The technology of relating to the past and the conditions of memory

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
ALBRECHT FRITZSCHE
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Historic Memory ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Impact

Depending on the modality of the argument, memory can be a source of influence from an indeterminate past or a means of reference to the historical conditions of human life. The historic perspective is strongly related to the Enlightenment. Based on recent contributions to the philosophy of technology, which describe thinking in terms of tools and machines as a general human activity, historic memory can be interpreted as a technical approach to the past. Similar to the determinate operations in technology, the references to the past though the exhibits of museums, the contents of archives, and similar means dominate reflection about the past. The mind has to move around them. Nevertheless, they require additional effort to become usable in their function for memory. Technicians illustrate this effort in their role as enablers of tools and machines. Similarly, curators and archivists can be understood as enablers of relation to the past, in museums, archives, etc. The efforts of technicians can be categorized according to different concepts of rationality. In the discussion about memory, the impact of museums, archives, and other enabling circumstances for memory is yet rather unclear. The comparison with technology can serve as an inspiration for further research in this direction.

scholarly journals Agency, Responsibility, Selves, and the Mechanical Mind

Philosophies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Fiorella Battaglia
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
Extended Mind ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Person Perspective ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Third Person Perspective ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Moral issues arise not only when neural technology directly influences and affects people’s lives, but also when the impact of its interventions indirectly conceptualizes the mind in new, and unexpected ways. It is the case that theories of consciousness, theories of subjectivity, and third person perspective on the brain provide rival perspectives addressing the mind. Through a review of these three main approaches to the mind, and particularly as applied to an “extended mind”, the paper identifies a major area of transformation in philosophy of action, which is understood in terms of additional epistemic devices—including a legal perspective of regulating the human–machine interaction and a personality theory of the symbiotic connection between human and machine. I argue this is a new area of concern within philosophy, which will be characterized in terms of self-objectification, which becomes “alienation” following Ernst Kapp’s philosophy of technology. The paper argues that intervening in the brain can affect how we conceptualize the mind and modify its predicaments.

Wicked Interactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-49
Author(s):  
Heather Wiltse ◽  
Erik Stolterman ◽  
Johan Redström ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Wicked Problems ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Classic Theory ◽  
Technology And Design

The digital computational technologies that over the past decades have come to be fully integrated into nearly all aspects of human life have varying forms, scales, interactive mechanisms, functions, configurations, and interconnections. Much of this complexity and associated implications for human experience are, however, hidden by prevalent notions of ‘the computer’ as an object. In this paper, we consider how everyday digital technologies collectively mediate human experience, arguing that these technologies are better understood as fluid assemblages that have as many similarities with the infra-structural as they have properties typical for objects. We characterize these aspects in terms of ‘wicked interactions,’ drawing on and adapting the classic theory of wicked problems in design discourse that has similarly considered the complexity of interactions with and within other types of social infrastructure. In doing this we emphasize the need and the potential for building up connections between philosophy of technology and design discourse, with the hope that this might further the shared goals of understanding digital technologies and their consequences and determining how to act in relation to them and their design.

scholarly journals Cultural Ecosystem Services: The Case of Coastal-Rural Area (Nemunas Delta and Curonian Lagoon, Lithuania)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Lina Marcinkevičiūtė ◽  
Rasa Pranskūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Differentiation ◽  
Curonian Lagoon ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

The benefits or harms of external and internal consequences for the viability of ecosystems are revealed through the impact on the quality of human life. The issues of assessing these benefits or harms are significant for the whole society and are therefore analyzed from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The article seeks to theoretically examine the coherence between humans and ecosystems, ensuring the social and economic well-being of present and future generations in the context of cultural ecosystem services (CES). As well, the article seeks to present the empirical research, carried out on the possibilities of adapting human activities to CES in the specific area, i.e., coastal-rural area, evaluating the past, present and future CES potential in the Lithuanian coastal zone, Nemunas Delta and Curonian Lagoon in Lithuania. Elderships located near the Curonian Lagoon or within the protected area of the Nemunas Delta Regional Park were selected for the study. For this purpose, the empirical study involved representatives of different (public and private) sectors and stakeholders. The research was carried out in local tourism cultural centers and elderships with four group respondents (tourists, farmers, entrepreneurs, eldership employees). The research revealed the past and the current situation of CES potential and showed the possible CES potential future development directions. The article described the opportunities for the rural population (a potential supply of cultural ecosystems) to achieve diversification of economic activities and the needs of tourists (a potential demand for cultural ecosystems) to achieve service differentiation. Therefore, the recommendations have been formulated on how to exploit future CES of a specific territory by “employing” available natural resources, i.e., the ecosystems.

scholarly journals Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 5080
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Leska ◽  
Adriana Nowak ◽  
Ireneusz Nowak ◽  
Anna Górczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Colony Collapse Disorder ◽  
Important Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colony Collapse ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

Over the past two decades, there has been an alarming decline in the number of honey bee colonies. This phenomenon is called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Bee products play a significant role in human life and have a huge impact on agriculture, therefore bees are an economically important species. Honey has found its healing application in various sectors of human life, as well as other bee products such as royal jelly, propolis, and bee pollen. There are many putative factors of CCD, such as air pollution, GMO, viruses, or predators (such as wasps and hornets). It is, however, believed that pesticides and microorganisms play a huge role in the mass extinction of bee colonies. Insecticides are chemicals that are dangerous to both humans and the environment. They can cause enormous damage to bees’ nervous system and permanently weaken their immune system, making them vulnerable to other factors. Some of the insecticides that negatively affect bees are, for example, neonicotinoids, coumaphos, and chlorpyrifos. Microorganisms can cause various diseases in bees, weakening the health of the colony and often resulting in its extinction. Infection with microorganisms may result in the need to dispose of the entire hive to prevent the spread of pathogens to other hives. Many aspects of the impact of pesticides and microorganisms on bees are still unclear. The need to deepen knowledge in this matter is crucial, bearing in mind how important these animals are for human life.

scholarly journals Psychodynamic Study on the Works of Cecelia Ahern

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
V MeenaKumari ◽  
P Shelonitta
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Conscious Mind ◽  
The Past ◽  
Average Person ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Mind

Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytical theory originally developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in which Freud throws light into the “personality” of a human being. He gives a tripartite structure that involves a conscious (superego), pre-conscious (ego), and super-conscious (the ‘id’). These concepts and their explanations form the fundamentals of the psychoanalytical theory. This thesis will focus on “Resistance and Repression,” which is one among the many theories of psychoanalysis established by Freud. ‘Repression’ or also referred to as ‘Suppression’ by later psychologists, is the process of deliberately pushing out a painful thought, memory or feeling out of consciousness and becoming unaware of its existence, to which ‘Resistance’ acts as a safety measure by the mind in not giving entrance to certain painful memories into the conscious. Thisphenomenon plays a major role in the psyche of an average person as a “defense mechanism” to escape the anxiety that is caused by certain unacceptable concepts to the conscious mind. This thesis brings into light the psyche of the protagonist of Cecelia Ahern’s novel “Postscript,” who, throughout their life, represses painful events of the past, thus altering their decisions in life to a great extent. This work focuses on the behavioral patterns of the characters in the selected novels of study and the corresponding psychological traits that give an in-depth understanding of repression and its corresponding theories and their role in human life.

The philosophy of Neeltje Jans

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Arnold Cornelis
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
New Development ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Technological Means ◽  
The Mind

The name of Neeltje Jans comes from prehistoric times, born in the hidden Flemish and Dutch past, at the border of the Helle, now called the North Sea. The ‘hell’ (Helle, Houle, Ho¨lle, Holle, Harle) was the place of the dead, in the past, as the sea was the major cause of death. Neeltje Jans was the Gooddess of the sea, like Gai¨a was the mother of the earth. Neeltje Jans brought mythical security, stabilizing the emotion of anxiety in an unstable world without dikes and drainages. Rijkswaterstaat took over her role, producing security in living with water by technological means. Our twentieth century brought a technology that was admirable and powerful, but Neeltje Jans wept, as she had discovered that her intellectual child, called rationality, was blind-born. At first she kept her discovery secret, taking part in an unintended conspiracy of the twentieth century against the logic of feeling, which was called subjective and irrational. But blind rationality, pretending not to know what is quality and value, was going to loose the battle of the mind. In the recent development of the philosophy of technology, water is no longer an enemy, but a field of work for value and quality. This new development of Dutch water technology makes Neeltje Jans smile, her hidden logic has been recognized by the engineer and by a growing public encouragement. Almost half a million people come each year to share the promise of the philosophy of Neeltje Jans, along the line of the unconscious logic of feeling and without knowing consciously why. This paper intends to clear up the poetic mystery and the hidden steering of the logic of feeling behind the new technology of living with water.

scholarly journals The question of the human in the Anthropocene debate

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Chernilo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Tipping Point ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Two Stages

The Anthropocene debate is one of the most ambitious scientific programmes of the past 15 or 20 years. Its main argument is that, from a geological point of view, humans are considered a major force of nature, thus implying that our current geological epoch is dominated by human activity. The Anthropocene has slowly become a contemporary meta-narrative that seeks to make sense of the ‘earth-system’ as a whole, and one whose vision of the future is dystopian rather than progressive: as the exploitation of the planet’s natural resources reaches tipping point, the very prospects of the continuity of human life are being questioned. This article aims to explore the implicit notions of the human – indeed of the anthropos – that are being mobilized in the Anthropocene debate. It will proceed in two stages: first, the article will spell out the main arguments of the Anthropocene debate with a particular focus on trying to unpack its implicit ideas of the human. Second, it will use my approach to philosophical sociology to highlight some of the limitations and contradictions of the ideas of agency, reflexivity and responsibility that underpin the Anthropocene debate.

scholarly journals KONSTRUK EMOSI MARAH PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN

el-'Umdah ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
Miftah Ulya
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Emotional anger is an urgent and has an essential role in living human life, besides he is also praiseworthy as well as the nature and attitude to watch out for, because anger is also the most active role in things that are self-preservation, family, and other social communities. Anger emotions arise as a result of feelings of displeasure with people other than themselves, or certain objects that are closely related to the personality and inner experience experienced by someone. In the Qur'an the expression "human emotion" is very closely related to human behavior personally related to information aspects of the past, present or future. In the Koran no less than 13 times in the form of unequal derivatives, where anger is depicted and seen in human attitudes and behaviors that sometimes appear on the face, can be detected in verbal and nonverbal forms, angry with fa'ali, angry with the qalb fil , angry in terms of quelling evil and angry in terms of human expectations that are not achieved.Humans are required to know and minimize the nature of anger because of the impact it has on the lives of human beings both psychologically, sociologically and psychologically. But through the media remember Allah Almighty, through purification media with the nature of Husn al-zhan, patience, gratitude, forgiveness is a solution in controlling human angry emotions

Fluorescent potentiometric dyes for membrane-potential imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Loew
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excitable Systems ◽  
Major Application ◽  
The Impact

A major application of potentiometric dyes has been the multisite optical recording of electrical activity in excitable systems. After being championed by L.B. Cohen and his colleagues for the past 20 years, the impact of this technology is rapidly being felt and is spreading to an increasing number of neuroscience laboratories. A second class of experiments involves using dyes to image membrane potential distributions in single cells by digital imaging microscopy - a major focus of this lab. These studies usually do not require the temporal resolution of multisite optical recording, being primarily focussed on slow cell biological processes, and therefore can achieve much higher spatial resolution. We have developed 2 methods for quantitative imaging of membrane potential. One method uses dual wavelength imaging of membrane-staining dyes and the other uses quantitative 3D imaging of a fluorescent lipophilic cation; the dyes used in each case were synthesized for this purpose in this laboratory.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

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