scholarly journals Indebtedness and the road to monetary sovereignty following the international recognition of Montenegro in 1878

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 287-303
Author(s):  
Radoslav Raspopovic
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Independent State ◽  
The Road ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Scientific Research Work ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Made In

The paper is dedicated to furthering the research into different aspects of Montenegrin sovereign status gained the Congress of Berlin, with a focus on the country’s financial sovereignty. Becoming an independent state had great historical significance for Montenegro, marking the realisation of the centuries-old aspirations for liberation. Still, exercising sovereign power proved challenging for Montenegro as the country was still an underdeveloped, agrarian country with a high percentage of illiterate population, scarce human resources and modest economic opportunities. Aside from this, there were still many congressional restrictions to exercising the rights acquired by gaining access to the sea. The author seeks to determine the reasons for the high level of indebtedness, as well as the decisions made in trying to resolve the challenges in maintaining the country’s financial sovereignty. The author also touches upon the broader subject of the role of gold standard in international trade and argues to which extent Montenegro was able to adhere to this internationally accepted standard, having established its banking institutions and having introduced its own currency. Considering that this paper is a part of the scientific research work on the project ‘Montenegro on the political and cultural map of Europe’ (CLIO MAP), exhibiting the reasons for minting the first Montenegrin coin is but a way to examine a segment in exibiting the country’s sovereign status acquired at the Congress of Berlin.

scholarly journals Problems, essence and forms of students’ research activity organization in the system of higher education

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
Oksana Yurievna Brazhnik ◽  
Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Batrachenko
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Scientific Research Work ◽  
Work Intensification ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Competencies Development

This paper describes features of students research activities organization. The authors consider possibilities of research use while studying the courses of the variable part of the educational program. This paper focuses on the role of industrial practice in the implementation of research activities. The approximate content of practices programs, as well as the typology of tasks aimed at research work intensification is given. The authors emphasize the role of research activities for general professional and professional competencies development. The paper also considers peculiarities of estimation and ways of scientific-research work optimization while studying for the Masters degree. The conducted studies have shown that the assessment of competencies development can be carried out on various indicators, the following indicators are of fundamental importance: practical nature of scientific and innovative activity (participation in fundamental landscape and geographical research, modernization and creation of landscape programs of general scientific and applied importance), originality of the idea and creative approach, use of the latest technologies of landscape planning and design.

The role of driver reliability in road safety

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Signs ◽  
Psychophysiological State ◽  
Road Data

The driver of an automobile is the key part of the “driver–car–road–environment” system, the stable functioning of which determines the efficiency and safety of road traffic. The driver as the operator of the “driver –car–road–environment” system receives most of the information from the road, data from moving and standing objects, road signs, traffic lights, surface conditions and traffic conditions. An analysis of most traffic accidents shows that the weakest part of the “driver–car–road–environment" system, restricting its effectiveness and dependability, is the person. To ensure the necessary dependability and safety, the driver of any vehicle must be careful. This is supported by an appropriate psychophysiological state, which, in turn, depends on many factors. The article presents an analysis of research work taking into account the influence of various factors on the dependability of a vehicle driver. Means and methods of research are described. Recommendations are given on creating a stand for studying the influence of the psychophysiological state of the driver on road safety. Keywords Driver dependability; road traffic; automobile; traffic environment; road accidents; road safety

scholarly journals Assessing Labour Market Vulnerability among Young People

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-213
Author(s):  
Theo Sparreboom ◽  
Lubna Shahnaz
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Vulnerability Framework ◽  
Made In

Labour market performance in Pakistan has improved markedly in recent years. This paper examines the extent to which young people have benefited from this improvement, using the labour market vulnerability framework that was recently introduced by the ILO. This framework can be used to assess the difficulties young people face on the road to decent employment, and may also serve as a basis for the development of appropriate policies and interventions. Drawing on empirical evidence from various surveys, in particular the Labour Force Survey, we conclude that vulnerability among the youth has generally been reduced since 1999-2000. Vulnerability of women has been reduced through higher enrolment rates in education, and unemployment among both men and women has declined. Far less progress has been made in reducing vulnerability among the employed, and youth still face numerous obstacles that hamper the attainment of decent employment. The paper offers recommendations on the role of labour market information in reducing youth vulnerability. JEL classification: J40, J13 Keyword: Labour Market; Youth; Pakistan

Evolutionary Approaches to Innovation, the Firm, and the Dynamics of Industries

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-289
Author(s):  
Gino Cattani ◽  
Franco Malerba
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Evolutionary Strategies ◽  
Industry Dynamics ◽  
The Road ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectories ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Important Progress ◽  
Made In

We examine the progress of the evolutionary research on innovation, the firm, and the dynamics of industries in the last four decades. The paper acknowledges that the themes related to knowledge and technological regimes, the evolutionary processes leading to innovation, and the long-term dynamics of technologies have generated, and still remain, relevant research trajectories. The same can be said for the research trajectories on organizational and dynamic capabilities, evolutionary strategies, vertical integration, diversification, niche construction, and authority and power in organizations. Important progress has also been made in understanding the evolutionary trajectories of industries, the link between industry architecture and industry dynamics, the types of knowledge of entrants, the role of focal and vertical spinouts, the relevance of institutions and sectoral innovation systems in industry dynamics, and the catch-up process by firms from latecomer countries. We argue that future developments in the evolutionary camp should continue to be characterized by eclecticism and multidisciplinarity, as well as by the integration of different methodologies from cases to stylized facts, quantitative analyses, appreciative theorizing, and formal modelling. We conclude with an analysis of the main methodologies used by evolutionary scholars and a discussion of the road ahead.

Self-efficacy and workplace well-being: moderating role of sustainability practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1692-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Singh ◽  
Rabindra Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Nrusingh Prasad Panigrahy ◽  
Lalatendu Kesari Jena
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainability Practices ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose How psychological variables especially self-efficacy plays significant role to attain workplace well-being is yet to be explained. The extant literature calls for further research works in the field of sustainability practices to bridge the gap between self-efficacy and workplace well-being. The purpose of this paper is to extend the literature of workplace well-being while scientifically examining the moderating role of sustainability practices. Design/methodology/approach The study collected data from 527 full-time executives of Indian public and private manufacturing industries. The authors performed moderated regression analysis through a series of hierarchical models to test the hypotheses of the study. Findings The result indicates positive relationship between self-efficacy and workplace well-being. Furthermore, the result suggests that the relationship between self-efficacy and workplace well-being was stronger among executives with high level of sustainability practices and vice versa. Research limitations/implications The cross-sectional sample of executives employed in Indian manufacturing organizations limits the generalizability of the findings. Practical implications HR functionaries and senior management may benefit by closely examining their sustainability practices along with their employees perceived ability to address workplace well-being. Originality/value The study contributes to extend the literature on self-efficacy and workplace well-being. This research work is one of the first few studies to examine the moderating effect of sustainability practices.

scholarly journals The place and role of intellectual property in education

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Žaklina Spalević ◽  
Miloš Ilić ◽  
Miloš Đunić
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Intellectual Work ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Scientific Research Work

Modern times place great emphasis on workscreated as a product of the intellectual work of individuals orgroups. At the same time, there is an increasing abuse of bothintellectual property rights and the degree of protection thatintellectual property offers. The educational process as well asthe scientific research work which is an integral part of theeducational process in many cases form the basis for theemergence of new intellectual works. The acts thus createdremain in most cases the intellectual property of the educationalinstitutions within which they were created. The degree ofprotection introduced in this way is also a restriction for thepeople who worked to develop the work in question. It is for thesereasons that the aim of this paper is to look at the position ofintellectual property created in the education system, as well asthe advantages and disadvantages of such works.

scholarly journals Information-communications Competencies of Teachers as a Requirement of Contemporary Teaching and the Lifelong Learning Concept

2021 ◽  
pp. 273-298
Author(s):  
Merjem Sušić
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Public Higher Education ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Research Work ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
Learning Concept

This article aimed to make a theoretical review of the importance of ICT education of teachers in service of preparation for more efficient performances required by their profession in the context of general globalization changes they are exposed to. In that sense, a review of the advantages of ICT utilization and the requirements of lifelong learning which sets informatical skills as an imperative had been presented, emphasizing the role of teachers, since it requires working on self-improvement, as well as directing others towards competent, critically observed and purposeful usage of modern technological achievements. Some of the priorities for the development of higher education in B&H have been presented, where in the context of scientific research work for the 2016-2026 period, providing all of the public higher education institutions with ICT equipment is planned, which indicates that the teachers working in these institutions must possess the competencies for their utilization, especially because institutions of higher education should play the role of one of the main promoters of lifelong learning.

scholarly journals Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Mégarbane ◽  
Mathieu Oberlin ◽  
Jean-Claude Alvarez ◽  
Frederic Balen ◽  
Sébastien Beaune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recreational Drug ◽  
Médecine D’Urgence ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Drug Poisoning ◽  
Epidemiological Changes ◽  
Evidence Grade ◽  
Strong Consensus ◽  
High Level ◽  
Made In

Abstract Background Poisoning is one of the leading causes of admission to the emergency department and intensive care unit. A large number of epidemiological changes have occurred over the last years such as the exponential growth of new synthetic psychoactive substances. Major progress has also been made in analytical screening and assays, enabling the clinicians to rapidly obtain a definite diagnosis. Methods A committee composed of 30 experts from five scientific societies, the Société de Réanimation de Langue Française (SRLF), the Société Française de Médecine d’Urgence (SFMU), the Société de Toxicologie Clinique (STC), the Société Française de Toxicologie Analytique (SFTA) and the Groupe Francophone de Réanimation et d’Urgences Pédiatriques (GFRUP) evaluated eight fields: (1) severity assessment and initial triage; (2) diagnostic approach and role of toxicological analyses; (3) supportive care; (4) decontamination; (5) elimination enhancement; (6) place of antidotes; (7) specificities related to recreational drug poisoning; and (8) characteristics of cardiotoxicant poisoning. Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) questions were reviewed and updated as needed, and evidence profiles were generated. Analysis of the literature and formulation of recommendations were then conducted according to the GRADE® methodology. Results The SRLF-SFMU guideline panel provided 41 statements concerning the management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning. Ethanol and chemical poisoning were excluded from the scope of these recommendations. After two rounds of discussion and various amendments, a strong consensus was reached for all recommendations. Six of these recommendations had a high level of evidence (GRADE 1±) and six had a low level of evidence (GRADE 2±). Twenty-nine recommendations were in the form of expert opinion recommendations due to the low evidences in the literature. Conclusions The experts reached a substantial consensus for several strong recommendations for optimal management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning, mainly regarding the conditions and effectiveness of naloxone and N-acetylcystein as antidotes to treat opioid and acetaminophen poisoning, respectively.

THE ROLE OF BANKING INNOVATIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF BANK COMPETITIVENESS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Lintur ◽  
◽  
Mariia-Monika Hladynets ◽  
Vladyslav Myhovych ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level

The article summarizes the theoretical foundations and defines the role of banking innovations in the system of ensuring the competitiveness of banks. It has been found that in recent years there has been a trend in the banking sector, which indicates that the traditional business model of the bank, based on a regionally branched network of branches, is becoming increasingly inefficient, as rising costs are not supported by rising efficiency. It is noted that banks are sensitive to the process of economic instability, which manifests itself as a loss of financial stability, reduction and deterioration of customer base due to falling solvency, on the one hand, and loss of confidence - on the other, which collectively affects financial performance and competitiveness . It is outlined that in such circumstances banks face an important task of forming a strategy to increase competitiveness, which will ensure not only maintaining but also strengthening market positions through a clear understanding of the structure and dynamics of the financial services market in general and its banking segment in particular. The study emphasizes that innovation as a field of activity, and hence banking innovation in particular, is actively developing. The relevance of new implementations and ideas, especially those already used by foreign banking institutions, and still little known in our country, as opportunities to ensure a high level of bank competitiveness, has been studied. Accordingly, the study highlights the exceptional role of bank investment in the system of ensuring the competitiveness of the bank. Therefore, further research in this direction is important, because the introduction of banking innovations is a very dynamic process. In addition, not all innovative solutions become widespread, and successful banking innovative solutions in some countries may go unnoticed in others.

scholarly journals The organization of scientific research work in the system of continuing education

New Collegium ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (104) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
O. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Ukrainian Academy ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Scientific Research Work

The article considers the place and role of the system of continuing education in modern society, its components and manifestations. Scientific research work is highlighted as a key component of the continuing education model. The article describes scientific research work within the framework of the “school-university” system and specific features of its organization as exemplified by the educational and scientific complex Kharkiv University of Humanities “People’s Ukrainian Academy”. The structural elements that effectuate the system of the organization of scientific research activities of all the participants in the educational process in “People’s Ukrainian Academy” are highlighted. The specific features and key achievements in the scientific work of Kharkiv University of Humanities “People’s Ukrainian Academy” — an educational and scientific complex of continuing education — are presented. The role of scientific schools and laboratories in the formation of scientific research work at the Academy, the mechanism of their formation and functioning as well as the peculiarities of scientific work at the Academy as an experimental educational institution that implements a social experiment at the regional level in accordance with the pressing challenges of our time have been pointed out. The influence of the system of the organization of scientific work in the system of continuing education on its effectiveness and involvement of all the participants in the educational process has been described.

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