scholarly journals Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the oxidative burst of neutrophils in pigs and ruminants

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934-1939
Author(s):  
Francesco Mosca ◽  
Abigail R. Trachtman ◽  
Jasmine Hattab ◽  
Giuseppe Marruchella ◽  
Pietro G. Tiscar
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Oxidative Burst ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background and Aim: Neutrophils represent between 20% and 75% of white blood cells in animals and play a key role in an effective immune response. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is commonly referred to as an oxidative burst and is crucial under healthy and disease conditions. Interestingly, ROS are emerging as regulators of several neutrophil functions, including their oxidative burst. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the oxidative burst of neutrophils, collected from domestic animal species (namely, pig, cattle, and sheep), and exposed to different stimuli. Materials and Methods: A total of 65 slaughtered animals were included in the present study: Twenty-two pigs, 21 cattle, and 22 sheep. Blood samples were collected at bleeding and neutrophils were then purified using ad hoc developed and species-specific protocols. Neutrophils were treated with hydrogen peroxide at micromolar-to-millimolar concentrations, alone, or combined with other stimuli (i.e., opsonized yeasts, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate). The generation of ROS was evaluated using a luminol-derived chemiluminescence (CL) assay. For each animal species, data were aggregated and reported as mean area under curve±standard deviation. Finally, data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Results: Exposure of bovine and ovine neutrophils to hydrogen peroxide alone resulted in a dose-dependent enhancement of the CL response, which was significantly stronger at its highest concentration and proved particularly prominent in sheep. Opsonized yeasts and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate both proved capable of stimulating the generation of ROS in all animal species under study. Hydrogen peroxide negatively modulated the oxidative burst of neutrophils after exposure to those stimuli, observed response patterns varying between pigs and ruminants. Porcine neutrophils, pre-exposed to micromolar concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, showed a decreased CL response only to opsonized yeasts. Conversely, pre-exposure to hydrogen peroxide reduced the CL response of ruminant neutrophils both to yeasts and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, the effect being most prominent at 1 mM concentration. Conclusion: These results indicate that hydrogen peroxide is capable of modulating the oxidative bursts of neutrophils in a species-specific and dose-dependent manner, substantial differences existing between pigs and ruminants. Further investigation is required to fully comprehend such modulation, which is crucial for the proper management of the generation of ROS under healthy and disease conditions.

scholarly journals Evolution of species-specific major seminal fluid proteins in placental mammals by gene death and positive selection

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Meslin ◽  
Michel Laurin ◽  
Isabelle Callebaut ◽  
Xavier Druart ◽  
Philippe Monget
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Seminal Fluid Proteins ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Complex Substance

The seminal fluid is a complex substance composed of a variety of secreted proteins and has been shown to play an important role in the fertilisation process in mammals and also in Drosophila. Several genes under positive selection have been documented in some rodents and primates. Our study documents this phenomenon in several other mammalian taxa. We study the evolution of genes that encode for 20 proteins that are quantitatively predominant in the seminal fluid of at least one out of seven domestic animal species. We analyse the amino acid composition of these proteins for positive selection and for the presence of pseudogenes. Genes that disappeared through pseudogenisation include KLK2 in cattle, horse and mice. Traces of positive selection are found in seven genes. The identified amino acids are located in regions exposed to the protein surface, suggesting a role in the interaction of gametes, with possible impact on the process of speciation. Moreover, we found no evidence that the predominance of proteins in seminal fluid and their mode of evolution are correlated, and the uncoupled patterns of change suggest that this result is not due solely to lack of statistical power.

Biomarker for Benzopyrene Exposure Is Mitochondrial Mass and Mitochondrial DNA Copy in Blood Cells and Hematopoietic Tissues

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 4889-4889
Author(s):  
Myung-Geun Shin ◽  
Hye-Ran Kim ◽  
Hyun-Jung Choi ◽  
Hwan-Young Kim ◽  
Dong-Kyun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mtdna Copy Number ◽  
Mitochondrial Mass ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Abstract 4889 Benzopyrenes are well known pollutants and carcinogens. They can intercalate into DNA and interfere transcriptions, resulting in causing various human diseases. However, biomarkers of benzopyrene toxicity have not been comprehensively studied in blood and leukemia cells. The current study was investigated to discover biomarkers for benzopyrene exposure in blood cells and leukemia cell lines. Peripheral blood, peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell and leukemia cells (THP-1, K562, Molt-4 and HL-60) were cultured in RPMI 1640 media with adding 0, 50, 100 and 200μM of benzopyrene. Viability and apoptosis were assessed by tryptophan blue dye exclusion test and flowcytometry using annexin V. Hydrogen peroxide was measured using enzyme immunoassay. Mitochondrial mass, membrane potential and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number were measured using MitoTracker Green, Red probes and real time PCR, respectively. The number of cell remained constant for three weeks culture. Viability of four cell lines disclosed significant decrease after two weeks of benzopyrene treatment. Apoptosis was increased in time- and dose-dependent manner after two weeks of benzopyrene treatment. Mitochondrial contents and membrane potentials were dramatically increased in three-week culture at dose dependent manner. Hydrogen peroxide level was significantly elevated after two weeks treatment of benzopyrene compared to non-benzopyrene treatment group. The number of mtDNA copy increased gradually after exposure to benzopyrene. These results indicated that increased mitochondrial mass and mtDNA copy number were biomarkers for direct exposure of benzopyrene in blood cells and hematopoietic tissues. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Amaranth Leaf Extract Protects Against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidative Stress in Drosophila Melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnmark Ndinawe ◽  
Hellen W. Kinyi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract ObjectiveAmaranths leaves are rich in ascorbic acid and polyphenol compounds which have antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate their in vivo antioxidant activity. The effect of consumption of Amaranth leaf extract on in vivo antioxidant activity, catalase enzyme activity and H2O2 induced oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster flies was assessed.ResultsConsumption of Amaranth leaf extract was associated with increased survival on exposure to H202 in a dose dependent manner in Drosophila melanogaster flies.

scholarly journals Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induces leukemic but not normal hematopoietic cell death in a dose-dependent manner

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Nogueira-Pedro ◽  
Thalyta Aparecida Munhoz Cesário ◽  
Carolina Dias ◽  
Clarice Silvia Taemi Origassa ◽  
Lilian Piñero Marcolin Eça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dose Dependent

scholarly journals Effects of Low-Dose versus High-Doseγ-Tocotrienol on the Bone Cells Exposed to the Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizar Abd Manan ◽  
Norazlina Mohamed ◽  
Ahmad Nazrun Shuid
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Dose Dependent

Oxidative stress and apoptosis can disrupt the bone formation activity of osteoblasts which can lead to osteoporosis. This study was conducted to investigate the effects ofγ-tocotrienol on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes activities, and apoptosis of osteoblast exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Osteoblasts were treated with 1, 10, and 100 μM ofγ-tocotrienol for 24 hours before being exposed to 490 μM (IC50) H2O2for 2 hours. Results showed thatγ-tocotrienol prevented the malondialdehyde (MDA) elevation induced by H2O2in a dose-dependent manner. As for the antioxidant enzymes assays, all doses ofγ-tocotrienol were able to prevent the reduction in SOD and CAT activities, but only the dose of 1 μM of GTT was able to prevent the reduction in GPx. As for the apoptosis assays,γ-tocotrienol was able to reduce apoptosis at the dose of 1 and 10 μM. However, the dose of 100 μM ofγ-tocotrienol induced an even higher apoptosis than H2O2. In conclusion, low doses ofγ-tocotrienol offered protection for osteoblasts against H2O2toxicity, but itself caused toxicity at the high doses.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas aeruginosa prioritizes detoxification of hydrogen peroxide over nitric oxide

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darshan M. Sivaloganathan ◽  
Mark P. Brynildsen
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Nitric Oxide Detoxification ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Objective Bacteria are exposed to multiple concurrent antimicrobial stressors within phagosomes. Among the antimicrobials produced, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide are two of the most deleterious products. In a previous study, we discovered that when faced with both stressors simultaneously, Escherichia coli prioritized detoxification of hydrogen peroxide over nitric oxide. In this study, we investigated whether such a process was conserved in another bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results P. aeruginosa prioritized hydrogen peroxide detoxification in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, hydrogen peroxide detoxification was unperturbed by the presence of nitric oxide, whereas larger doses of hydrogen peroxide produced longer delays in nitric oxide detoxification. Computational modelling revealed that the rate of nitric oxide consumption in co-treated cultures was biphasic, with cells entering the second phase of detoxification only after hydrogen peroxide was eliminated from the culture.

Hydrogen peroxide induces apoptotic-like cell death in Microcystis aeruginosa (Chroococcales, Cyanobacteria) in a dose-dependent manner

Phycologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Ding ◽  
Nanqin Gan ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Bojan Sedmak ◽  
Lirong Song
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dose Dependent

Protective effect of grape seed extracts on human lymphocytes: a preliminary study

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yim Tong Szeto ◽  
Kit Yee Lee ◽  
Wouter Kalle ◽  
Sok Cheon Pak
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Grape Seed Extracts ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Oxidant Effect ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Seed Extracts

Grape seed extracts (GSEs) possess a broad spectrum of antioxidative properties that protects various cells from free radicals and oxidative stress. In this study, the genoprotective effect of GSE on human lymphocytic DNA was studied using standard and lysed cell comet assays. Lymphocytes from 5 healthy subjects were pretreated with GSE in different concentrations. The standard and lysed cell comet assays were performed on treated, untreated, challenged, and unchallenged cells in parallel. Cells were then subjected to an oxidant challenge induced with 5-min exposures to hydrogen peroxide. In the standard comet assay, GSE significantly diminished hydrogen-peroxide-induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. In the lysed cell assay, however, the antioxidant effect was diminished at a higher GSE concentration. Data indicate that the cell membrane might play a role in limiting cellular access to antioxidants, which directly affects the genoprotective or potential pro-oxidant effect of antioxidants on human DNA. Using both standard and lysed cell comet assays in parallel could be a useful way to elucidate the mechanism of protection or damage by antioxidants.

LEYDIG CELL STEROID PRODUCTION IN THE PRESENCE OF LH IS FURTHER STIMULATED BY RAT TESTICULAR FLUID, FETAL CALF SERUM AND BOVINE FOLLICULAR FLUID, BUT NOT BY RAT AND BOVINE SERUM

1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. R17-R20 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Melsert ◽  
F.F.G. Rammerts
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Fetal Calf Serum ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT LH-dependent steroid production by isolated rat Leydig cells is fourfold stimulated by the addition of charcoal–stripped rat testicular fluid. Fetal calf serum and bovine follicular fluid have similar stimulatory effects. In contrast, rat and bovine serum suppress steroid production in the presence of LH in a dose–dependent manner. The results show that stimulatory and inhibitory factors can modulate Leydig cell steroidogenesis and these factors appear not to be organ or species specific.

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