Zoonotic diseases appeared to be a major hurdle to successful deer farming in Bangladesh

Background and Aim: Due to the diversified lifestyle and fancy ecology associated with Chitra deer (Axis axis), deer farming has become popular in Bangladesh. Diseases may be the common constrain of successful deer farming. This study aims to investigate the pathological, bacteriological, and nucleic acid based technologies to identify specific causes of morbidity and mortality of captive deer. Materials and Methods: Two deer farms and a park deer (designated as farm A, B, and C) entailing 87, 54, and 20 deer, respectively, showed illness and death constitute the study materials. A total of 42 deer died during this investigation. Following death, routine post-mortem examination, histopathology, impression smear staining, isolation, and identification of bacteria were carried out. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription PCR were carried out to safeguard the etiology. Results: Clinically, farm A and B showed the acute phase of illness and park deer showed chronic illness. Case fatality rates were 90%, 92%, and 100% in farms A, B, and C deer, respectively. Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus pneumoniae were identified from the visceral organs of farm A deer. Farm B deer was infected with Clostridium perfringens type A. Park deer was infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and hydatid cyst. Conclusion: The infectivity in farm A deer was due to stress as induced by punishing weather. The infectivity in farm B deer was due to feeding a higher volume of protein in the diet. The park C deer may optate infection from companion man and animals living around. The diseases of captive deer identified mainly were zoonotic. It needs extensive veterinary services and specialized technologies to identify these diseases, monitor the infectivity and eliminate the public health important diseases at early onset.

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Isolation and identification of bacteria associated with fermentation of melon seed for Ogiri Sold in Owerri, Nigeria

Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/msarr.2021.3.1.0067 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 057-061

Author(s):

Joy Nkeiruka Dike-Ndudim ◽

Chizaram Winners Ndubueze ◽

Juliet Chidinma Ezihe ◽

Emeka Okechukwu

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Public Health Importance ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Public Health Implication ◽

The Public ◽

Food Borne ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Identification Of Bacteria ◽

Food Condiments ◽

Melon Seeds

In order to ascertain the public health implication of the consumption of the fermented melon (Cucumismelo), known as Ogiri, consumed in all South Eastern Nigeria and beyond as a food condiment, thirty samples of locally fermented melon seeds, Ogiri, were randomly purchased from three markets in Owerri metropolis in Imo State. These samples were microbiologically analysed using pour plate technique on nutrient agar, MacConkey and Salmonella Shigella agar at 370C for 24 hours. The viable and mean counts were determined and the data obtained were statistically analyzed. There was no significant difference between the contamination of the samples (p>0.05). These organisms, following the order of predominance were isolated; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. The presence of these microorganisms of public health importance in food condiments pose a risk of enteritis and other food borne diseases in some individuals after its intake. Thus, the health organizations should embark on public and personal enlightenment programs targeted at both the producer and the consumer.

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Bacteriological investigation of pyometra of Black Bengal goats obtained at slaughter

Bangladesh Veterinarian ◽

10.3329/bvet.v36i1-2.55744 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

ABMJ Uddin ◽

M Nooruzzaman ◽

T Akter ◽

MAHNA Khan ◽

MM Hossain

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Species ◽

Capra Hircus ◽

Mixed Infections ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Bacteriological Investigation ◽

Identification Of Bacteria ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline

Nine uteri of Black Bengal goats (Capra hircus) affected with pyometra were collected from three slaughterhouses at Kishoreganj district of Bangladesh. Both horns of each uterus were washed with phosphate buffered saline for isolation and identification of bacteria and its load. The bacterial loads in the uterus were high, ranging between 1 × 107 and 2.8 × 107. Six different bacterial species were identified and confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). There were five Escherichia coli, six Streptococcus sp., five Staphylococcus sp, one Salmonella sp., one Pasteurella sp. and one Bacillus sp. All had mixed infections containing two or three types of bacterial pathogens. Further studies are needed for the virulence determination and antibiogram profiles. The Bangladesh Veterinarian (2019) 36(1 - 2): 1-7

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Investigation of duck plague virus in hoar areas of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Livestock Research ◽

10.3329/bjlr.v26i1-2.49939 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1-2) ◽

pp. 73-78

Author(s):

A Hossen ◽

MH Rahman ◽

MZ Ali ◽

MA Yousuf ◽

MZ Hassan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cytopathic Effect ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Duck Plague Virus ◽

Pcr Method ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

The Individual ◽

Free Ranging

Duck plague (DP) is the most important infectious disease of geese, ducks and free-ranging water birds. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of duck plague virus followed by isolation and identification. For these purposes, a total of 155 cloacal swabs samples were collected randomly from duck of different haor areas of Bangladesh including 45 (41 surveillance and 4 clinical) samples from Netrokona; 42 (40 surveillance and 2 clinical) samples from Kishoregonj; 30 samples from Brahmanbaria and 38 samples from Sunamganj. The samples were processed and pooled (1:5 ratio) for initial screening of target polymerase gene of duck plague virus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. All the samples of a positive pool were then tested individually for identifying the individual positive samples. The result showed that out of 155 samples, 41 (26.45%) were found positive in which 17 were from Netrokona, where 15 (36.58%) were from surveillance samples and 2 (50%) were from clinical sample; 16 were from Kishoregonj, where 14 (35%) were from surveillance samples and 2 (100%) were from clinical sample; 2 (6.6%) were from Brahmanbaria and 5 (13.15%) were from Sunamganj. These positive samples were inoculated into 9-10 days embryonated duck eggs (EDE) through chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) route for the isolation of virus. The EDE died earlier was also chilled, and in a similar way, the CAMs were collected and again performed PCR for id entification of virus. Out of 41 PCR positive samples, 26 samples were isolated and reconfirmed by PCR. Subsequently, DPV was isolated in primary duck embryo fibroblasts cell culture and confirmed by observing cytopathic effect (CPE). Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 26 (1&2), 2019: P. 73-78

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Isolation And Identification Of Bacteria Associated With Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus From Hail Region, Northern Saudi Arabia

Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications ◽

10.21786/bbrc/12.2/9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 258-265

Author(s):

Naimah Asid Alanazi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽

Red Palm Weevil ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Palm Weevil ◽

Identification Of Bacteria

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Molecular Detection of Bacterial Pathogens Directly from the Nasal Swabs and Lung Tissue of Sheep and Goats

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.15.2.6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (02) ◽

pp. 22-25

Author(s):

Sunaina Thakur ◽

Subhash Verma ◽

Prasenjit Dhar ◽

Mandeep Sharma

Keyword(s):

Pasteurella Multocida ◽

Direct Detection ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Histophilus Somni ◽

Nasal Swabs ◽

Mycoplasma Spp

Respiratory infections of sheep and goats cause heavy morbidity and mortality, leading to huge economic losses. Conventional methods of diagnosis that include isolation and identification of incriminating microbes are time-consuming and fraught with logistic challenges. Direct detection of incriminating microbes using molecular tools is gaining popularity in clinical, microbiological settings. In this study, a total of 50 samples (44 nasal swabs and 6 lung tissues) from sheep and goats were screened for the detection of different bacterial species by in vitro amplification of genus or species-specific genes. Histophilus somni was detected in 2% goat samples, Trueperella pyogenes in 20% goat nasal swabs, whereas 22% goat nasal swab samples were found positive for Mycoplasma spp. None of the samples from sheep was detected positive for H. somni, T. pyogenes, Mycoplasma spp. Similarly, all samples, irrespective, whether from sheep or goats, showed negative results for Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.

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COVID-19 and pregnancy – where are we now? A review

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2020-0132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 428-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Aleksandra Rajewska ◽

Wioletta Mikołajek-Bedner ◽

Joanna Lebdowicz-Knul ◽

Małgorzata Sokołowska ◽

Sebastian Kwiatkowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Fatality ◽

Fetal Distress ◽

Delivery Mode ◽

Test Results ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Third Trimester ◽

The Third ◽

Laboratory Test Results ◽

Protective Antibodies ◽

Polymerase Chain

AbstractThe new acute respiratory disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious. It has caused many deaths, despite a relatively low general case fatality rate (CFR). The most common early manifestations of infection are fever, cough, fatigue and myalgia. The diagnosis is based on the exposure history, clinical manifestation, laboratory test results, chest computed tomography (CT) findings and a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy is not already clear. There is no evidence that pregnant women are more susceptible than the general population. In the third trimester, COVID-19 can cause premature rupture of membranes, premature labour and fetal distress. There are no data on complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection before the third trimester. COVID-19 infection is an indication for delivery if necessary to improve maternal oxygenation. Decision on delivery mode should be individualised. Vertical transmission of coronavirus from the pregnant woman to the fetus has not been proven. As the virus is absent in breast milk, the experts encourage breastfeeding for neonatal acquisition of protective antibodies.

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Anosmia as a Screening Tool for COVID-19 Infection: A Prospective Cohort Study

Dubai Medical Journal ◽

10.1159/000517483 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Esra AlHamadani ◽

Sania Zia ◽

Ali AlRahma ◽

Firas AlNajjar

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Index Finger ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

The Public ◽

Single Center Study ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Low Sensitivity

Objectives: Several studies promoted anosmia as a possible isolated symptom for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). No studies used feasible methods of smell testing that the public would use to address the accuracy of these claims. Methods: This is a single-center study conducted between April 2020 and June 2020. The sense of smell was tested in vitally stable suspected COVID-19 patients with no/mild upper respiratory tract infection symptoms prior to nasopharyngeal swabbing for reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Patients were instructed to close their eyes. Each nostril was tested separately while the other was blocked with the patient’s index finger. Patients inhaled from 2 concealed vials (coffee and strawberry essence) consecutively, kept within 30 cm of the nostril for 60 s. Patients who could not identify both odors with both nostrils were recorded as “anosmia.” Results: Out of 346 eligible subjects, 43 had anosmia of which 26 (60%) tested COVID-19 positive. χ2 test showed a p value <0.001. The test showed a sensitivity of 30% (95% confidence interval [CI] 21%, 41%) and specificity 94% (95% CI 90%, 96%). Logistic regression revealed an odds ratio of 5.9 (95% CI 3.0, 12) p value <0.001. Conclusion: Given the low sensitivity (30%) of this method in detecting COVID-19 infection, we conclude that this method is not a useful screening tool for COVID-19 infection. The moderate negative predictive value (80%) is nongeneralizable.

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