scholarly journals THE APPLICATION OF TRANSFER KNOWLEDGE OF EXJAPAN TRAINEES FROM INDONESIA: Alternative Solution for Rural Development in South Sulawesi and East Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Devi Riskianingrum ◽  
Gusnelly Gusnelly
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Industrial Training ◽  
South Sulawesi

International migration has changed the lives of many people and households in the villages by the value of remittance sent home by migrant workers. Japan is one of many destination countries for Indonesian migrant workers. Since 1993, Indonesian migrant workers have come to Japan on two available schemes, namely the Technical Internship Program (TIP) and the Industrial Training Program (ITP). The remittance in this study does not refer to money but more to knowledge, either in the form of ideas of social cultural values, work ethics, or business ideas obtained by trainees while working in Japan. Trainees not only receive economic but also social remittance whilst working in Japan. These trainees are expected to return with benefits to their social neighborhoods. Hence several subjects are posed in this study which identify the forms and structures of knowledge transferred from Japan to the trainees, the applicability of the knowledge received from the host country to their home country and the challenges and obstacles in managing their economic remittances.

scholarly journals Analisis Ekonomi Politik Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Pekerja Migran asal Sulawesi Selatan di Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Zulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Level Of Understanding

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) menggambarkan dan menganalisis pemenuhan hak-hak pekerja migran asal Sulawesi Selatan di Malaysia berdasarkan UU No. 39 Tahun 2004 pada masa pra-penempatan dan (2) menggambarkan dan menganalisis pemenuhan hak-hak pekerja migran asal Sulawesi Selatan di Malaysia berdasarkan UU No. 39 Tahun 2004 pada masa penempatan.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia dan Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan studi pustaka. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemenuhan hak-hak pekerja migran asal Sulawesi Selatan di Malaysia pada masa pra-penempatan dan masa penempatan yang dilaksanakan dengan benar akan meningkatkan ekonomi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia/Pekerja Migran Indonesia (TKI/PMI), negara penempatan (Malaysia) dan negara asal (Indonesia). Semakin tinggi tingkat pemahaman seseorang terkait prosedur yang legal, semakin berkurang TKI/PMI yang menempuh jalur ilegal/non-prosedural.---This research aimed to (1) describe and analyze the fulfillment of the rights of migrant workers from South Sulawesi in Malaysia under Law No. 39 of 2004 on pre-placement phase and (2) describe and analyze the fulfillment of the rights of migrant workers from South Sulawesi in Malaysia under Law No. 39 of 2004 on placement phase. This research was conducted in the province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia. The method used in the research is a qualitative case study approach. Data were obtained through interviews and literature review. Data analyzed using data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results showed that the fulfillment of the migrant workers rights from South Sulawesi in Malaysia in the pre-placement phase and placement phase which implemented properly will increase the economy of Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI/IMW), the destination country (Malaysia) and home country (Indonesia). The higher level of understanding related to legal procedures, reduce the migrant workers who take illegal/non-procedural track.

Relativity Applies to Physics, Not Ethics

2018 ◽  
pp. 236-258
Author(s):  
Purna Prabhakar Nandamuri ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Gowthami Ch
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Ethical Relativism ◽  
Great Hope ◽  
Country Culture ◽  
Cultural Standards ◽  
Multinational Businesses ◽  
Ethical Universalism

Ethical relativism is the most prevalent philosophical sub discipline. Ethical relativism represents that there is no moral right or wrong, asserting that morals evolve and change with social norms over a period of time. As the businesses have been growing transnational, this has become a burden rather than advantage, leading to confusion about whether to follow the host country or the home country cultural standards. Adopting the host country cultural values might end up with contradictory and inconsistent practices in the same organization whereas strictly believing in the home country culture might lead to rigidity and chaos in respective markets, forfeiting the opportunities. Thus, overcoming the mindset of ethical relativism has become a big burden on multinational businesses. Eventually, there lies a great hope for ethical universalism rather than relativism in the context of cross-cultural and diverse businesses.

scholarly journals THE SOCIAL PROTECTION RIGHTS FROM PRE & POST-PLACEMENT WOMEN MIGRANT WORKERS PERPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Istianah Istianah ◽  
Johanna Debora Imelda
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Insurance

Migrant workers’ social protection rights include the rights to access healthcare services, medication, social services, and social security. Social security branch applicable for migrant workers are for instance social insurance, universal coverage, provident funds, individual private accounts, employer-liability schemes, and social assistance. Indramayu as the highest migrant workers sender district until April 2019, is also a district with the highest complaint in 2018 and several cases related to social protection. With 148 total cases reported from Indramayu leads to the question of whether women migrant workers from Indramayu understand social protection and its function to protect them and prevent them from poverty. Therefore, this study aims at providing an overview pertaining social protection rights to migrant workers based on the perspective of pre and post-placement women migrant workers from Indramayu District with Hongkong, China as the host country. This is historical-comparative qualitative study with purposive sampling to 10 pre and post-placement women migrant workers. The findings demonstrated that social security obtained by the women migrant workers from Indramayu is social insurance from the home country and healthcare insurance for workers from the host country. At the host country, women migrant workers are protected with healthcare insurance from the employer while at the home country, women migrant workers are protected with social insurance for migrant workers known as BPJS Ketenagakerjaan TKI, whose occupational injury and death insurance schemes are mandatory for all migrant workers. For women migrant workers, healthcare insurance in the host country is much more crucial than BPJS for TKI. It is expected from the findings of this study could be considered by the stakeholders of migrant workers to enhance and to extend the coverage of protection for migrant workers especially woman migrant workers.

scholarly journals Skills and International Migration in New Zealand

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuila Tausi
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
First Time

A significant focus of immigration policy in New Zealand is on attracting and retaining skilled migrants by ensuring that they settle well in New Zealand. However, it is well known that immigration is not always a permanent decision and many migrants choose to leave after a period in the host country either returning to their home country or moving onward to another country. For the first time in New Zealand, information on migrants who were approved residence in New Zealand from 1998 to 2011 were matched with arrival and departure information from Statistics New Zealand to provide a more complete picture of their mobility patterns. This paper presents findings from this study with a focus on the skills associated with the subsequent movements of these migrants, in conjunction with the movements of the New Zealand-born population who travelled in the same period.

scholarly journals A Downside to the Brain Gain Story

ECONOMICS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Ilhom Abdulloev ◽  
Gil S. Epstein ◽  
Ira N. Gang
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Educational Choice ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Higher Professional Education ◽  
The Brain

AbstractWe consider how the possibility of international migration affects an individual’s educational choices in their home country. Educational choice dictates skill, and the paper refers to the highly educated, highly skilled as “professionals”; others are “non-professionals.” Without the opportunity to emigrate abroad people choose their educational investment (and hence their skill level) as we might expect. To this normal choice the higher status given professionals is also accounted for. Consider now how the opportunity for international migration to a higher paying job affects both professionals and non-professionals. Despite the higher status a professional enjoys, once an individual takes the possibility of migration to a different country into consideration, he may well decide to choose education leading to non-professional employment. A result of this paper is that if there are low chances of obtaining professional jobs in the host country, individuals may well choose an educational track leading to a low occupational profession in order to increase their chances of obtaining a job in the host country after migration. Thus, all home country students may choose the non-professional education track. Those who might have otherwise pursued higher, professional education may forgo that schooling. The theory developed here explains the forsaken schooling phenomenon. This phenomenon shows that low-skilled and skilled home country workers are willing to accept low-skilled positions in host countries. This leads to the forgoing of professional schooling in the home country since it is not optimal for the worker in the home country to choose a high skilled education since, they will be overqualified in the host country. This will have a long run affect. As time goes on, therefore, people who consider migrating abroad will have either lower years of schooling, or generally have not completed professional schools (technical-vocational or tertiary).

İngiltere’den Türkiye’ye ‘Düzensiz’ Göçmen Dövizi Gönderme Davranışının Nedenleri Üzerine Nitel Bir İnceleme

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-190
Author(s):  
Fethiye Tilbe
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Money Transfers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Migrant Groups

Bu makale, göçmen dövizi  akımlarında “düzensizlik” olarak ifade ettiğimiz, Türkiye’ye resmi kanallar dışında gönderilen enformel  göçmen dövizlerini, Birleşik Krallık’ta (özellikle Londra’da) yaşayan Türkiye kökenli göçmenler açısından incelemektedir. Her göçmen grubu, gerek ev sahibi ülkedeki düzenleyici çerçeve ve sosyo-ekonomik koşullar, gerek göçmen topluluğunun sosyo-kültürel değerleri tarafından belirlenen biçimde, farklı göçmen dövizi transfer biçimlerine eğilim sergilemektedir. Dolayısıyla farklı ülkelerdeki aynı kökenden göçmen toplulukları, ev sahibi ülkedeki dinamikler nedeniyle göçmen dövizlerinin formel ya da enformel (düzenli ya da düzensiz) gönderiminde farklılaşabilirken, aynı ülkedeki farklı ülke kökenli göçmen grupları da pek çok örüntünün etkisiyle farklı eğilim gösterebilmektedir. Nitel araştırma tasarımı kapsamında 27 göçmen ve 7 anahtar statüdeki katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilen yüz yüze görüşmelere dayalı olan bu çalışma, Birleşik Krallık’tan Türkiye’ye göçmen dövizi gönderimindeki düzensizlik olgusunu, her iki ülkenin sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel dinamikleriyle ilişkilendirerek incelemeyi ve nedenlerini ortaya çıkarmayı amaç edinmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, göçmenlik statüsü, gönderilen para miktar ve sıklığı ile geleneksel ilişki ağlarına olan güvenin yanında, Birleşik Krallık’taki sosyal yardım ve çalışma biçimine ilişkinin düzenleyici çerçevenin ve göçmenlerin sosyo-ekonomik durumlarının Türkiye’ye enformel göçmen dövizi gönderiminde temel belirleyici olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHA Qualitative Examination of Determinants of Remittances Sending Behaviour Among Immigrants from Turkey in the UKThis article examines the causes of irregularity in remittances flows from the United Kingdom (UK) to Turkey, from the perspective of migrants from Turkey living in the UK. Each group of migrants prefers different types of remittance sending methods, as determined by the regulatory framework and socio-economic conditions in the host country and the socio-cultural values of the migrant community. Therefore, migrant communities of the same origin in different countries may differ in using formal or informal sending methods of remittances due to the dynamics in the host country. Similarly, migrant groups of different nationalities in the same country may show different tendencies due to the influence of many patterns. Similarly, migrant groups of different nationalities in the same country may show different tendencies due to the influence of many patterns. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of irregularities in sending remittances by associating with the social, economic and cultural dynamics of both countries. For this purpose, face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with 27 immigrants and 7 key status participants by using qualitative research method. The obtained results reveal that the regulatory framework relating to social assistance and labour market in the UK, immigration status, the frequency and the amount of money sent and confidence in traditional relationship networks is the main determinants of informal money transfers to Turkey.

THE IDENTITY OF JAVANESE WOMEN (The study of Phenomenology Toward Indonesian Migrant Women Workers)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Anam Miftakhul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Java Language ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Opposite Sex

The woman stands for Java language (wani ditoto) term used for Homo sapiens gender and has reproduction. The opposite sex from the woman is a man or a male. The woman is a word commonly used to describe mature women. Awareness of Indonesian women to work very large, although the country must work out to become migrant workers, this is shown by the increasing number of women migrant workers every year.Based BNP2TKI report in 2013 the number of migrants reached 512 168 people, consisting of 285 197 person formal workers (56 %) and 226 871 informal migrant workers (44 %). Whereas in 2012 migrant workers reached 494 609 people consisting of 258 411 formal sector (52 %) and 236 198 informal migrant workers (48 %). (detik.com). This research using phenomenology approach by deep interview (unstructured) observation non participants and study documentation. The subject in this research is Javanese Indonesian women. The informants of this research are six women workers.   The purpose of this research is expected to describe the shift in the concept of Javanese women carry out tasks in abroad, there are Indonesian cultural values implied by the instincts of a typical traditional Javanese woman, though the housemaids are located in other countries.Social identity theory is a theory that was originally engaged in the area of Social Psychology, with the language and its ability to find and understand the meaning, has become a meta - theory that is able to bring together many disciplines such as psychology, anthropology, sociology, history, communications, as implications is that reality is always social, and the social contextual character always in a state of local culture and history.The meaning of something can be very different in cultures or groups of people who are different because in each cultural or community groups have own ways to interpret things. Groups of people who have a background of understanding is not the same to certain cultural codes will not be able to understand the meaning produced by other community groups.Research described that diversity nations woman patriarchy, Javanese culture properties characteristic of java women clearly reflected in life with workers Indonesia (TKW) is different from another country.

Too Old to Forget: The Dynamics of Political Trust among Immigrants

2021 ◽  
pp. 003232172098089
Author(s):  
Chiara Superti ◽  
Noam Gidron
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Institutional Interaction ◽  
Trust In Institutions ◽  
Age At Migration ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Point Of Reference

Scholars have argued that immigrants’ trust in institutions is the result of the exposure to host-country institutions but also shaped by past experiences in the country of origin. These experiences create a “home-country point of reference,” a political/institutional memory that becomes the relevant comparison for any political/institutional interaction in the host country. We develop further this concept and unpack its key determinants—the age at migration and the historical conditions of the home country at the specific time of migration. Only those immigrants who were too old to forget the historical and contextual features of the country-of-origin institutions at the time of migration will rely on this comparison when interacting with institutions in the host country. Across time, there is both a continuous positive/negative accumulation of trust for the host-country institutions among those with less/more democratic points of reference. We examine immigrants’ political trust using survey evidence from Israel.

scholarly journals DIASPORA NETWORKS, NON-ECONOMIC REMITTANCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM SOME ECONOMIES IN LATIN AMERICA

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550005 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIR KSHETRI ◽  
DIANA ROJAS-TORRES ◽  
MARLENY CARDONA ACEVEDO
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Diaspora Networks

Diaspora networks' non-economic remittances in the forms of social, political, cultural and technical contributions to their homeland play important roles in entrepreneurship and economic development. In this paper, we examine the effects of such remittances on entrepreneurship development in economies in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). We analyze how factors such as migrants' skills and education and characteristics of the host country are likely to affect non-economic remittances and their contribution to entrepreneurship and economic development. We offer some examples of initiatives taken in the home country and the host country to maximize the potential non-economic remittances and their impacts on entrepreneurship development in the home country. A key lesson and take-away that we can gain from entrepreneurially successful efforts of some economies is that the primary focus of diaspora policies need to be centered on utilizing various forms of non-economic remittances in stimulating the quantity and quality of entrepreneurial activity.

“It’s better I’m dead”: oppression and suicidal ideation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Reber
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Temporary Migrant ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
First Time

Purpose Anecdotal accounts of suicide among temporary low-wage migrant workers in the UAE are numerous, but unofficial and qualitative accounts remain unexplored. This study aims to examine how the socio-environmental context can lead some low-wage migrants, irrespective of their nationality or culture, to contemplate suicide for the first time after arriving in the host country. Design/methodology/approach The findings draw from ten months of qualitative fieldwork (2015–2016) and in-depth interviews conducted with 44 temporary migrant workers from sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, earning in the lowest wage bracket in Dubai. The study used a non-probabilistic, purposive sampling approach to select participants. Three criteria drove eligibility: participants had to reside in the UAE, be non-national and earn Dh1500 (US$408) or less a month. Otherwise, diversity was sought in regard to nationality, occupation and employer. Findings Eight (18%) of the 44 study participants interviewed admitted to engaging in suicidal thoughts for the first time after arriving in the UAE. The findings suggest that for low-wage migrants working in certain socio-environmental contexts, the religious, gendered or other cultural or group characteristics or patterns that may be predictors of suicide in migrants’ country of origin may become secondary or possibly even irrelevant when one is forced to survive under conditions that by most objective standards would be deemed not only oppressive but extremely exploitative and abusive. Originality/value This study contributes to understandings of how the emotional and psychological well-being of temporary foreign low-wage migrant workers can be impacted by the socio-environmental context of the host country. It is a first step in understanding the intimate thoughts of low-wage migrant workers on the topic of suicidality, furthering our understanding of suicidal ideation and the factors that can contribute to it.

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