study evaluated topsoil replacement depth (TRD) (0, 50, 100, and 150% of mandatory TRD) and organic amendment [beef cattle feedlot manure, compost derived from straw-bedded cattle feedlot manure, wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) straw, alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) hay, and unamended control] effects on nutrient uptake by a wheat crop at three abandoned gas wellsites in south-central Alberta. Grain N uptake increased by 0.055 kg ha-1 for each percent increase in TRD, reflecting the corresponding linear increase in grain N concentration. Low carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio amendments, particularly compost and alfalfa, were the most effective for improving grain N concentration and uptake. Conversely, N concentration and uptake were lowest for the high C:N (53:1) wheat straw amendment. Reclamation programs should, therefore, consider incorporation of the low C:N alfalfa or compost in order to safeguard against N deficiency in the first 1–2 yr following reclamation. Our results also show that high P amendments, such as manure and compost, are better choices for improving P uptake by spring wheat. These results emphasize the importance of topsoil replacement and amendment quality (C:N ratio and P concentration) in ensuring adequate N and P supply in the 1–2 yr following reclamation. Based on this, compost appears to be the best single amendment for ensuring enhanced uptake of both N and P on reclaimed wellsites in the short term. Key words: Topsoil replacement; organic amendments; reclamation; nitrogen; phosphorus

Entrepreneurial intentions and perceived barriers to entrepreneurship among youth in Uttarakhand state of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Cultures ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of gender and regional cultures on entrepreneurial intentions and perceived barriers to entrepreneurship in two diverse regions of a state. Authors in the past have consistently expressed the need for studies on entrepreneurial intentions that would encompass both the gender and cultural dimensions, as there is a potential interactive effect between sex and culture, which remains largely unstudied despite its potential to provide an explanation for the contradictory findings that have emerged when either sex or culture was studied separately. Design/methodology/approach This is a quantitative study. The primary data were derived from the students of professional courses. The sampling method used was proportionate stratified sampling. The scales used were tested with regard to validity and reliability. The chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to draw relationships between the variables. Findings The findings indicated significant gender differences in perceptions of barriers and entrepreneurial intentions among youth. The findings also showed that the barrier perceptions and the entrepreneurial intentions between genders vary with change in culture at the regional level. Originality/value This paper adds to the very limited research available on perceived barriers and entrepreneurial intentions that focuses on the effect of gender from a cross-cultural perspective. This paper further contributes by testing the results in two culturally diverse regions of a single state of India, which has helped us understand the impact of regional cultures while controlling for the effects of the entrepreneurship support systems provided by the governments in different nations.

scholarly journals Dietary Proteins Relevant to Human Consumption Impact the Development of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Association with Major Changes in the Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model (OR27-03-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noëmie Daniel ◽  
Béatrice Choi ◽  
Vanessa Houde ◽  
Thibault Varin ◽  
Cecile Vors ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Animal models fed a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet are commonly used to study obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. While much attention is paid to the impact of fat and carbohydrates sources, very little consideration is given to the composition of dietary proteins. Indeed, casein is often the only source of protein in rodent's diet. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a dietary protein mix that is more relevant to typical intakes of proteins in humans and its influences on body weight gain, metabolic health and gut microbiota. Methods Our new diet contained a mix of 10 protein sources based on NHANES data that were incorporated into low-fat low-sucrose (LFLS) and HFHS diets. C57BL/6J mice were fed these diets or control diets containing identical amounts of casein as the only source of protein for 12 weeks. Feces were collected for gut microbiota investigation, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed and tissues were harvested for analysis of insulin signaling and mTOR/S6K1 activation. Results 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples showed that both LFLS and HFHS mice fed the protein mix had increased gut microbiota diversity, and significant changes in the relative abundance of several bacterial species (higher Adlercreutzia or Tyzzerella, lower Bacteroides or Akkermansia) as compared to mice fed casein only. Importantly, inclusion of the protein mix amplified the effects of the HFHS diet on the development of obesity, glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia as compared to casein-fed animals, whereas no difference was observed in the context of LFLS feeding. Evaluation of insulin signaling in the liver also revealed that the protein mix potentiated the effect of HFHS feeding on the mTORC1/S6K1 pathway, increasing inhibitory phosphorylation of IRS-1 on Ser1101 and leading to further impairment of Akt activation by insulin. Conclusions Our results reveal that compared to pure casein, feeding a protein mixture causes major changes in the gut microbiota profile and greater impact on HFHS-induced obesity and associated metabolic impairments. This study illustrates the importance of considering a diverse source of dietary proteins when using laboratory animal models to more reliably reproduce the development of metabolic syndrome in humans, and to enhance the clinical relevance of nutritional and therapeutic interventions. Funding Sources N/A.

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