scholarly journals Spatiotemporal characters and influence factors of hand, foot and mouth epidemic in Xinjiang, China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254223
Author(s):  
Shuman Sun ◽  
Zhiming Li ◽  
Xijian Hu ◽  
Ruifang Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Spatiotemporal Model ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Impact

Hand, foot and mouth (HFM) disease is a common childhood illness. The paper aims to capture the spatiotemporal characters, and investigate the influence factors of the HFM epidemic in 15 regions of Xinjiang province from 2008 to 2017, China. Descriptive statistical analysis shows that the children aged 0-5 years have a higher HFM incidence, mostly boys. The male-female ratio is 1.5:1. Through the scanning method, we obtain the first cluster high-risk areas. The cluster time is usually from May to August every year. A spatiotemporal model is proposed to analyze the impact of meteorological factors on HFM disease. Comparing with the spatial model, the model is more effective in terms of R2, AIC, deviation, and mean-square error. Among meteorological factors, the number of HFM cases generally increases with the intensity of rainfall. As the temperature increases, there are more HFM patients. Some regions are mostly influenced by wind speed. Further, another spatiotemporal model is introduced to investigate the relationship between HFM disease and socioeconomic factors. The results show that socioeconomic factors have significant influence on the disease. In most areas, the risk of HFM disease tends to rise with the increase of the gross domestic product, the ratios of urban population and tertiary industry. The incidence is closely related to the number of beds and population density in some regions. The higher the ratio of primary school, the lower the number of HFM cases. Based on the above analysis, it is the key measure to prevent and control the spread of the HFM epidemic in high-risk areas, and influence factors should not be ignored.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal variation and risk factor analysis of hand, foot, and mouth disease in children under 5 years old in Guangxi, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Genxin Song ◽  
Nan He ◽  
Shiyan Zhai ◽  
Hongquan Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Tertiary Industry ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Abstract Background Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) incidence is a critical challenge to disease control and prevention in parts of China, particularly Guangxi. However, the association between socioeconomic factors and meteorological factors on HFMD is still unclear. Methods This study applied global and local Moran’s I to examine the spatial pattern of HFMD and series analysis to explore the temporal pattern. The effects of meteorological factors and socioeconomic factors on HFMD incidence in Guangxi, China were analyzed using GeoDetector Model. Results This study collected 45,522 cases from 87 counties in Guangxi during 2015, among which 43,711 cases were children aged 0–4 years. Temporally, there were two HFMD risk peaks in 2015. One peak was in September with 7890 cases. The other appeared in May with 4687 cases of HFMD. A high-risk cluster was located in the valley areas. The tertiary industry, precipitation and second industry had more influence than other risk factors on HFMD incidence with explanatory powers of 0.24, 0.23 and 0.21, respectively. The interactive effect of any two risk factors would enhance the risk of HFMD. Conclusions This study suggests that precipitation and tertiary industry factors might have stronger effects on the HFMD incidence in Guangxi, China, compared with other factors. High-risk of HFMD was identified in the valley areas characterized by high temperature and humidity. Local government should pay more attention and strengthen public health services level in this area.

scholarly journals Pemetaan Area Berisiko Persampahan di Kota Cimahi Berdasarkan Pedoman Strategi Sanitasi Kabupaten/ Kota 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Fionita ◽  
Iwan Juwana
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Open Burning ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
Waste Solid ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

ABSTRAKKota Cimahi merupakan salah satu kota di Jawa Barat yang masih menghadapi permasalahan persampahan, seperti terbatasnya penerapan kegiatan pemilahan sampah, terbatasnya jumlah Tempat Penampungan Sementara (TPS), terjadi pembuangan sampah secara sembarangan ke sungai, terdapat penanganan sampah dengan cara dibakar dan ditimbun, dan lain-lain. Dalam menindaklanjuti berbagai permasalahan sampah tersebut serta mencapai target 30% pengurangan sampah yang ditentukan oleh Kebijakan Strategis Nasional (Jakstranas), maka diperlukan suatu instrumen yang mampu menganalisis area berisiko berdasarkan tingkat risiko persampahan per kelurahan di Kota Cimahi. Area berisiko tersebut digambarkan dalam bentuk peta dengan mengacu pada pedoman Strategi Sanitasi Kabupanen/Kota (SSK) 2018. Area berisiko dinilai melalui skor 1 s.d. 4 secara berturut-turut untuk risiko sangat rendah, rendah, tinggi, dan sangat tinggi. Skor tersebut diperoleh dengan mengalikan parameter Impact dan parameter Exposure. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat tiga kelurahan dengan risiko persampahan sangat tinggi, yaitu Kelurahan Cibeureum, Setiamanah, dan Padasuka serta satu kelurahan dengan risiko persampahan tinggi, yaitu Kelurahan Melong. Penambahan jumlah unit pengolahan direkomendasikan di beberapa kelurahan sehingga terjadi perubahan skor area berisiko.Kata Kunci: Kota Cimahi, Peta Area Berisiko, Persampahan ABSTRACTCimahi City is one of the cities in West Java that still faces solid waste problems, such as the limited implementation of waste sorting activities, the limited number of temporary shelter sites, the indiscriminate waste disposal on river, open burning of solid waste, etc. In following up on these various waste problems and achieving the target of 30% waste reduction determined by the National Strategic Policy, an instrument is needed to analyze risk areas based on the level of risk of solid waste per village in Cimahi City. These risk areas are depicted in the form of maps by referring to the 2018 District/City Sanitation Strategy Guidelines. Risk areas are assessed through a score of 1 s.d. 4 for very low, low, high and very high risks. The score is obtained by multiplying the Impact parameters and Exposure parameters. The results of this study indicate that there are three villages with very high risk of solid waste, namely Kelurahan Cibeureum, Setiamanah, and Padasuka and one village with high risk of solid waste, namely Kelurahan Melong. The addition of the number of processing units was recommended in several villages so that changes in the score of risk areas occurred. Keyword: Cimahi City, Map of Risk Areas, Waste Solid

scholarly journals PTSD Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Study Raises Concern for Non-medical Staff in Low-Risk Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruike Zhang ◽  
Tianya Hou ◽  
Xiangyu Kong ◽  
Guibin Wang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sleep quality and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms of healthcare workers (HCWs) and identify the determinants for PTSD symptoms among HCWs in high-risk and low-risk areas during the COVID-19 outbreak in China.Methods: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Impact of Event Scale were used to assess sleep quality and symptoms of PTSD of 421 Chinese HCWs, respectively, from January 30 to March 2, 2020. The influencing factors of PTSD symptoms were identified by univariate analysis and multiple regression.Results: The incidence of HCWs getting PTSD symptoms were 13.2%. HCWs from high-risk areas had significantly poorer sleep quality (p < 0.001). Poor sleep quality was the risk factor of PTSD symptoms for HCWs from high-risk (p = 0.018) and low-risk areas (p < 0.001). Furthermore, non-medical staff were found to be the risk factor for PTSD symptoms only in low-risk areas.Discussion: HCWs in Hubei had poorer sleep quality. Non-medical HCWs from low-risk areas were associated with more severe PTSD symptoms. Mental health programs should be considered for HCWs, especially those who are often overlooked.

scholarly journals Faktor Predisposisi Masyarakat Tetap Tinggal Di Wilayah Resiko Tinggi Bencana Di Kabupaten Garut

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Zahara Farhan ◽  
Tantri Puspita ◽  
Devi Ratnasari ◽  
Cyntia Rianasari
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Impact

Garut Regency is one of the areas that have the highest potential for disasters in West Java with the most frequent types of natural disasters, namely earthquakes, landslides, flash floods, and tsunamis. The impact of those disasters inflicts many casualties, infrastructure damage, loss of property, paralyzed life activities, and the emergence of various diseases. However, this does not affect the community to remain in high-risk areas due to several factors underlying the community to remain in the region such as; social factors, environmental factors, economic factors, and cultural factors. This study's aim was to find out the most dominant factors that motivate the community to remain in high-risk disaster areas in Garut Regency This study was used as a cross-sectional method with a sample of 120 families. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with logistic regression analysis. Spearman rank test results showed that social and economic factors were factors that have a community relationship still living in high-risk areas of disaster ( p values = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively), The logistic regression test results indicate that environmental factors were the most dominant factor for the community to remain living in a high-risk disaster area in Cibatu Sub-District, Garut Regency with a 2.265 Wald at a 95% significance level. Social factors were not proven to be the most dominant factors among the 4 other factors in the background of the community still living in high-risk areas of disaster in the District of Cibatu, Garut Regency.

Identifying High-risk Areas of Foot-and-mouth Disease Outbreak Using a Spatiotemporal Score Statistic: A Case of South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-500
Author(s):  
Son-Il Pak ◽  
Gyoungju Lee ◽  
Munsu Sin ◽  
Hyuk Park ◽  
JiYoung Park
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Score Statistic ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Risk Areas

The objective of this study is to identify high-risk areas of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in South Korea using nationwide data collected for the disease cases that occurred during the period from December 2014 to April 2015. High-risk areas of FMD occurrence are defined as local clusters or hot spots, where the frequency of disease occurrence is higher than expected. An issue in the FMD detection study is in identifying a spatial pattern deviated significantly from the expected value under the null hypothesis that no spatial process is investigated. While identifying geographic clusters is challenging to reveal the causes of disease outbreak, it is most useful to detect and monitor potential areas of risk occurrence and suggest a further in-depth investigation. This study extended a traditional score statistic (SC) that has limited to identify the spatial pattern by proposing a spatiotemporal score statistic (STSC) that incorporates a temporal component into the SC approach. STSC, a local spatial statistic, was utilized to detect clusters around the known foci with a latent period. This study demonstrated STSC could better exploit the advantage of the original SC and improve the cluster detection due to the latent time component. The empirical results of STSC are expected to provide more useful policy implications with agencies in charge of preventing and controlling the spread of epidemics when deciding where to concentrate the limited resources available.

scholarly journals Community perceptions and response to flood risks in Nyando District, Western Kenya

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hellen Nyakundi ◽  
Stephen Mogere ◽  
Isaac Mwanzo ◽  
Andre Yitambe
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Flood Risks ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Impact

In Kenya, the ability of local people to resist the impact of disasters has not been given adequate attention. A descriptive cross sectional study sought to investigate community perceptions and responses to flood risks in low and high risk areas of the Nyando District, Western Kenya. A total of 528 households, six government officials and have project managers of Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) were interviewed. Additionally, seven Focus Group Discussions(FGDs) involving three women, two male and two teacher groups were conducted. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Program. The Chi-square test was used to determine associations and di'erences between variables. In the study, 83% of the respondents were aware of Traditional Flood Knowledge (TFK) and 80% acknowledged its use. Perception of the risk is influenced by several variables, most notably past experience of major floods and having survived them. Residents in the high risk areas had signfficantly higher levels of awareness and use of traditional flood knowledge. they were more aware of the nature of the flood related health risks they were exposed to and appeared better prepared for future flood risk. They were, however, more dependent on external aid. On the other hand, residents living in the low risk area reported better success with their response mechanisms.

scholarly journals Modeling spatial and temporal transmission of foot-and-mouth disease in France: identification of high-risk areas

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 699-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud LeMenach ◽  
Judith Legrand ◽  
Rebecca F. Grais ◽  
Cécile Viboud ◽  
Alain-Jacques Valleron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Risk Areas

scholarly journals Mobility Restrictions and the Control of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Perrings ◽  
Baltazar Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Epidemic Size ◽  
First Response ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Final Epidemic Size ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

A recent study on the impact of mobility controls on the final size of epidemics by Espinoza, Castillo-Chavez, and Perrings (2020) found that mobility restrictions between areas experiencing different levels of disease risk and with different public health infrastructures do not always reduce the final epidemic size. Indeed, restrictions on the mobility of people from high-risk to low-risk areas can increase, not reduce, the total number of infections. Since the first response of many countries to the COVID-19 pandemic was to implement mobility restrictions, it is worth bearing in mind the implications of the Espinoza result when considering the effectiveness of such restrictions.

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